Changes in the prevalence of atrial fibrillation in the Russian population over a 13-year follow-up

AIM: To study the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the Russian urban population cohort aged 45-69 years and its changes over 13-year follow-up during aging. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional long-term prospective study included random population sample of men and women 45-69 years (n=9360, HAPIEE project, Novosibirsk), which was examined in 2003-2005 and was re-examined twice and followed up for about 13±1,00 years in men and 13,1±2,17 years in women. The incidence of AF was assessed for individuals without AF or cardiovascular disease (CVD) at the baseline examination. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software package (v.13.0). RESULTS: In a population sample over a 13-year follow-up, AF prevalence increased from 1,6% (1,1% among women and 2,1% among men) at the age of 45-69 years to 4,2% (3,0% among women and 6,1% among men) aged 55-84 years according to screening rest ECG examinations. The prevalence of new AF cases over a 13-year followup in the cohort of 45-69 years old without previous CVD and AF was 5,6%, of which 40% were paroxysmal. The mean age at the time of first registered AF was 69±6,93 years, and was 2 years higher in women (70,0±6,83) than in men (68±6,93). The average period before the AF onset among people aged 45-69 years without baseline CVD and AF was 7,5±3,83 years for men and 8,1±4,02 years for women. The total prevalence of AF in the population sample was 8,3%. The highest AF prevalence was registered at the age of 65-69 years (11,4%) for men and 5 years later for women (12,0%) (p80 years decreased and amounted to 4,1% among men and 5,7% among women. CONCLUSION: In the Russian population sample (Novosibirsk) aged 45-69, the AF prevalence increased from 1,6 to 8,3% over 13 years of follow-up. In addition, 473 new AF cases were identified, ~40% of which were paroxysmal AF. The prevalence of AF in the Siberian population sample for the 45-60 years age group is comparable with the large Russian and North American studies, but higher for persons aged 60-74 years and lower for older age group, for both men and women

Ассоциации сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и сахарного диабета 2 типа с офтальмологическими заболеваниями в популяционной выборке старше 55 лет = Associations of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes with ophthalmic diseases in a population sample over 55 years old

Цель. Изучение ассоциаций сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и сахарного диабета 2 типа (СД-2) с офтальмологическими заболеваниями в популяционной выборке мужчин и женщин от среднего до старческого возраста (Новосибирск). / Материал и методы. Популяционная когорта исходно обследована в 2003-2005гг (n=9360, 45-69 лет, Новосибирск, проект HAPIEE (Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors in Eastern Europe). При повторном обследовании (2015-2017гг) в случайной подвыборке (n=1011) идентифицировали офтальмологические заболевания (ОЗ) — гипертоническую ретинопатию (ГР), диабетическую ретинопатию (ДР), катаракту, глаукому, возрастную макулярную дистрофию (ВМД), патологию оптического диска и другие ОЗ. / Результаты. Распространенность признаков ГР у лиц с артериальной гипертензии (АГ) и без АГ составила 81 и 46%, соответственно (p<0,001), ассоциация сохранялась независимо от других факторов, отношение шансов =2,27 (95% доверительный интервал: 1,78-4,17). Связи ВМД, катаракты и ДР с АГ в многофакторных моделях нивелировались и преимущественно объяснялись метаболическими факторами. У лиц с СД-2 чаще, чем без СД-2, встречались признаки ДР (9,3 vs 0,4%, p<0,001), ВМД (22 vs 17%, p=0,042) и глаукома (14 vs 7%, p=0,001); ассоциации СД-2 с ДР и глаукомой сохранялись независимо от других факторов. Шанс иметь признаки ГР у лиц с каротидным атеросклерозом (АСА) был выше в 1,6 раз, чем у лиц без АСА при поправке на пол, возраст и курение (p=0,013). / Заключение. В обследованной популяционной выборке преимущественно пожилого возраста выявили ряд ассоциаций между кардиометаболическими и распространенными ОЗ. Идентифицированные варианты коморбидности могут иметь важное лечебно-профилактическое применение в стареющей популяции. // Aim. To study associations of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes (T2D) with ophthalmic diseases in a population sample of men and women from middle to old age (Novosibirsk). / Material and methods. The population cohort was initially studied in 2003-2005 (n=9360, 45-69 years old, Novosibirsk, the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) project). At the second survey (2015-2017) in a random subsample (n=1011), the following ophthalmic diseases were identified: hypertensive retinopathy (HR), diabetic retinopathy (DR), cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), optic disc abnormalities, etc. / Results. The prevalence of HR signs in persons with and without hypertension (HTN) was 81 and 46%, respectively (p<0,001). This association persisted regardless of other factors (odds ratio, 2,27 (95% confidence interval: 1,78-4,17). The prevalence of AMD, cataract and DR increased in HTN, but associations were largely explained by metabolic factors in multivariate models. People with T2D more often than without T2D had signs of DR (9,3 vs 0,4%, p<0,001), AMD (22 vs 17%, p=0,042) and glaucoma (14 vs 7%, p=0,001). Associations of T2D with DR and glaucoma persisted regardless of other factors. Individuals with carotid atherosclerosis (CA) were 1,6 times more likely to have HR than those without CA when adjusted for sex, age, and smoking (p=0,013). / Conclusion. In the surveyed population sample of mainly elderly people, a number of associations between cardiometabolic and common ophthalmic diseases were revealed. The identified comorbidities may have important therapeutic and prophylactic applications in an aging population