Effect of Hydraulic Activity on Crystallization of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) for Eco-Friendly Paper

Wt% of aragonite, a CaCO3 polymorph, increased with higher hydraulic activity (°C) of limestone in precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) from the lime-soda process (Ca(OH)2-NaOH-Na2CO3). Only calcite, the most stable polymorph, was crystallized at hydraulic activity under 10 °C, whereas aragonite also started to crystallize over 10 °C. The crystallization of PCC is more dependent on the hydraulic activity of limestone than CaO content, a factor commonly used to classify limestone ores according to quality. The results could be effectively applied to the determination of polymorphs in synthetic PCC for eco-friendly paper manufacture

Effects of an internal medicine floor interdisciplinary team on hospital and clinical outcomes of seniors with acute medical illness

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/100310/1/ggi12035.pd

Magnetoelectric effects of nanoparticulate Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3-NiFe2O4 composite films

We fabricated Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3-NiFe2O4 composite films consisting of randomly dispersed NiFe2O4 nanoparticles in the Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 matrix. The structural analysis revealed that the crystal axes of the NiFe2O4 nanoparticles are aligned with those of the ferroelectric matrix. The composite has good ferroelectric and magnetic properties. We measured the transverse and longitudinal components of the magnetoelectric voltage coefficient, which supports the postulate that the magnetoelectric effect comes from direct stress coupling between magnetostrictive NiFe2O4 and piezoelectric Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 grains.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

Foods contributing to nutrients intake and assessment of nutritional status in pre-dialysis patients: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background For chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, management of nutritional status is critical for delaying progression to end-stage renal disease. The purpose of this study is to provide the basis for personalized nutritional intervention in pre-dialysis patients by comparing the foods contributing to nutrients intake, nutritional status and potential dietary inflammation of CKD patients according to the diabetes mellitus (DM) comorbidity and CKD stage. Methods Two hundred fifty-six outpatients referred to the Department of Nephrology at SNUH from Feb 2016 to Jan 2017 were included. Subjects on dialysis and those who had undergone kidney transplantation were excluded. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), subjective global assessment (SGA), dietary intake, and biochemical parameters were collected. Subjects were classified into 4 groups according to DM comorbidity (DM or Non-DM) and CKD stage (Early or Late) by kidney function. Two-way analysis of variance and multinomial logistic regression analysis were performed for statistical analysis. Results Total number of malnourished patients was 31 (12.1%), and all of them were moderately malnourished according to SGA. The body mass index (BMI) of the DM-CKD group was significantly higher than the Non-DM-CKD group. The contribution of whole grains and legumes to protein intake in the DM-CKD group was greater than that in the Non-DM-CKD group. The DM- Early-CKD group consumed more whole grains and legumes compared with the Non-DM-Early-CKD group. The subjects in the lowest tertile for protein intake had lower phase angle, SGA score and serum albumin levels than those in the highest tertile. The potential for diet-induced inflammation did not differ among the groups. Conclusions Significant differences in intakes of whole grains and legumes between CKD patients with or without DM were observed. Since contribution of whole grains and legumes to phosphorus and potassium intake were significant, advice regarding whole grains and legumes may be needed in DM-CKD patients if phosphorus and potassium intake levels should be controlled. The nutritional status determined by BIA, SGA and serum albumin was found to be different depending on the protein intake. Understanding the characteristics of food sources can provide a basis for individualized nutritional intervention for CKD patients depending on the presence of diabetes

Korean Society of Nephrology 2022 Recommendations on controversial issues in diagnosis and management of hyponatremia

The Korean Society for Electrolyte and Blood Pressure Research, in collaboration with the Korean Society of Nephrology, has published a clinical practice guideline (CPG) document for hyponatremia treatment. The document is based on an extensive evidence-based review of the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia with the multidisciplinary participation of representative experts in hyponatremia with methodologist support for guideline development. This CPG consists of 12 recommendations (two for diagnosis, eight for treatment, and two for special situations) based on eight detailed topics and nine key questions. Each recommendation begins with statements graded by the strength of the recommendations and the quality of the evidence. Each statement is followed by rationale supporting the recommendations. The committee issued conditional recommendations in favor of rapid intermittent bolus administration of hypertonic saline in severe hyponatremia, the use of vasopressin receptor antagonists in heart failure with hypervolemic hyponatremia, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis with moderate to severe hyponatremia, the individualization of desmopressin use, and strong recommendation on the administration of isotonic fluids as maintenance fluid therapy in hospitalized pediatric patients. We hope that this CPG will provide useful recommendations in practice, with the aim of providing clinical support for shared decision-making to improve patient outcomes

Comparison of Dissolution and Surface Reactions Between Calcite and Aragonite in L-Glutamic and L-Aspartic Acid Solutions

We have investigated dissolution and surface reaction of calcite and aragonite in amino acid solutions of L-glutamic (L-glu) and L-aspartic acid (L-asp) at weak acidity of above pH 3. The surface reactions of calcite and aragonite were related with the dissolution. Calcite was dissolved in both solutions but the dissolution was limited by an adsorption of Ca-carboxylate salt. Aragonite was neither dissolved nor reacted in amino acid solutions because the crystal surface consisted of a hard to dissolve structure

Correlative study between the local atomic and electronic structures of amorphous carbon materials via 4D-STEM and STEM-EELS

© 2022 Author(s).Amorphous materials have been used in a range of electronic and photonic applications, and the need for quantitative analytical techniques on their local structural information is growing. We present a comprehensive analysis of the atomic and electronic structures of an amorphous material, amorphous carbon (a-C), with scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM)-derived techniques, four-dimensional STEM (4D-STEM), and STEM-electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS). Each diffraction pattern of an a-C layer stack acquired via 4D-STEM is transformed into a reduced density function (RDF) and a radial variance profile (RVP) to retrieve the information on the atomic structures. Importantly, a machine-learning approach (preferably cluster analysis) separates distinct features in the EELS and RDF datasets; it also describes the spatial distributions of these features in the scanned regions. Consequently, we showed that the differences in the sp2/sp3 ratio and the involvement of additional elements led to changes in the bond length. Furthermore, we identified the dominant types of medium-range ordering structures (diamond-like or graphite-like nano-crystals) by correlations among the EELS, RDF, and RVP data. The information obtained via STEM-EELS and 4D-STEM can be strongly correlated, leading to the comprehensive characterization of the a-C layer stack for a nanometer-scale area. This process can be used to investigate any amorphous material, thereby yielding comprehensive information regarding the origins of notable properties.N

Aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate : A new kind of functional filler

This article ascribes an exclusive overview of the synthesized aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate and its applications in various fields. Special attention is given on aragonite pcc is a new kind of functional filler in the paper industry and automotive industry. Now a days, aragonite pcc synthesis is the most exciting and important industrial application process. Aragonite pcc is an interesting and attractive mineral for its unique characteristic features and enhances the preselected properties of paper like opacity, density and brightness etc. The new rising acicular type of aragonite pcc mineral, in particular is being used as filler for polyolefin resins and polypropylene composites which are significantly used in automobile industry to manufacture light weight vehicles