153 research outputs found
Who Controls the Price Level?
Under the guidance of monetarist theory and the issue of dominance, this study is a survey of a rapidly growing literature on Fiscal Theory of Price Level, which opens up new horizons in a non âRicardian world and questions the effectiveness of monetary policy on price level determination.inflation, price level, FTPL, non Ricardian
Who Controls the Price Level?
Under the guidance of different theories and the problem of dominance and activeness, this study gives a survey of the rapidly growing literature on Fiscal Theory of Price Level, which opens up new horizons in a nonâRicardian world and questions the effectiveness of monetary policy on price level determination.inflation, FTPL, non-Ricardian
Industrialization in Animal Agriculture: A Kalman Filter Analysis
Studies discussing the effects of technological developments on (animal) agricultural production argue that the effective usage of chemicals and genetic engineering increase control over production processes, which in turn decreases seasonality (one significant factor defining agricultural production) significantly and brings standardization to production. Studies on broilery also show that production is not limited by nature determined seasons. Supply side changes accompanied by changes in demand have led to more healthier, standardized products. Using tools of economics and statistics, this study documents this transformation in animal agricultural production of beef, pork and milk. Results indicate decreasing seasonality, thus the industralization of animal agriculture
Molecular structure, vibrational spectral investigation and the confirmation analysis of 4-Methylesculetin molecule
WOS: 000333614200003In this work, FT-IR, FT-Raman, and FT-NMR spectra of 4-Methylesculetin molecule are presented for the first time. FT-IR, FT-Raman, and FT-NMR spectra of 4MEC have been recorded and analyzed. The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of this molecule are recorded at 4000-400 cm(-1) and 50-3500 cm(-1), respectively. The infrared vibrational frequencies, absolute intensities, potential energy profile, HOMO-LUMO plot and NBO analysis of the molecule have been also predicted using Becke's three-parameter hybrid B3LYP method in the density functional theory DFT method. Calculated and experimental data are in good agreement.Ahi Evran University Research FundAhi Evran University [FEN.4003.12.013]Y. Erdogdu would like to thank Ahi Evran University Research Fund for its financial support. Project Numbers: FEN.4003.12.013. Computing resources used in this work were provided by the National Center for High Performance Computing of Turkey (UYBHM)
Combining cosmological datasets: hyperparameters and Bayesian evidence
A method is presented for performing joint analyses of cosmological datasets,
in which the weight assigned to each dataset is determined directly by it own
statistical properties. The weights are considered in a Bayesian context as a
set of hyperparameters, which are then marginalised over in order to recover
the posterior distribution as a function only of the cosmological parameters of
interest. In the case of a Gaussian likelihood function, this marginalisation
may be performed analytically. Calculation of the Bayesian evidence for the
data, with and without the introduction of hyperparameters, enables a direct
determination of whether the data warrant the introduction of weights into the
analysis; this generalises the standard likelihood ratio approach to model
comparison. The method is illustrated by application to the classic toy problem
of fitting a straight line to a set of data. A cosmological illustration of the
technique is also presented, in which the latest measurements of the cosmic
microwave background power spectrum are used to infer constraints on
cosmological parameters.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, submitted to MNRA
The Dipole Anisotropy of the 2mass Redshift Survey
We estimate the flux weighted acceleration on the Local Group (LG) from the
near-infrared Two Micron All Sky Redshift Survey (2MRS). The near-infrared flux
weighted dipoles are very robust because they closely approximate a mass
weighted dipole, bypassing the effects of redshift distortions and require no
preferred reference frame. We use this method with the redshift information to
determine the change in dipole with distance. The LG dipole seemingly converges
by 60 Mpc/h. Assuming convergence, the comparison of the 2MRS flux dipole and
the CMB dipole provides a value for the combination of the mass density and
luminosity bias parameters Omega_m^0.6/b_L= 0.40+/-0.09.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, Contribution to Rencontres de Moriond: Contents
and Structures of the Universe, March 18-25, 2006, La Thuil
Upper limits on neutrino masses from the 2dFGRS and WMAP: the role of priors
Solar, atmospheric, and reactor neutrino experiments have confirmed neutrino
oscillations, implying that neutrinos have non-zero mass, but without pinning
down their absolute masses. While it is established that the effect of
neutrinos on the evolution of cosmic structure is small, the upper limits
derived from large-scale structure data could help significantly to constrain
the absolute scale of the neutrino masses. In a recent paper the 2dF Galaxy
Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) team provided an upper limit m_nu,tot < 2.2 eV, i.e.
approximately 0.7 eV for each of the three neutrino flavours, or phrased in
terms of their contributioin to the matter density, Omega_nu/Omega_m < 0.16.
Here we discuss this analysis in greater detail, considering issues of assumed
'priors' like the matter density Omega_m and the bias of the galaxy
distribution with respect the dark matter distribution. As the suppression of
the power spectrum depends on the ratio Omega_nu/Omega_m, we find that the
out-of- fashion Mixed Dark Matter Model, with Omega_nu=0.2, Omega_m=1 and no
cosmological constant, fits the 2dFGRS power spectrum and the CMB data
reasonably well, but only for a Hubble constant H_0<50 km/s/Mpc. As a
consequence, excluding low values of the Hubble constant, e.g. with the HST Key
Project is important in order to get a strong constraint on the neutrino
masses. We also comment on the improved limit by the WMAP team, and point out
that the main neutrino signature comes from the 2dFGRS and the Lyman alpha
forest.Comment: 24 pages, 12 figures Minor changes to matched version published in
JCA
The Signature of Large Scale Structures on the Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Sky
If the diffuse extragalactic gamma ray emission traces the large scale
structures of the universe, peculiar anisotropy patterns are expected in the
gamma ray sky. In particular, because of the cutoff distance introduced by the
absorption of 0.1-10 TeV photons on the infrared/optical background, prominent
correlations with the local structures within a range of few hundreds Mpc
should be present. We provide detailed predictions of the signal based on the
PSCz map of the local universe. We also use mock N-body catalogues complemented
with the halo model of structures to study some statistical features of the
expected signatures. The results are largely independent from cosmological
details, and depend mostly on the index of correlation (or bias) of the sources
with respect to the large scale distribution of galaxies. For instance, the
predicted signal in the case of a quadratic correlation (as it may happen for a
dark matter annihilation contribution to the diffuse gamma flux) differs
substantially from a linear correlation case, providing a complementary tool to
unveil the nature of the sources of the diffuse gamma ray emission. The chances
of the present and future space and ground based observatories to measure these
features are discussed.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures; matches published versio
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