Influence of combined probiotics Lactobacillus sporogenes and Bacillus subtilis on survival, growth, biochemical changes and energy utilization performance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man 1879) post larvae

A 90-day feeding experiment was studied to determine the influence of the bacterial combination Lactobacillus sporogenes and Bacillus subtilis (LS+BS) on survival, growth, biochemical constituents and energy utilization performance of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae (PL). Experimental diets were the same, except for the variation in probiotic levels. The probiotics LS+BS (4:3) were used at 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% inclusion rates in the experimental diets. After the feeding trail, the growth parameters of the PLs, such as survival, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion efficiency and protein efficiency rate were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 4% LS+BS incorporated diet as compared with control. The food conversion ratio was significantly (P<0.05) lower in 4% LS+BS incorporated diet. The biochemical composition of the total protein, amino acid, carbohydrate and lipid ash content were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 4% LS+BS incorporated diet. However, insignificant difference was recorded in moisture content between control and experimental groups. The energy utilization parameters, such as feeding rate, absorption rate, conversion rate and metabolic rate were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 4% LS+BS incorporated diet fed PL.  These results revealed the benefits of the incorporation of the probiotic (LS+BS) in aqua feed for M. rosenbergii PL.&nbsp

Efficacy of Cereals and Pulses as Feeds for the Post-larvae of the Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii ï€

Two types of feeds were prepared using cereals (maize, bajra and Italian millet) and pulses (green gram, red gram and cow gram) respectively and fed to the post larvae of M. rosenbergii for a period of 60 days. The efficacy of these feeds on growth performance, biochemical constituents and energy utilization were assessed and compared with commercially available standard Scampi feed. Statistically insignificant differences were seen in weight gain, specific growth rate and conversion rate between control and experiments, and between experiments. However, significant differences (

Influence of combined probiotics Lactobacillus sporogenes and Bacillus subtilis on survival, growth, biochemical changes and energy utilization performance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man 1879) post larvae

A 90-day feeding experiment was studied to determine the influence of the bacterial combination Lactobacillus sporogenes and Bacillus subtilis (LS+BS) on survival, growth, biochemical constituents and energy utilization performance of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae (PL). Experimental diets were the same, except for the variation in probiotic levels. The probiotics LS+BS (4:3) were used at 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% inclusion rates in the experimental diets. After the feeding trail, the growth parameters of the PLs, such as survival, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion efficiency and protein efficiency rate were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 4% LS+BS incorporated diet as compared with control. The food conversion ratio was significantly (P<0.05) lower in 4% LS+BS incorporated diet. The biochemical composition of the total protein, amino acid, carbohydrate and lipid ash content were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 4% LS+BS incorporated diet. However, insignificant difference was recorded in moisture content between control and experimental groups. The energy utilization parameters, such as feeding rate, absorption rate, conversion rate and metabolic rate were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 4% LS+BS incorporated diet fed PL.  These results revealed the benefits of the incorporation of the probiotic (LS+BS) in aqua feed for M. rosenbergii PL

Online sulphur Analyzers for Interface Management of BS III/ BS IV/ BS V grades in cross country pipelines

Abstract Over the last few years, the importance of detecting sulphur in petroleum products has increased dramatically. This is related to the necessity of complying with increasingly stringent government regulations and ensuring product quality. Reasons for detection and Monitoring of sulphur in different petroleum products has existed for the last so many years, but detection limits have been reduced dramatically in recent times. The sulphur analyzers for present requirements must now have the ability to detect sulphur from 1 parts per billion to 500 parts per million. This paper discusses about the following aspects: •Indian Emission standards •Evolution of BS 3/4/5 grades •Need for online sulphur analyzers (OSA) in Pipeline industry. •Detection technology •Various options available in Online sulphur analyzers Low Sulphur norms in Petroleum Products have evolved due to the following reasons: -SO2 formed during combustion of fuels in IC engines damage the engines. -Acids of SO2 increase rusting of engine parts, piston rings and cylinder walls. -In environment, SO2 converts to Sulphuric acid by reaction with moisture and harm vegetation, aquatic, animal and human life. -SO2 also corrodes man made buildings and monuments This paper also explains about the various types of Online Suplhur analyzers users in HPCL and the issues faced with the same at feld level

Effect of Lactobacillus sporogenes on survival, growth, biochemical constituents and energy utilization of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae

The present study was conducted to investigate the optimization of probiotic, Lactobacillus sporogenes on survival, growth, biochemical constituents and energy utilization of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae (PL). Experimental diets were the same in all, except for the variation in probiotic levels. The probiotic L. sporogenes was used at 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% inclusion in the experimental diets. These diets were fed to M. rosenbergii PL for a period of 90 days. The food index parameters, such as SR, WG, SGR, FCE and PER were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in 4% L. sporogenes incorporated diet fed PL, whereas the FCR was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in 4% L. sporogenes incorporated diet fed PL. This indicates the fact that this feed produced higher growth rate than that of other experimental diets. Similarly the proximate composition of the total protein, total free amino acid, total carbohydrate, and total lipid content was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in 4% L. sporogenes incorporated diet fed PL. However, insignificant differences were recorded in ash and moisture contents between control and experimental groups. Energy utilization parameters, such as feeding rate, absorption rate, conversion rate and excretory rate were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in 4% L. sporogenes incorporated diet fed PL. Statistically insignificant differences were recorded in metabolic rate between control and experimental groups. This indicates that there were no differences in energy loss between control and experimental groups. However, L. sporogenes incorporated diet fed PL produced better growth performance