РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИИ ПОЧЕК В АКТЮБИНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ КАЗАХСТАНА

Aim: to analyse the results of the initial experience of kidney transplantation of the regional hospital of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Materials and methods. The results of kidney transplantations which were performed to 31 patients in the Aktobe Medical Center (AMC, Aktobesity) for the period from November 2014 to 2017 are presented. Kidney transplantations were performed in compliance with clinical protocols according to the generally accepted methodology. In 25 cases transplantation performed from a living donor, in 6 cases – from deceased donors. The most of living donors underwent laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with manual assistance (70.8%).Results. After nephrectomy operations complications were not observed in donors, all patients were discharged in a satisfactory state on the 5th–8th postoperative day. The following complications were observed in recipients in the early postoperative period: acute tubular necrosis – 1, postoperative bleeding (retroperitoneal hematoma) – 2, lymphorrhagia – 2, urinary leakages – 2. One recipient was died in the late postoperative period after infection complications and the development of sepsis.Conclusions. Kidney transplantation is undoubtedly effective method for treating patients with terminal chronic kidney failure. The results of the initial experience of kidney transplantation in the Aktobe regional hospital of the Republic of Kazakhstan are not differ from the average results of leading domestic and other foreign transplant clinics.Цель. Анализ результатов первоначального опыта пересадки почек в условиях областной больницы Республики Казахстан.Материалы и методы. Представлены результаты трансплантации почек, проведенных на базе Актюбинского медицинского центра (АМЦ, г. Актобе) 31 пациенту за период с ноября 2014 года по 2017 год. Операции по трансплантации проводились с соблюдением установленных протоколов по общепринятой методике. В 25 случаях проведена трансплантация от живого донора, в 6 случаях – от трупных доноров. Основная часть живых доноров подверглась лапароскопической нефроуретерэктомии с ручной ассистенцией (70,8%).Результаты. После операций по нефроуретерэктомии у доноров осложнений не наблюдалось, все были выписаны в удовлетворительном состоянии на 5–8-е сутки после операции. У реципиентов в послеоперационном периоде наблюдались следующие осложнения: острый канальцевый некроз – 1, послеоперационное кровотечение (забрюшинная гематома) – 2, лимфорея по дренажу – 2, несостоятельность мочевого анастомоза – 2. Умер 1 реципиент в отдаленном послеоперационном периоде на фоне инфекционных осложнений с развитием сепсиса.Выводы. Трансплантация почки, бесспорно, является более эффективным методом лечения больных с терминальной хронической почечной недостаточностью. Результаты первоначального опыта трансплантации почек в условиях областной больницы Актюбинской области Республики Казахстан не отличаются от среднестатистических результатов ведущих отечественных и зарубежных клиник

RESULTS OF KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION IN AKTOBE REGION OF KAZAKHSTAN

Aim: to analyse the results of the initial experience of kidney transplantation of the regional hospital of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Materials and methods. The results of kidney transplantations which were performed to 31 patients in the Aktobe Medical Center (AMC, Aktobesity) for the period from November 2014 to 2017 are presented. Kidney transplantations were performed in compliance with clinical protocols according to the generally accepted methodology. In 25 cases transplantation performed from a living donor, in 6 cases – from deceased donors. The most of living donors underwent laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with manual assistance (70.8%).Results. After nephrectomy operations complications were not observed in donors, all patients were discharged in a satisfactory state on the 5th–8th postoperative day. The following complications were observed in recipients in the early postoperative period: acute tubular necrosis – 1, postoperative bleeding (retroperitoneal hematoma) – 2, lymphorrhagia – 2, urinary leakages – 2. One recipient was died in the late postoperative period after infection complications and the development of sepsis.Conclusions. Kidney transplantation is undoubtedly effective method for treating patients with terminal chronic kidney failure. The results of the initial experience of kidney transplantation in the Aktobe regional hospital of the Republic of Kazakhstan are not differ from the average results of leading domestic and other foreign transplant clinics

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its ‘Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles’, which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly