Exploring determining factors of MaaS app use and its potential effects on mobility behavior: Keys to gender-sensitive planning and management

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) has become an emerging trend in transportation planning and management due to its potential to overcome the challenges of urban mobility toward the achievement of sustainable mobility goals. This requires people to be willing to use MaaS apps. However, given their relative novelty, there is still a lack of research on the factors that influence the use of these apps, as well as the possible role of gender in such use. In this context, this study aims to explore the complex relationships between a set of relevant factors and their influence on the intention to adopt MaaS apps, with special attention to the role of gender as a moderating variable. For this purpose, a survey was conducted in the Madrid Metropolitan Area (Spain), comprising 8358 respondents (3627 men and 4731 women), and a four-step methodological procedure was adopted: (i) Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), (ii) Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), (iii) Structural Equation Model (SEM) on the total sample (iv) Gender-sensitive analysis, including a Multi-group analysis – SEM. The results demonstrate that technophilia, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are determining factors. Green values and attitudes toward shared modes have a notable total positive effect. However, contrary to expected, attitudes toward public transport, car and bicycle hardly explain the intention to adopt MaaS apps. Our analysis also reveals significant gender differences in the causal relationships hypothesized in the model. These findings allow us to outline the policy initiatives that could favor the use of MaaS apps, with a gender-sensitive approach.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga /CBU

Analysis and Viability of Railway Exportation to Europe from the South of Spain

AbstractMore and more companies nowadays are opting to broaden their horizons in order to offer their products or services abroad. The need for the export arises from the current economic situation, not only in the Andalusian region but also throughout the rest of Spain. While domestic demand is at a standstill, foreign trade is often the best or the only alternative to safeguard the financial survival of the company. The trading of a product beyond national borders implies requirements or demands in which risks and costs occur. This paper is focused on an important challenge, the transport, particularly the freight transport by rail. Railway transport presents interesting advantages, but also some constraints in reaching every place and potential customer. At this point, its combination or intermodality with the road system has a great value, since the road is the nexus between companies and intermodal chains where the trade takes place. This paper defines the options for the railway transport of freights from the south of Spain to Europe, and studies one particular case, to be used as a guidance for companies interested in exports

Strategies for smart and sustainable transport from a gender perspective

Mobility, and especially urban mobility, has changed drastically in recent times. This has been due, on the one hand, to the development and application of new technologies that have led to new modes of transport, fuels and resource sharing. On the other hand, the impact on mobility and logistics of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, which has led to a decrease in the number of daily trips, changes in the choice and use of transport modes and the accelerated evolution of B2C e-commerce logistics distribution. Gender differences in mobility patterns are well known. Although the geographical, social and cultural context may influence mobility habits, and may make these gender differences more or less pronounced, the literature published over the years has identified common patterns or trends in developed countries. On the other hand, the effects of the COVID-19 crisis in the social and economic sphere have aggravated inequalities between population groups, with women being one of the most affected groups, which may accentuate this gender gap in mobility. Mobility and transport policies should aim at an efficient and sustainable use of transport modes, while ensuring road safety and equal opportunities of use. Through a strategic analysis of urban mobility from a gender perspective, strategies are identified and recommendations are offered for policy decisions in mobility planning towards smarter urban mobility.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Carbon footprint savings from free fare public transport policies. The case of Marbella.

One of the main goals of free fare public transport policy is to reduce car use by promoting other more sustainable modes of transport. The aim of this work is to develop a methodology that allows us to evaluate the carbon footprint savings derived from the implementation of these policies based on the CO2 emissions avoided by the trips captured from the car mode. To do this, we will study the case of the city of Marbella, comparing the evolution of the demand for bus trips, before and after COVID-19, with other cities that do not have free public transport. As a result, a total saving of 835.75 tonnes of CO2 emissions to the at-mosphere is estimated for the study period 2019-2022. This methodology is a useful tool to measure the effectiveness of these policies in terms of environmental impact.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

What characterizes knowledge of mathematics teachers when planning for teaching the concept of limit to infinity of a function?

Se reportan avances de una investigación que se interesa por determinar las características del conocimiento matemático para la enseñanza del concepto de límite al infinito de una función que pone en acción el profesor en la planificación del tópico. El estudio se fundamenta en el modelo Conocimiento Matemático para la Enseñanza (MKT). En el estudio participan dos profesores de matemáticas de España y uno de México. Los datos se obtienen mediante una entrevista semiestructurada que involucró aspectos sobre los datos personales, el aula de clases, la planificación del profesor y del investigador sobre el tópico. El análisis de los daros se realiza en tres fases: generación de las unidades de análisis, agrupamiento en categorías de dichas unidades y determinación de las características del conocimiento del profesor. Los resultados evidencian que el profesor pone en acción los subdominios del MKT cuando planifica la enseñanza del concepto de límite al infinito de una función.Partial results from a study focused on determining characteristics of mathematical knowledge for teaching the concept of infinite limit of a function, a topic presented by a teacher. Foundations of this study are the model of Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching (MKT). In this study, two mathematics teachers from Spain and one from Mexico are involved. Researchers gathered data applying a semi-structured interview involving aspects of personal data, classroom, teacher planning and research on the topic. Researchers analyzed data in three phases, as follows: generation of the units of analysis, grouping into categories of these units, and determination of characteristics of knowledge. Results show that the teacher puts into action MKT's subdomains when planning of teaching the concept of limit with tendency to infinity of a function

Rendimiento y valor nutricional de brásicas forrajeras en comparación con forrajes tradicionales

The high nutritional value of brassicas can increase productivity in traditional forage production systems. The objective of the study was to compare the nutritional value and yield of dry matter (DM) and nutrients between forage brassicas and traditional autumn-winter species. The forage brassicas were Winfred, Hunter and Graza radish and the traditional forages were oats, triticale, barley, wheat and berseem clover. The study was conducted in Matamoros, Coahuila, Mexico in the 2018-2019 cycle, under a randomized complete block experimental design with four repetitions. The regrowth capacity, the nutritional composition of the forage and the yields of DM and nutrients were determined. All species showed regrowth capacity, with three cuts in berseem clover in 154 d, and with two cuts in brassicas (150-154 d) and cereals (133-144 d). The brassicas had nutritional composition similar to that of berseem clover and better than that of cereals, mainly due to their higher content of net energy of lactation (NEL; 6.57 to 7.32 MJ kg-1 DM). The DM yields of the brassicas were similar to those observed in traditional forages; however, due to their high nutritional composition, the brassicas were equal to or superior in production of crude protein (CP) (1,608 to 2,986 kg ha-1) and NEL (62,819 to 84,044 MJ ha-1) to traditional forages. In general, forage brassicas can increase nutrient yield with respect to cereals and berseem clover, especially in the production of NEL (27.5 to 47.3 %).El alto valor nutritivo de las brásicas puede incrementar la productividad en los sistemas de producción de forrajes tradicionales. El objetivo del estudio fue comparar el valor nutricional y el rendimiento de materia seca (MS) y nutrientes entre brásicas forrajeras y especies tradicionales de otoño-invierno. Las brásicas forrajeras fueron Winfred, Hunter y rábano Graza y los forrajes tradicionales fueron avena, triticale, cebada, trigo y el trébol Alejandrino. El estudio se realizó en Matamoros, Coahuila, México en el ciclo 2018-2019, bajo un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Se determinó la capacidad de rebrote, la composición nutricional del forraje y los rendimientos de MS y nutrientes. Todas las especies presentaron capacidad de rebrote, con tres cortes en trébol Alejandrino en 154 días, y con dos cortes en brásicas (150-154 días) y cereales (133-144 días). Las brásicas presentaron similar composición nutricional al trébol Alejandrino y mejor al de los cereales, principalmente por su mayor contenido de energía neta para lactancia (ENL; 6.57 a 7.32 MJ kg-1 MS). Los rendimientos de MS de las brásicas fueron similares a los observados en los forrajes tradicionales; sin embargo, por su alta composición nutricional las brásicas fueron iguales o superiores en producción de proteína cruda (PC) (1,608 a 2,986 kg ha-1) y ENL (62,819 a 84,044 MJ ha-1) a los forrajes tradicionales. En general, las brásicas forrajeras pueden incrementar el rendimiento de nutrientes respecto a los cereales y al trébol Alejandrino, especialmente en la producción de ENL (27.5 a 47.3 %)

Results from Bottom Trawl Survey on Flemish Cap of June-July 2020

A stratified random bottom trawl survey on Flemish Cap was carried out from 30 June to 29 July 2020. The area surveyed was extended up to depths of 800 fathoms (1460 meters) following the same procedures as in previous years and 181 fishing stations planned. The survey was carried out by the R/V Vizconde de Eza with the usual survey gear (Lofoten). A total of 181 valid hauls were made by the vessel R/V Vizconde de Eza, 120 up to 730 meters depth and 61 up to 1460 meters. Survey results including abundance indices of the main commercial species and age distributions for cod, redfish, American plaice, Greenland halibut, roughhead grenadier, squid and shrimp are presented. The general indexes for this year are estimated taken into account the traditional swept area (strata 1-19, up to depths of 730 m.) and the total area surveyed (strata 1-34, up to depths of 1460 m.).Versión del editor

Inversión Pública en Infraestructura Vial para el Crecimiento Económico en Nicaragua en el Periodo 2010 – 2020

La inversión pública en infraestructura vial es un elemento que potencia el desarrollo de un territorio, permitiendo que el comercio, el turismo y las áreas productivas tengan un mejor y fácil acceso para impulsar la economía. El estudio tiene por objetivo analizar la incidencia de la inversión pública en la infraestructura vial, en el crecimiento económico de Nicaragua, en el periodo 2010 – 2020. Haciendo uso de una estrategia de razonamiento lógico se aplican los métodos inductivo y deductivo. Y mediante un modelo econométrico se explica de forma cuantitativa el comportamiento de las principales variables económicas que influyen en el modelo de crecimiento del país. El estudio muestra la relación que tiene la Inversión Pública en Infraestructura Vial utilizando las variables Importación, Exportación y crecimiento económico del país (PIB). En el estudio se llega a la conclusión que la Inversión Pública en Infraestructura Vial incide de manera positiva en el Crecimiento Económico de Nicaragua contribuyendo a la generación de empleo, creación de pequeños y medianos negocios ubicados en las nuevas vías construidas y la mejor movilización del comercio nacional e internacional ya que Nicaragua es el puente principal del comercio Centroamerican

Systematic Review of Therapeutic Physical Exercise in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis over Time

Background: the main objective of this study was to analyze the potential short-, medium- and long-term effects of a therapeutic physical exercise (TFE) programme on the functionality of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, measured with the Revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Scale (ALSFRS-R) scale. Methods: a systematic review of the PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDline) databases was carried out. The information was filtered using the following Medical Subjects Heading (MeSH) terms: "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis", "Physical Therapy", and "Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine". The internal validity of the selected documents was evaluated using the PEDro scale. The study included clinical trials published in the last 5 years in which one of the interventions was therapeutic physical exercise in patients with ALS, using the ALSFRS-R as the main outcome variable and functional variables as secondary variables. Results: 10 clinical trials were analyzed, with an internal validity of 5-7 points. The TFE groups showed significant short-, medium- and long-term differences, obtaining a mean difference of 5.8 points compared to the 7.6 points obtained by the control groups, at six months, measured with ALSFRS-R. In addition, the participants showed significant improvements in functional abilities in the short, medium and long terms. Conclusions: Therapeutic physical exercise could contribute to slowing down the deterioration of the musculature of patients with ALS, thus facilitating their performance in activities of daily living, based on the significant differences shown by these individuals in the short, medium and long term both in subjective perception, measured with ALSFRS-R, and functional capacities

Spiny Dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and Black Dogfish (Centroscyllium fabricii) Spanish Data (Surveys and Fishery) in NAFO Divisions 3LMNO.

The analysis of Spanish survey and fishery dat a from Divisions 3LMNO show that Spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) is not abundant and that this species appears in these Divisions sporadically and in depths of l ess than 500 meters. Black dogfish (Centroscyllium fabricii) data show that this speci es is present in all Divisions, but is more abundant in Div. 3NO and in depths of more than 900 m. Biomass estimated from the 3NO survey displays an increasing trend over the last three years. Commercial catches of this species are mainly a by-cat ch of the Greenland halibut fishery in Div. 3LMNO. Size compositions are mainly in between 50 and 70 cm of length, both for commercial and survey catches