139 research outputs found
Roton dipole moment
The roton excitation in the superfluid He-4 does not possess a stationary
dipole moment. However, a roton has an instantaneous dipole moment, such that
at any given moment one can find it in the state either with positive or with
negative dipole moment projection on its momentum direction. The instantaneous
value of electric dipole moment of roton excitation is evaluated. The result is
in reasonable agreement with recent experimental observation of the splitting
of microwave resonance absorption line at roton frequency under external
electric field.Comment: 5 page
Intermittency as a universal characteristic of the complete chromosome DNA sequences of eukaryotes: From protozoa to human genomes
Large-scale dynamical properties of complete chromosome DNA sequences of
eukaryotes are considered. By the proposed deterministic models with
intermittency and symbolic dynamics we describe a wide spectrum of large-scale
patterns inherent in these sequences, such as segmental duplications, tandem
repeats, and other complex sequence structures. It is shown that the recently
discovered gene number balance on the strands is not of random nature, and a
complete chromosome DNA sequence exhibits the properties of deterministic
chaos.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
On the electric activity of superfluid systems
The Keldysh's theory of superfluidity of rarefied electron-hole gas is
generalized to a case of possible pair polarizability. It was shown that
inhomogeneity of the system leads to dipole moment which is proportional to the
density gradient. The dipole moment appears also near boundaries of the system.
It was determined that quantized vortices in a magnetic field carry a real
electric charge. In He II at H=10 T and helium rotation velocity
s the charge density is about cm, where is the
electron charge.Comment: 5 pages V. 2: replaced incorrect g valu
Some mechanisms of "spontaneous" polarization of superfluid He-4
Previously, a quantum "tidal" mechanism of polarization of the atoms of He-II
was proposed, according to which, as a result of interatomic interaction, each
atom of He-II acquires small fluctuating dipole and multipole moments, oriented
chaotically on the average. In this work, we show that, in the presence of a
temperature or density gradient in He-II, the originally chaotically oriented
tidal dipole moments of the atoms become partially ordered, which results in
volume polarization of He-II. It is found that the gravitational field of the
Earth induces electric induction U =10(-7)V in He-II (for vessel dimensions of
the order of 10 cm). We study also the connection of polarization and
acceleration, and discuss a possible nature of the electric signal dU = kdT/2e
observed by A.S. Rybalko in experiments with second sound.Comment: 13 pages; the calculation is extended and refined; v4: reconstructio
Theory of a Narrow roton Absorption Line in the Spectrum of a Disk-Shaped SHF Resonator
We calculate the probability of the birth of a circular phonon (c-phonon) in
He II by a c-photon of the resonator. It is shown that this probability has
sharp maxima at frequencies, where the effective group velocity of the c-phonon
is equal to zero; the density of states of c-phonons strongly grows at such
frequencies. For He II, these frequencies correspond to a roton and a maxon.
From the probability of the c-roton birth, we calculate the roto line width
which is found to approximately agree with the experimental one. We conclude
that the roton line observed in the super-high-frequency (SHF) absorption
spectrum of helium is related to the birth of c-rotons. A possible
interpretation of the Stark effect observed for the roton line is also
proposed.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure, v2: journal variant, several minor correction
On the mutual polarization of two He-4 atoms
We propose a simple method based on the standard quantum-mechanical
perturbation theory to calculate the mutual polarization of two atoms He^4.Comment: 9 pages, 1 table; the article is revised and the calculation is
essentially refined; v4: final version, the Introduction is delete
A search for disordered (glassy) phase in solid 3He deformed in situ
A disordered (glassy) state has been searched in solid 3He deformed in the
course of experiment employing precise measurements of pressure. The analysis
of the temperature dependence of the crystal pressure measured at a constant
volume shows that the main contribution to the pressure is made by the phonon
subsystem, the influence of the disordered phase being very weak. Annealing of
the deformed crystal does not affect this state. The results obtained differ
greatly from the corresponding data for solid 4He measured in the region of
supersolid effects where a pressure excessive in comparison to the phonon one
was registered. The excess pressure had a quadratic dependence on temperature,
which is typical of a disordered system. Absence of the excess pressure in
solid 3He is unclear yet, some speculative interpretations are suggested.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Measurements of the Complex Permittivity of Liquid Helium-4 in the Millimeter Wave Range by a Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator
We report experimental study of electrical properties of liquid helium-4 in the temperature range 1.2-3 K. The experiment is carried out in the millimeterwave range using a whispering-gallery-mode dielectric resonator, and the complex permittivity of liquid helium is extracted from the data using the resonant perturbation method. The results for temperature dependence of the dielectric constant are consistent with the previous studies. In addition, we find strong enhancement of the loss tangent around the superfluid transition temperature
- …