32 research outputs found
Higher derivative three-form gauge theories and their supersymmetric extension
We investigate three-form gauge theories with higher derivative interactions
and their supersymmetric extensions in four space-time dimensions. For the
bosonic three-form gauge theories, we show that derivatives on the field
strength of the 3-form gauge field yield a tachyon as far as the Lagrangian
contains a quadratic kinetic term, while such the term with opposite sign gives
rise to a ghost. We confirm that there is neither a tachyon nor a ghost when
all higher derivative terms are given by functions of the field strength. For
this ghost/tachyon-free Lagrangian, we determine the boundary term necessary
for the consistency between the equation of motion and energy-momentum tensor.
For supersymmetric extensions, we present ghost/tachyon-free higher derivative
interactions of arbitrary order of the field strength and corresponding
boundary terms as well.Comment: 46 pages; v2: references added, published versio
Spatially Modulated Vacua in a Lorentz-invariant Scalar Field Theory
Spatial modulation has been studied for a long time in condensed matter,
nuclear matter and quark matter, so far in non-relativistic field theories. In
this paper, spatially modulated vacua at zero temperature and zero density are
studied in relativistic field theories. We first propose an adaptation of the
Nambu-Goldstone theorem to higher derivative theories under the assumption of
the absence of ghosts: when a global symmetry is spontaneously broken due to
vacuum expectation values of space-time derivatives of fields, a
Nambu-Goldstone (NG) boson appears without a canonical kinetic (quadratic
derivative) term with a quartic derivative term in the modulated direction
while a Higgs boson appears with a canonical kinetic term. We demonstrate this
in a simple model allowing (meta)stable modulated vacuum of a phase modulation
(Fulde-Ferrell state), where an NG mode associated with spontaneously broken
translational and symmetries appears.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, title changed, published versio
Generalized chiral instabilities, linking numbers, and non-invertible symmetries
We demonstrate a universal mechanism of a class of instabilities in infrared
regions for massless Abelian -form gauge theories with topological
interactions, which we call generalized chiral instabilities. Such
instabilities occur in the presence of initial electric fields for the -form
gauge fields. We show that the dynamically generated magnetic fields tend to
decrease the initial electric fields and result in configurations with linking
numbers, which can be characterized by non-invertible global symmetries. The
so-called chiral plasma instability and instabilities of the axion
electrodynamics and -dimensional Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory in electric
fields can be described by the generalized chiral instabilities in a unified
manner. We also illustrate this mechanism in the -dimensional
Goldstone-Maxwell model in electric field.Comment: 38 pages, 9 figure