STUDY ON DECOLORIZATION OF DYE STUFF (AZO DYE-CONGO RED) BY USING BACTERIAL CONSORTIA

Objective: The present study is focused on the screening, isolation of effective bacterial microorganisms for the decolorization of textile effluent and evaluation of the performance of the process also optimization of parameters for enhanced decolorization. Methods: The isolation was carried out by serial dilution method and the decolorization was carried out in the batch reactor. Results: The effective bacteria isolated from the textile were Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilus, Bacillus funiculus and Pseudomonas fluorescens have been characterized by biochemical assay also with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Conclusion: The decolorization process using bacterial consortia for various dye yields 95% decolorization. The process was simple, cost-effective and eco-friendly. The parameters such as temperature, pH, nutrients, time had the greater potential for the effective growth of microorganisms were optimized and can be applied to the diverse textile treatment applications. Â&nbsp

A prospective analysis of bony union and functional outcome of transosseous osteosynthesis with ilizarov external ring fixation system in infected nonunionfracture tibia

Infected nonunion has been defined as “a state of failure of union and persistence of infection at the fracture site for 6 to 8 months”. Long standing infected non-union and gap non-union is difficult to treat and is a challenging problem for the orthopaedicians. The problems associated with infected nonunion are multiple discharging sinuses, soft tissue loss, chronic osteomyelitis, osteopenia, joint stiffness, contractures, complex deformities, limb-length discrepancy, and multidrug resistance of the micro-organisms. A well-aligned, painless, healed and functional limb is the goal of treatment which is achieved by adequate and complete debridement, stable fracture stabilization, good soft tissue coverage and reconstruction of the bony defect. We have done a prospective analysis of Transosseous osteosynthesis with Ilizarov external ring fixation system in cases of infected nonunion fractue Tibia with a sample size of 20 patients, either with or without active infection. Of the analysed 20 patients, the mean follow-up of the patients was 7 months. The longest follow-up being 17 months and the shortest being 5 months. The average time period for achievement for solid bone in our study is about 160 days. This method helped us in the control of infection, to achieve solid bone union and to attain a good functional outcome. The patients were analysed for bony union and functional outcome based on the ASAMI scoring system. In our study “A PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF BONY UNION AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF TRANSOSSEOUS OSTEOSYNTHESIS WITH ILIZAROV EXTERNAL RING FIXATION SYSTEM IN INFECTED NONUNION FRACTURE TIBIA” , 10 patients had excellent and 6 had good bony union. 12 patients had excellent and 4 patients had a good functional outcome according to the ASAMI scoring system. The Ilizarov ring fixator gives an option of compression, distraction and bone transport, and is effective in the treatment of infected nonunion fracture Tibia, where other types of treatment have failed . Ilizarov method is a minimally invasive, cheaper, versatile, cosmetic and 360 degree stable method. Early weight bearing is the key factor that distinguishes it from other conventional methods of fixation infected non-union Tibia. It promotes early functional recovery, eliminating fracture disease. Weight bearing and the functioning of the joints while on the treatment is an advantage of this technique. In the present scenario, the best available solution for management of infected nonunion of fracture Tibia associated with bone defects, limb length discrepancies, deformities is the Ilizarov ring fixation system. Transosseous osteosynthesis with Ilizarov ring fixation system is the safest, simplest, most economical and effective method for the management of infected nonunion fracture Tibia

Can proximal femoral nailing of unstable trochanteric fractures help to regain pre-injury functional status in Indian rural patients? A prospective study of functional outcome of unstable intertrochanteric fractures with proximal femoral nailing

Background: In view of the high incidence of implant failure and varus collapse seen in unstable inter trochanteric femur fractures treated with dynamic hip screw (DHS), proximal femoral nailing (PFN) has gained popularity.1,2 However there is limited literature regarding functional outcome following PFN especially in Indian patients. In this study, our aim was to assess functional outcome following PFN of unstable inter trochanteric femur fractures which includes the ability to sit cross leg and squat.Methods: This prospective observational study was done at the associated hospitals of KMC Mangalore, spanning a time period of around 2 years, from October 2014 to July 2016. All patients who presented with isolated closed unstable inter-trochanteric fractures were included in the study. Patients were treated with proximal femoral nailing and followed up for a minimum period of 6 months. Outcome measures included Harris hip score, walking status and ability to sit cross leg and squat.Results: 40 consecutive patients (Mean age 61 years, range 25-95) were included in the study, all fractures united within 6 months. As per Harris hip score, 25 patients (62.5%) had excellent or good results, 8 patients (20%) had fair and 7 patients (17.5%) had poor results. 74% (20 out of 27) regained their gainful working status. 80% (24 out of 30) were able to squat easily  or with some  difficulty and 74% (20 out of 27) patients were able to sit crossed leg with or without difficulty. 82% (23 out of 28) regained their unassisted walking status.Conclusions: For unstable inter trochanteric femur fracture PFN gives good results in terms of union, walking ability and majority of the patients regained their pre injury activity status including squatting and cross leg sitting.

Over-the-Scope Clip to the Rescue! A Novel Tool for Refractory Acute Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

© 2020 © 2020 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel. Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (NVUGIH) is more prevalent than lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage and carries a high risk of mortality in the elderly, especially those with significant cardiovascular comorbidities. Traditional endoscopic methods, such as through-the-scope clips, electrocautery, and epinephrine injection, are frequently used to control these bleeds; however, they carry a 10% risk of rebleeding, and this itself carries a mortality risk of 36%. The larger over-the-scope clips (OTSC) that were initially used for the closure of fistulas and perforations are now gradually being implemented to manage NVUGIH. To our knowledge, we present the first cases to be reported in the literature where OTSC was successfully used as salvage therapy for refractory acute upper gastrointestinal bleeders who failed traditional endoscopic management and interventional radiology-guided embolization of the bleeding artery. We also provide an up-to-date literature review on the use of OTSC and its superiority to traditional endoscopic interventions in the management of complicated NVUGIH

Dynamics of Metallic Particle Contamination in Gas Insulated Substation (GIS)

This paper analyses the movement of free conducting particles inside a single phase Gas Insulated Bus duct(GIB).A two dimensional mathematical model was proposed for determining the movement pattern of metallic particle in GIB by considering all the forces acting on the particle like gravitational, drag and the electric field forces. These particles may be free to move in the electric field or may be fixed on the conductors, thus enhancing local surface fields. Electric fields at the instantaneous contaminated particle locations were computed using Charge Simulation Method (CSM).To determine the particle trajectory in a single phase Gas Insulated Bus duct (GIB), an enclosure diameter 152 mm and conductor diameter 55 mm is considered. The simulation of the particle movement was carried under different AC voltage levels like 100KV, 132KV, 145KV and 175KV class enclosure of GIB for aluminum, copper and silver particles. The results of the simulation have been presented and analyzed in this paper

A cross sectional study on the prevalence of hearing Loss among automobile industrial workers in Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu - 2017

BACKGROUND: The industrial revolution has modernized the companies with machines replacing man. The technological development created bigger and noisier machines each time, which contributed substantially to aggravate the problem of noise. In recent times it is one of the most important problems in the occupational environment which affects workers in various professions. OBJECTIVES: 1. To assess the prevalence of hearing loss in the automobile industrial workers. 2. To determine the factors influencing the hearing loss among automobile industrial workers. METHODOLOGY: Industry based cross sectional study conducted among the automobile industrial workers of Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu. Study period was march 17 to august 17with the sample size 316. RESULTS: The prevalence of hearing loss in our study among the automobile industrial workers was nearly 6.6% and early hearing loss with dip in 4khz was about 23.7% in Right ear and 34.2% in Left ear. Confounding factors: Confounding factors such as ototoxic drug intake such as streptomycin and quinine, family history of hard of hearing and history of known hypertension were included in the analysis but not found to have statistical significance in hearing loss. CONCLUSION: Need for increasing awareness about the hazardous effects of noise on hearing acuity among automobile industrial workers regarding the prevention and control of NIHL, including strict strengthening of legislation

Influence of Transferred Arc Plasma Melting Time on the Formation of Phase and Microstructure of Mullite-Zirconia Composite

Transferred arc plasma is an effective and simple technique to synthesis a high temperature reaction ceramic composite material. In this paper, 20 kW transferred arc plasma torch was used to synthesis mullite-zirconia composites through the solid-state reaction of 3:2 mole ratio of ball milled alumina and zircon powders.  Dissociation of zircon in a thermal plasma arc is utilized as to prepare mullite-zirconia composites. The ball milled samples are melted for 3, 6, 9 and 12 minutes in transferred arc plasma torch at 20 kW power level with 10 lpm of argon flow rate and cooled by air. The phase and microstructure of melted samples were determined from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and SEM images. The obtained results shows that the processing time significantly influence on the formation of phase and microstructure of the mullite- zirconia composite