A REVIEW STUDY OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIS FROM PLANT EXTRACTS

The development of nanotechnology is making the interest of researchers towards the synthesis of nanoparticles for the bioapplication. Metal oxides such as ZnO have received increasing attention as antibacterial materials in recent years because of their stability under harsh processing conditions, and also because they are generally regarded as safe materials for human beings and animals. Zinc activates 300 enzymes, and it plays a role in many other phenomena like growth, membrane stability, bone mineralization, tissue growth, and repair, wound healing and cell signalling. Many studies have shown that ZnO nanoparticles have enhanced antibacterial activity. Use of plant and plant materials for the synthesis of Zinc nanoparticles is relatively new and exciting research field. Various plants were used for the synthesis of nanoparticles using a green synthesis method. Nanoparticles were synthesized from all the parts of the plant separately like stem, flower, leaf, latex, root, peel, stem bark and fruits. The prepared nanoparticles of Zinc oxide were characterized by using XRD, FTIR, UV-VIS Spectroscopy, EDAX, Particle size analyzer, TGA, and SEM. The objective of this review was to report on the synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles by using different plant extracts and their significance in different fields

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION TO OPTIMIZE PROCESS PARAMETERS IN DRILLING OPERATION FOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS

Metal cutting is one of the most important processes in the field of material removal. Specific metal cuts in black, such as removing metal chips from a workpiece, to obtain a final product of the size, shape and surface properties required. The basic objective of metal cutting is to solve practical problems related to effective and accurate removal of metals from the workpiece. It has been recognized that reliable quantitative predictions of different technological performance measures, preferably in the form of comparisons, are necessary to develop improvement strategies for selecting cutting conditions in the planning of operations. In this thesis, experiments will be carried out to improve the surface quality of the glass fiber reinforced glass (GFRP) using the HSS (M2) drill bit 8 mm, 10 mm and 12 mm. The type is the nose tip of the bull. A series of experiments will be performed by changing the cutter parameters, speed, feed rate and cut depth. Speed ​​of 500 rpm, feed rate of 0.04 mm / revolution, 95-degree bitmap, width of 0.8 mm for surface roughness, 1500 mph error rate, feed rate of 0.06 mm / revolution, point angle at 95 ° C The width of the 0.8 mm chisel is optimal. The Taguchi method is used to determine the effect of process parameters and to determine the relationship between speed, feed and cut depth in relation to the large machining factor, surface finish. Micro-validation checks appear to be good under the agreement with experimental data

Residual Effect of Direct Seeded and Transplanted Rice, Nutritional Approaches and Slow Release Nitrogen Sources on the Growth Parameters of Blackgram Crop

A study was conducted on nutrient management approaches in rice-blackgram cropping system under different ecosystems. The growth parameters were recorded at 30 DAS, 60 DAS and at harvest of blackgram crop. The results indicated that the plant height and number of branches had increased linearly as the crop attained maturity. The three way interaction of ecosystem, nutritional approaches and N sources (M x N x S) had proved that significantly taller plants of blackgram were associated with the residual effect of transplanted soils which possessed neem coated urea based on SSNM for yield target of 7 t ha-1 (M2N4S2) at all stages of crop growth and number of branches at 60 DAS and at harvest

Changes in Soil Nitrogen Availability as Influenced by Direct Seeded Rice and Transplanted Rice Ecosystem, Nutritional Approaches and Slow-release Nitrogen Sources

An experiment was conducted on nutrient management approaches using RDF, SSNM, STCR and nutrient expert under different rice ecosystem using slow release nitrogen sources viz., neem coated urea and urea supergranules. The initial and final soil N content was analyzed at active tillering, panicle initiation, milking stages and at harvest of direct seeded and transplanted rice. The three-way interaction (M x N x S) proved that a significantly higher value of available N content in soil was noticed in SSNM (6 t ha-1) treated plot with neem coated urea in transplanted rice (M2N3S2) at active tillering stage (245.96 kg ha-1) and at harvest (213.46 kg ha-1), respectively, while application of NCU through SSNM approach (7 t ha-1) in direct seeded rice (M1N4S2) obtained maximum available N content at panicle initiation stage (229.18 kg ha-1) and application of NCU through STCR approach for the yield target of 7 t ha-1 in direct seeded rice (M1N2S2) at milking stage (218.15 kg ha-1)

Assessment of Chemopreventive Potential of the Plant Extracts against Liver Cancer Using HepG2 Cell Line

The edible parts of the plants Camellia sinensis, Vitis vinifera and Withania somnifera were extensively used in ancient practices such as Ayurveda, owing to their potent biomedical significance. They are very rich in secondary metabolites such as polyphenols, which are very good antioxidants and exhibit anti-carcinogenic properties. This study aims to evaluate the anti-cancerous properties of these plant crude extracts on human liver cancer HepG2 cells. The leaves of Camellia sinensis, Withania somnifera and the seeds of Vitis vinifera were collected and methanolic extracts were prepared. Then, these extracts were subjected to DPPH, α- amylase assays to determine the antioxidant properties. A MTT assay was performed to investigate the viability of the extracts of HepG2 cells, and the mode of cell death was detected by Ao/EtBr staining and flow cytometry with PI Annexin- V FITC dual staining. Then, the protein expression of BAX and BCl2 was studied using fluorescent dye to determine the regulation of the BAX and BCl2 genes. We observed that all the three extracts showed the presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols or phytochemicals. The W. somnifera bioactive compounds were found to have the highest anti-proliferative activity on human liver cancer cells