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    驴Por qu茅 el m茅dico lo es?

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    Reconstrucci贸n de la articulaci贸n temporomandibular con pr贸tesis personalizadas

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    La reconstrucci贸n de la articulaci贸n temporomandibular (ATM) tras la resecci贸n de una anquilosis postraum谩tica es un reto para el cirujano maxilofacial. Entre estas opciones reconstructivas se hallan las osteotom铆as deslizantes, los injertos aut贸logos y las pr贸tesis (de stock o personalizadas). El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar las ventajas de la reconstrucci贸n de las ATM con pr贸tesis personalizadas utilizando tecnolog铆a CAD/CAM, en el tratamiento de pacientes con deformidades anat贸micas complejas. Presentamos 4 pacientes varones con una media de 54 a帽os de edad (rango 48-70 a帽os). Todos presentaban antecedente de traumatismo facial con afectaci贸n de las ATM, que cursaba con limitaci贸n de la apertura oral (media12.25 mm, rango 9mm-17 mm) y restricci贸n diet茅tica (media 6.75 puntos, rango 5.5-8 puntos) seg煤n escala anal贸gica visual (EAV) siendo 0= funci贸n normal y 10= no funci贸n. El n煤mero de cirug铆as previas en todos los pacientes fue 2.75 de media (rango 1-4 cirug铆as) Se practic贸 una tomograf铆a computerizada (TC) craneofacial a todos los pacientes, que sirvi贸 de base para fabricar un modelo esterolitogr谩fico a escala 1:1, sobre el cual se plane贸 la cirug铆a a realizar y las futuras pr贸tesis articulares a medida o personalizadas, que posteriormente fueron fabricadas. Los resultados postquir煤rgicos mostraron una mejor铆a de la apertura oral (media 31.5 mm, rango 29-34 mm) y de la funci贸n masticatoria (media 0.75 puntos en EAV, rango 0-1.5 puntos). No hubo complicaciones permanentes, y no se observ贸 rechazo ni rotura al material implantado, as铆 como tampoco infecci贸n, tras un seguimiento de 26.7 meses (rango 8- 46 meses). En conclusi贸n, la reconstrucci贸n de la ATM con pr贸tesis a medida es una alternativa v谩lida o, en ocasiones, la 煤nica para reconstruir pacientes con deformidades craneofaciales severas tras traumatismos.Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reconstruction after postraumatic ankylosis resection is a challenge for maxillofacial surgeons. Sliding osteotomies, autogenous grafts and prostheses (stock o custom-made prostheses) are described among these reconstructive options. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the advantages of TMJ reconstruction by means of custom-made prostheses, performing CAD/CAM technology, in the treatment of severe craniofacial deformities. The sample included 4 males (average age at surgery 54 years, range 48-70 years). All of them had suffered severe facial trauma involving the TMJ complex, resulting in a limited mouth opening (average mouth opening 12.25 mm, range 9mm- 17 mm) and masticatory restrictions (average masticatory restriction 6.75 points, range 5.5-8 points), measured by means of a visual analogic scale (VAS), VAS=0 no function and VAS=10 normal function. The average number of previous surgical procedures that suffered the patients was 2.75 (range 1-4 procedures). As part of the presurgical workup, a craniofacial computed tomography (CT) was obtained at all the patients and a CAD/CAM model of the craniofacial skeleton was created (1:1 scale). The planned surgical procedures and the prostheses samples were executed on the model and after the definitive prosthetic devices were manufactured. The postsurgical results showed an improvement in mouth opening (average postsurgical mouth opening 31.5 mm, range 29-34 mm) and masticatory function (average postsurgical masticatory function,0.75 points, range 0-1.5 points). No permanent complications were found, and no failure neither infection of the alloplastic fitted components was observed, after a 26.7 months follow-up (range 8-46 months). In conclusion, TMJ reconstruction by means of custom made prostheses is a valid choice (or sometimes the only one) to treat patients with severe deformities after craniofacial trauma
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