Diagnosis and treatment of inguinal-scrotal hernias in infants

Surgery for inguinal hernias takes first place and make up to 50% of all surgical procedures, and emergency surgery is in the second place after acute appendicitis. Aim. The purpose of the work is to improve the treatment of infants with congenital hernias. Methods and results. In the department of neonatal surgery of NCSH «OHMATDET» 290 patients with hernias were treated, they were divided into two subgroups: the main, born from 2004 to 2014 – (I) group – 196 (67.59%), and the control, born from 1992 to 2003 – (II) group – 94 (32.41%). The study included the following pathology: unilateral hernia – 194 (66.89%), bilateral hernia 36 (12.42%), strangulated hernia - 60 (20.69%). The age of patients ranged from one to three months. Results and discussion. In the (I) group 182 patients underwent ultrasound and Doppler examination, and the data were different in patients with free hernias and strangulated ones. In case of strangulated hernia there were acute circulatory disorders in the testis in 21 patients by 40-50% of normal, and blood flow was absent in 8 ones. Surgical treatment was individualized, and in 230 newborns it was carried out in a planned manner. 11 (3.79%) patients were treated laparoscopically. In strangulated hernia correction was performed without bowel resection in 52 cases, and resection of strangulated portion was carried out in 8 cases. All the children recovered, there was no hernia recurrence

Superconductivity in thin films of RuN

Superconductivity has been found in RuN films obtained by reactive magnetron sputtering. This is a novel member of the metal nitride superconductors family. The critical temperature of the superconducting transition varies depending on the substrate and ranges from 0.77 K to 1.29 K. The parameters of the crystal lattice of superconducting films have been determined: the lattice is distorted cubic with parameters $a = b = c = 4.5586$ \AA , $\alpha =\beta =\gamma =87.96^\circ$. A zero temperature upper critical magnetic field $H_{c2}(0)$ and the coherence length were found from the experimental data using WHH model. $H_{c2}(0) = 2.3$ T- 4.1 T for different substrates and exceeds the upper paramagnetic limit, as well as $\xi = 12$ nm. An s-wave single band energy gap $\Delta(0) = 0.19$ meV was revealed by self-field critical current experiment at temperatures down to 10 mK, $2\Delta /kT_c =5.5$ exceeding the BCS ratio 3.5.Comment: 10 pages, 16 figure

Interpolation Properties and SAT-based Model Checking

Craig interpolation is a widespread method in verification, with important applications such as Predicate Abstraction, CounterExample Guided Abstraction Refinement and Lazy Abstraction With Interpolants. Most state-of-the-art model checking techniques based on interpolation require collections of interpolants to satisfy particular properties, to which we refer as "collectives"; they do not hold in general for all interpolation systems and have to be established for each particular system and verification environment. Nevertheless, no systematic approach exists that correlates the individual interpolation systems and compares the necessary collectives. This paper proposes a uniform framework, which encompasses (and generalizes) the most common collectives exploited in verification. We use it for a systematic study of the collectives and of the constraints they pose on propositional interpolation systems used in SAT-based model checking

Generating Non-Linear Interpolants by Semidefinite Programming

Interpolation-based techniques have been widely and successfully applied in the verification of hardware and software, e.g., in bounded-model check- ing, CEGAR, SMT, etc., whose hardest part is how to synthesize interpolants. Various work for discovering interpolants for propositional logic, quantifier-free fragments of first-order theories and their combinations have been proposed. However, little work focuses on discovering polynomial interpolants in the literature. In this paper, we provide an approach for constructing non-linear interpolants based on semidefinite programming, and show how to apply such results to the verification of programs by examples.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figure

Microstructure and mechanical properties of AISi 304l austenitic stainless steel processed by various schedules of rolling

The paper studies various rolling schedules implemented at 500°С (incl. direct, reverse, and cross rolling) and their effect on the structure formation and mechanical properties in AISI 304L stainless steel samples. Both TEM and SEM research techniques were applied. An ultrafine grain-subgrain microstructure was found to be formed inside elongated original grains. Rolling-processed microstructural elements were close in their size with the minimum value observed after a reverse rolling (240 nm

Радикальная простатэктомия в России: особенности периоперационного ведения и нюансы технического исполнения

Despite constant improvements in radical prostatectomy technique, some questions on standardization of both perioperative management stages and surgical intervention itself remain.We conducted an anonymous online survey of 45 oncological urologists from 15 regions of the Russian Federation who are actively involved in the surgical treatment of patients with prostate cancer.According to the results of the survey, there is huge variability associated, to a great extent, with equipment availability in clinics and the lack of sufficient evidence-based information in some matters of perioperative management.A detailed study of each step of surgical treatment, clinical trials, and involvement of professional societies will contribute to the standardization of perioperative management of patients and radical prostatectomy technique. Несмотря на  продолжающееся совершенствование техники радикальной простатэктомии, все  еще есть ряд вопросов по стандартизации этапов периоперационного ведения пациентов и самого оперативного вмешательства. Мы   провели  анонимный онлайн-опрос  45  онкоурологов из  15  регионов  России, активно  занимающихся хирургическим лечением больных раком предстательной железы.По результатам анализа полученных данных выявлена значительная вариативность подходов, связанная в большей степени с техническими возможностями клиник и отсутствием в некоторых вопросах достаточной доказательной базы. Детальное изучение каждого этапа хирургического лечения, проведение клинических исследований с привлечением профессиональных ассоциаций будут способствовать унификации стандартного периоперационного ведения пациентов и техники радикальной простатэктомии

Intracellular Calcium Deficits in Drosophila Cholinergic Neurons Expressing Wild Type or FAD-Mutant Presenilin

Much of our current understanding about neurodegenerative diseases can be attributed to the study of inherited forms of these disorders. For example, mutations in the presenilin 1 and 2 genes have been linked to early onset familial forms of Alzheimer's disease (FAD). Using the Drosophila central nervous system as a model we have investigated the role of presenilin in one of the earliest cellular defects associated with Alzheimer's disease, intracellular calcium deregulation. We show that expression of either wild type or FAD-mutant presenilin in Drosophila CNS neurons has no impact on resting calcium levels but does give rise to deficits in intracellular calcium stores. Furthermore, we show that a loss-of-function mutation in calmodulin, a key regulator of intracellular calcium, can suppress presenilin-induced deficits in calcium stores. Our data support a model whereby presenilin plays a role in regulating intracellular calcium stores and demonstrate that Drosophila can be used to study the link between presenilin and calcium deregulation

The λ Red Proteins Promote Efficient Recombination between Diverged Sequences: Implications for Bacteriophage Genome Mosaicism

Genome mosaicism in temperate bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) is so great that it obscures their phylogeny at the genome level. However, the precise molecular processes underlying this mosaicism are unknown. Illegitimate recombination has been proposed, but homeologous recombination could also be at play. To test this, we have measured the efficiency of homeologous recombination between diverged oxa gene pairs inserted into λ. High yields of recombinants between 22% diverged genes have been obtained when the virus Red Gam pathway was active, and 100 fold less when the host Escherichia coli RecABCD pathway was active. The recombination editing proteins, MutS and UvrD, showed only marginal effects on λ recombination. Thus, escape from host editing contributes to the high proficiency of virus recombination. Moreover, our bioinformatics study suggests that homeologous recombination between similar lambdoid viruses has created part of their mosaicism. We therefore propose that the remarkable propensity of the λ-encoded Red and Gam proteins to recombine diverged DNA is effectively contributing to mosaicism, and more generally, that a correlation may exist between virus genome mosaicism and the presence of Red/Gam-like systems