Wojskowa służba zdrowia Drugiej Rzeczpospolitej. Okręg Korpusu Wojska Polskiego nr IV Łódź

Celem niniejszej dysertacji było przedstawienie głównych aspektów wojskowej służby zdrowia w okresie Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej, przy szczególnym skoncentrowaniu badań na Okręgu Korpusu nr IV w Łodzi. Ze względu na podejmowany temat praca ma charakter interdyscyplinarny, jednak status medycyny w przyjętej metodzie badawczej ma charakter humanistyczny, a problemy wojskowej służby zdrowia ukazywane są za pomocą metod stosowanych w naukach historycznych. Dysertacja szczegółowo omawia Ministerstwo Spraw Wojskowych i umiejscawia w nim skomplikowane struktury wojskowo -medyczne. Analizuje najważniejsze aspekty wojskowej służby zdrowia II Rzeczpospolitej, takie jak: medyczne szkolnictwo, problemy zdrowotne żołnierzy Wojska Polskiego i ich leczenie, leczenie rodzin żołnierzy, czy też rola cywilnej służby zdrowia i Polskiego Czerwonego Krzyża w Wojsku Polskim. Dalsza część pracy, najbardziej obszerna, traktuje o wojskowej służbie zdrowia w Okręgu Korpusu Wojska Polskiego nr IV w Łodzi. Tematycznie nawiązuje do rozdziałów poprzednich, przez co problemy omawiane są od ogółu do szczegółu, dzięki czemu wytwarza się w pracy widoczny związek przyczynowo - skutkowy. Dysertacja zawiera liczne tabele, wykresy oraz mapy, które miały ułatwić zrozumienie poszczególnych zagadnień, a także miały wzbogacić wartość samej pracy

Microscopic fungi on Schoenoplectus lacustris in Płociczno and Płociowe lakes in Drawa National Park (northwest Poland)

In the period 2009–2011, the micromycetes causing symptoms on the leaves of Schoenoplectus lacustris (SL) from Płociczno and Płociowe lakes in Drawa National Park (DNP) were investigated. A total of 39 taxa of microscopic fungi and chromistan fungi were found. The taxonomic structure of the mycobiota was dominated by anamorphs of Ascomycota. In each year of the study, the SL fungal species richness was higher in Płociowe Lake than in Płociczno Lake. In all the years of study in both lakes, the fungal community on SL was composed of the following six dominant species: Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium herbarum, Fusarium incarnatum, F. sacchari, Gibberella avenacea, and Pleospora scirpicola. The species occurring exclusively in Płociczno Lake were Papulaspora immersa, Puccinia scirpi, and Trichothecium roseum, and those found only in Płociowe Lake were Acremoniella atra, Alternaria atra, Aspergillus niger, A. versicolor, Fusarium oxysporum, Gonatobotrys simplex, Massariosphaeria scirpina, Microascus brevicaulis, Penicillium chrysogenum, and Stagonospora aquatica. Only one confirmation of the occurrence of Puccinia scirpi and the lack of other specialized obligate parasites indicate the good health of SL in DNP. The facultative parasites, inter alia, Boeremia exigua, Chaetomium globosum, Fusarium culmorum, F. incarnatum, F. sacchari, Gibberella avenacea, and Stagonospora aquatica that are present on plants as part of the natural process of apoptosis may influence the health of SL

The issue of research methodology in historical and medical sciences – the problem of interdisciplinarity

Nowadays, interdisciplinary research is becoming more popular. With his problem has to face many researchers. The specificity of the test procedures across the various fields different from each other. There are ranges of research that are difficult to classify into one cognitive methods. As a PhD student of history at the University of Lodz, who wrote the work in the history of medicine in the military health care in the years 1918–1939, I encountered such a problem. Status of medicine in my research method is a humanist. I decided to your thoughts and experiences in the field of learning and research in these two areas to collect and present, as a single text in the form of a scientific paper. The term research methodology understand the science of measurement method occurring phenomena, which the researcher wants to measure. It is a certain set of rules on how to study, who examine, then examine where to study. The aim of the research is to develop a methodology for better and better ways of measuring / testing phenomena ongoing improvement. The better method is the more accurate test results are obtained. The key to a reliable measurement of the phenomenon of interest to us is the selection of appropriate research methods / techniques of measurement. Each branch of science has developed and are developing their own research methods, in order to best measure the phenomena of interest to them. The purpose of my paper is to present, differences and similarities in medical science research methodology and historical sciences. The appearance of a “human face medicine”. I want to show you how to: we historians perceive problems in medicine (medical history), and how we deal with science, which is considered to be close. Two seemingly different environments, and having a lot in common

Relationship Between Anti-DFS70 Autoantibodies and Oxidative Stress

Background: The anti-DFS70 autoantibodies are one of the most commonly and widely described agent of unknown clinical significance, frequently detected in healthy individuals. It is not known whether the DFS70 autoantibodies are protective or pathogenic. One of the factors suspected of inducing the formation of anti-DFS70 antibodies is increased oxidative stress. We evaluated the coexistence of anti-DFS70 antibodies with selected markers of oxidative stress and investigated whether these antibodies could be considered as indirect markers of oxidative stress. Methods: The intensity of oxidative stress was measured in all samples via indices of free-radical damage to lipids and proteins such as total oxidant status (TOS), concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides (LPH), lipofuscin (LPS), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The parameters of the non-enzymatic antioxidant system, such as total antioxidant status (TAS) and uric acid concentration (UA), were also measured, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Based on TOS and TAS values, the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. All samples were also tested with indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and 357 samples were selected for direct monospecific anti DFS70 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. Results:: The anti-DFS70 antibodies were confirmed by ELISA test in 21.29% of samples. Compared with anti-DFS70 negative samples we observed 23% lower concentration of LPH (P = .038) and 11% lower concentration of UA (P = .005). TOS was 20% lower (P = .014). The activity of SOD was up to 5% higher (P = .037). The Pearson correlation showed weak negative correlation for LPH, UA, and TOS and a weak positive correlation for SOD activity. Conclusion: In samples positive for the anti-DFS70 antibody a decreased level of oxidative stress was observed, especially in the case of samples with a high antibody titer. Anti-DFS70 antibodies can be considered as an indirect marker of reduced oxidative stress or a marker indicating the recent intensification of antioxidant processes