Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Interventions in Adaptive Behavior for Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities

Intellectual disability (ID) represents limitations in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior that originate before 22 years of age. Adaptive behavior is a set of conceptual, social, and practical skills that have been learned and are performed by people in their daily lives. Early intervention, followed by continuous and focused adaptive behavior, can increase the quality of life and improve ID presentation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate adaptive behavior interventions for children and adolescents with ID and to analyze their effectiveness. We used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) Statement guidelines. The 20 identified studies vary in terms of participant characteristics and type and duration of interventions. We performed the meta-analysis by examining the differences in the standardized mean or mean differences. Heterogeneity was tested using the I² test. The meta-analysis results indicate a lack of general consensus in the field of ID studies regarding interventions for adaptive behavior. This does not imply that there are insufficient foundations for the construct or the interventions, just a lack of evidence and consensus for using a specific intervention protocol. In subgroup sensitivity analysis, ABA-based interventions showed significant improvement in the experimental group's adaptive behavior compared to the control group. The findings provide information for researchers and practitioners, highlighting areas that need future research and offering implications for practice

Systematic review of research investigating psychotherapy and information and communication technologies

Introduction:Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are devices, services and knowledge that reproduce, process and distribute information. Psychotherapy has been influenced by these technologies, and there is a tendency for their role to expand.Objective: To describe the current panorama of the scientific literature on psychotherapy and ICTs.Method: This is a systematic and descriptive review. Searches were run on the electronic databases Biblioteca Virtual em Saude (BVS), PsycINFO, Scopus, PePSIC, ScienceDirect and Index Psi, using the Boolean operator AND and the descriptors psychotherapy, computers, Internet, cell phones and social networks.Results: A considerable volume of empirical research was found, published recently in many different parts of the world, especially in the United States. There is very little Brazilian research on the subject. The majority of the studies identified assess the efficacy or describe the development of techniques and psychotherapies, via ICTs, for prevention, diagnosis or treatment of mental and behavioral disorders. The psychopathology most investigated in this area is depression and it was not possible to draw conclusions on a possible trend for research into the subject to increase. The technology most investigated was the Internet and cognitive-behavioral therapy was the most common theoretical approach in these studies.Conclusions:Systematic reviews of published studies can detect gaps in the research agenda within a specific field of knowledge