Graphene based nanosensor for aqueous phase detection of nitroaromatics

A graphene-based nanosensor was fabricated to selectively detect nitrotriazolone (NTO) molecules with a molecularly imprinted film via simple electrical measurements. Molecularly imprinted polymer comprising chitosan was used as sensitive layer. Gold electrodes for electrical measurements were lithographically fabricated on Si/SiO2 substrate, followed by monolayer graphene transfer and polymeric film coating. Monolayer graphene and molecularly imprinted polymer were characterized by ATR-FTIR, UV-Vis, SEM and Raman spectroscopy. Transfer-length measurements (TLM) indicate that the sensor selectively and linearly responds against aqueous NTO solutions within a wide range of concentration of 0.01-0.1 mg mL(-1) that covers the lowest toxic level of NTO determined by USEPA. This nanosensor with embedded electrodes is re-usable and suitable for field applications, offering real-time electrical measurements unlike current techniques where complex analytics are required

Spectroscopic investigation complex formation of tungsten with 2, 6-dithiol-4-methylphenol in the presence of aminophenols

The mixed-ligand complexes of tungsten (VI) with 2, 6-dithiol-4-methylphenol (DTMP) in the presence of hydrophobic amines have been investigated by spectrophotometric method. The condition of complexing and extraction, physical-chemical and analytical characteristics of this complex have been found. From aminophenols 2(N, N-dime­thy­la­mino­me­thyl)-4-methylphenol (АP1), 2(N,N-dime­thy­­la­mi­nomethyl)-4-chlorphenol (АP2) and  2(N, N-di­me­thy­laminomethyl)-4-bromphenol (АP3), were used.. It has been found that mixed-ligand complex were  formed in weakly acidic medium (pH 3.9 – 5.2). Maksimum of light absorp­tion observed at 476-480 nm. The calculated molar absorptivities (emax) belong to the interval  (2.73-2.92)×104. The extraction-photometric methods of tungsten determination have been worked out. The influence of diverse ions on determination of tungsten has been studied. The proposed methods have been successfully applied to determination of tungsten in steel, soil and plant samples

Antibacterial activity of Corylus colurna L. (Betulaceae) and Prunus divaricata ledep. subsp. divaricata (Rosaceae) from Usak, Turkey

Hazelnut and plum are very popular fruits in the world being consumed in different form and presentations. These fruits are of economic importance, especially hazelnut. In this study, the antibacterial activity of Turkish tree hazel (Corylus colurna) and Chery plum (Prunus divaricata subsp. divaricata) were investigated. The leaves of plants were extracted successively with petroleum ether, dichloromethane, methanol and distilled water in a Soxhlet apparatus. The antibacterial effects of these extracts were tested by a disk diffusion method using gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus NRRL B-767, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Bacillus subtilis NRS-744, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhimurium NRRL B-4420, Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 700603). Extracts from both plants showed similar potencies against all tested microorganisms. The results show that the dichloromethane extract of C. colurna had the highest antimicrobial activity against S. typhimurium. In additionally, petroleum ether extract of P. divaricata subsp. divaricata had highest antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis. The present work demonstrates that C. colurna and P. divaricata subsp. divaricata might be a natural source of bioactive compounds that can be promoting human health and reducing disease risks

Biological and oxidative treatment of cotton textile dye-bath effluents by fixed and fluidized bed reactors.

A treatability study for highly polluted and recalcitrant azo reactive dye-baths from cotton textile dyeing processes was conducted by using fixed and up-flow fluidized bed type reactors packed with brown coal. Ozone oxidation was carried out to assess the combination of biological and chemical oxidation. COD removal efficiencies ranged from 70% to 93%, and up to 99% color removal was attained. At a COD loading rate of 25.5 x 10(-6) gCOD/m(2)-d, COD removal was 85%. Breakthrough of the brown coal used occurred at total organic loading of 0.090 gCOD/g coal. Biodegradable and inert COD fractions of the remazol dye-bath were assessed by BOD(28) and oxygen uptake rate (OUR) measurements. 50% of total COD was initially inert. The inert fraction was reduced by adsorption and ozone oxidation by 65% and 40%, respectively. Brown coal is an inexpensive material and the system has economical and operational advantages as compared to treatment options such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) using UV, O(3), H(2)O(2) or electrocoagulation

Investigation of the quality of functioning of a quadrature signals receiver of a continuous automatic cab signaling on records of real signals and interference

Ensuring a safe transportation process is impossible without the use of complex systems for interval regulation of train traffic. In particular, such a system is a continuous automatic cab signaling (CACS) where signals are affected by various kinds of interference, leading to system failures. To reduce the number of system failures, the authors previously proposed a quadrature signal receiver of CACS (QSR of CACS). The article presents the methodology and results of an experimental study of the quality of the functioning of the QSR of CACS on records of real signals and interference. A simulation model of the test facility has been developed in the Simulink simulation environment. The study showed that the QSR of CACS provides reliable reception of CACS code signals with a low level of interference. However, it needs to apply additional measures in it to reduce the influence of impulse noise

Potential risk assessment of metals in edible fish species for human consumption from the Eastern Aegean Sea

The levels of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn were measured in the tissues of four edible fish species namely: Diplodus annularis, Pagellus erythrinus, Merluccius merluccius and Mullus barbatus, collected from the Turkish Coast of the Aegean Sea. Except for D. annularis, the levels of Cd and Pb in all fish tissues sampled in Aliaga Bay in 2009 were above the tolerable limits according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Hg in P. etythrinus and M. barbatus were higher than the maximum permitted limits (FAO), while D. annularis and M. merluccius were lower than the limit for biota in the district of Aliaga. Although the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) values for Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn in all fish samples were lower than 1.0, the THQ for Hg levels were higher than 1.0 for most of the samples. According to the THQ values, M. merluccius may be consumed in moderation from Aliaga Bay, while the consumption of M. barbatus and P. erythrinus collected from Aliaga Bay are potentially hazardous to human health due to the Hg concentrations. Fish collected from Izmir Bay can be consumed safely

Chemical Composition of Essential Oil of Limonium bonduellei

No abstract availabl

A mutagenicity and cytotoxicity study on Limonium effusum aqueous extracts by Allium, Ames and MTT tests

Nowadays plants or plant extracts have become very important for alternative medicine. Plants and their extracts have many therapeutical advantages but some of them are potentially toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic. Root, stem and leaf parts of Limonium effusum were used in this study and this species is an endemic species for Turkey. Mutagenic and cytotoxic effects of root, stem and leaf aqueous extracts were observed with Allium, Ames and MTT tests. Allium root growth inhibition test and mitotic index studies showed that aqueous extracts have dose-dependent toxic effects. Chromosome aberration studies indicated that especially sticky chromosome, anaphase-telophase disorder and laggard chromosome anomalies were highly observed. Ames test performed with Limonium effusum root aqueous extracts, showed weak mutagenic effects in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 strain with S9. MTT test based on mitochondrial activity indicated that most of the aqueous extracts have cytotoxic effects. This study aimed to determine the possible mutagenic and cytotoxic effects of L. effusum aqueous extracts by using bacterial, plant and mammalian cells. This research showed that some low concentrations of the L. effusum extracts have inhibited cytotoxic effects but high concentrations have induced cytotoxicity. On the other hand only a weak mutagenic activity was identified by Ames test with TA98 S9(+).В настоящее время растения или экстракты растений стали очень важными для альтернативной медицины. Растения и их экстракты имеют много терапевтических преимуществ, однако некоторые из них являются потенциально токсичными, мутагенными, канцерогенными и тератогенными. Корни, стебли и листья Limonium effusum, эндемичного вида Турции, были изучены в этой работе. Мутагенные и цитотоксические эффекты водных экс-трактов корней, стеблей и листьев Limonium effusum были изучены с помощью Allium-теста, теста Эймса и МТТ-теста. Тест на ингибирование роста корней лука и определение митотического индекса показали, что водные экстракты имеют дозозависимый токсичный эффект. При изучении хромосомных аберраций обнаружено большое количество таких аномалий, как слипшиеся хромосомы, нарушения анафазы-телофазы и отставшие хромосомы. Тест Эймса, проведенный на водных экстрактах корней Limonium effusum, показал слабо выраженный мутагенный эффект по отношению к Salmonella typhimurium, штамм TA98 с S9. МТТ-тест, основанный на митохондриальной активности, показал, что большинство экстрактов имели цитотоксические эффекты. Цель этого исследования изучить возможные мутагенные и цитотоксические эффекты водных экстрактов L. effusum с использованием бактериальных, растительных клеток и клеток млекопитающих. Определенные низкие концентрации экстрактов L. effusum ингибировали цитотоксические эффекты, а высокие концентрации индуцировали цитотоксичность. Слабая мутагенная активность была определена только при помощи теста Эймса с TA98 S9(+)