Склерозирующая мукоэпидермоидная карцинома щитовидной железы на фоне аутоиммунного тиреоидита

Background. Sclerosing mucoepidermoid thyroid carcinoma (SMTC) is a recently recognized malignant neoplasm of the thyroid. SMTC was frst reported in 1991. It arises in a background of Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). There are two variants of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of thyroid gland: the conventional and sclerosing variants. SMTC has recently been recognized as a separate disease entity by World Health Organization (WHO). Description of the clinical case. We present the case of a 51-year-old woman with a 2-year history of autoimmune thyroiditis with a thyroid nodule. The patient had no symptoms or signs of compression. The level of thyroid–stimulating hormone (TSH) was 15.8 (range 0.4-4.0), antibodies to peroxidase: 150 Iu/ml. Scintigraphy of the thyroid gland revealed a dominant cold nodule (1.5×2 cm) in the right lobe of the gland. The control ultrasound examination showed negative fndings. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the nodule revealed follicular lesion in a background of TH. Extrafascial thyroidectomy was performed. The patient was followed up for 10 months.Актуальность. Склерозирующая мукоэпидермоидная карцинома щитовидной железы (СМКЩЖ) является недавно признанным злокачественным новообразованием щитовидной железы. Впервые о СМКЩЖ сообщили в 1991 г. Этот тип опухоли может развиться в связи с тиреоидитом Хашимото (ТХ). Существуют два варианта мукоэпидермоидной карциномы щитовидной железы – обычный и склерозирующий. СМКЩЖ недавно была признана ВОЗ отдельным заболеванием. Цель исследования – презентация клинического случая: пациентка после оперативного лечения с диагнозом склерозирующая мукоэпидермоидная карцинома щитовидной железы на фоне аутоиммунного тиреодита. Описание клинического случая. Пациентка, 51 года, наблюдалась в течение 2 лет. По результатам лабораторного и инструментального обследования у нее был уставлен диагноз аутоиммунного тиреодита с узлообразованием. У пациентки не было симптомов компрессии шеи. Уровень тиреотропного гормона (ТТГ) составлял 15,8 (диапазон 0,4–4,0), антитела к пероксидазе (АТ-ТПО) – 150 Ме/мл. При сцинтиграфии щитовидной железы выявлен доминирующий холодный узел (1,5×2 см) в правой доле. При контрольном ультразвуковом исследовании шеи отмечена отрицательная динамика, при тонкоигольной аспирационной биопсии получена фолликулярная опухоль на фоне ТХ, что послужило поводом к экстрафасциальной тиреодэктомии. Пациентка находится под динамическим наблюдением в течение 10 мес

Improved precision of virtual height measurements with coherent radio pulse sounding based on the maximum likelihood method

The paper describes a new technique that improves precision of the virtual height measurements by a coherent pulse sounding of the ionosphere. Proposed technique is based on the method of maximum likelihood that matches expected and observed spectral domain signatures of the signal intermixed with the noise. Computer simulations show that our technique allows measurements of the echo virtual height with ∼100 m precision even at a much coarser step of the height sampling in the sounder. In experiment, we expect an average 300 m precision of the virtual height measurements for single echoes received during periods of little spread due to ionospheric irregularities. © 2008 COSPAR

Mechanisms of limitation and nature of field dependence of critical current in HTS epitaxial YBaCuO films

Magnetic field and temperature dependencies of the critical current density, J/sub c/(H/spl par/c, T) were measured by SQUID-magnetometry, ac magnetic susceptibility, and dc transport current techniques in the single-crystalline epitaxially-grown by off-axis dc magnetron sputtering YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// (YBCO) films with J/sub c/(H/spl par/c, 77 K) /spl ges/ 2 /spl middot/ 10/sup 6/ A/cm/sup 2/. The mechanism of vortex depinning from growth-induced linear defects, i.e., out-of-plane edge dislocations in low-angle tilt domain boundaries, is shown to describe quantitatively measured J/sub c/(H/spl par/c, T). The developed model takes into account a statistical distribution of the dislocation domain boundaries ordered in a network as well as the interdislocation spacing within boundaries. Actual structural features of YBCO film known from HREM data turn out to be extracted from J/sub c/(H/spl par/c, T)-curves by a fitting procedure within the proposed model

The problem of off label drug use in pediatrics: pediatricians and parents survey results

LLC Novartis Pharma, Moscow, Russian Federation Abstract. The problem of off-label use is still unsolved during the pharmacotherapy in children. In connection with the above, the need to stimulate the conduct of specially organized clinical studies, the purpose of which will be to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using drugs in children in different age groups, becomes evident. However the complexity of the organization of clinical studies in pediatrics is associated not only with regulatory aspects but also with lack of understanding of the importance of these studies by pediatricians and parents. The authors conducted a study aimed at finding out the frequency of off-label prescriptions in the Russian Federation in pediatric practice and doctors’ and parents’ attitude to this kind of use of medications. The study has shown the evidence that the off-label prescription practice is widely-used in healthcare in Russia and is routine for most respondents. The highest frequency of off-label prescriptions is observed in the group of children from 0 to 5 years. The majority of physicians and parents don’t consider themselves responsible for popularization of clinical trials which indicates that this problem should be widely discussed in the society. Parents trust physicians in terms of therapy choices or their recommendations regarding participation in clinical trials. A portrait of a typical “staunch opponent” of clinical trials among parents

Adsorption Properties of Bentonite with In Situ Immobilized Polyaniline Towards Anionic Forms of Cr(VI), Mo(VI), W(VI), V(V)

A new composite material bentonite-PANI was synthesized by in situ immobilization of polyaniline (PANI) on the surface of natural mineral bentonite. It was established as a result of the modification of bentonite a surface area and an interlayer distance of mineral decrease and particles of bentonite transformed of irregular shape with different porosity on irregularly shaped particles of smaller size. It has been found that the total Cr(VI) ions extraction took place under the acid conditions (pH=1 – 2) and W(VI) ions have been well adsorbed in the pH range from 1 to 8 by the composite bentonite-PANI unlike the initial mineral. Whereas adsorption of oxo anions of V(V) and Mo(VI) made up some 50%. It is proved that the in situ immobilization of bentonite by polyaniline leads to increasing the value of adsorption capacity towards the investigated ions compared with the initial mineral. It was established that the adsorption properties of the synthesized composite with respect to the studied oxo ions were worse than the adsorption properties of composite vermiculite-PANI, similar to the composite Sokyryntsyy clinoptilolite-PANI and better than composites of polyaniline with Podilskyy saponite and Karelian shungite.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.22.2.6976</p

Apolipoprotein A-I increases the activity of lysosomal glycosidases in the liver of mice with BCG-induced tuberculosis inflammation

This work shows the ability of apolipoprotein A-I to influence the activity of lysosomal glycosidases in the liver of mice in a model of BCG-induced tuberculous inflammation. The aim of the investigation was to study the activity of lysosomal glycosidases in the liver of mice using a model of BCG-induced tuberculous inflammation after intravenous administration of apolipoprotein A-I. Material and methods. The studies were performed on male CBA mice weighing 20-22 g. Disseminated tuberculous inflammation was modeled by a single intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 mg of BCG vaccine. The activity of lysosomal glycosidases was assessed spectrofluorimetrically by the content of hydrolysis products of the corresponding fluorogenic substrates. Results. Tuberculous inflammation led to a pronounced decrease in the activity of lysosomal glycosidases in the liver. Thus, β-galactosidase was decreased 2.3 times, β-glucosidase – 2.8 times, β-glucuronidase – 2.5 times compared with healthy animals. Intravenous injection of apolipoprotein A-I to animals against the background of BCG infection prevented a significant decrease in the enzymatic activity of glycosidases and these values practically did not differ from the control values. Conclusions. Enzymatic activity of lysosomal glycosidases in the group of mice with intravenous administration of apolipoprotein A-I against the background of BCG infection was 1.5–2 times higher than the corresponding indicators in the group of animals with BCG-infection without administration of apolipoprotein A-I, i.e. without treatment

Acute diseases of the scrotum in newborn infantsand children of the first year of life

The article presents the results of a retrospective analysis of the treatment of 64 newborns and infants with acute diseases of the scrotal organ received by the department of surgery of the newborn Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital №1 of Yekaterinburg from 2007 to 2017. The structure of acute diseases of the scrotum organs in infants, the features of the clinic, specialized assistance. The most significant factors were identified, and risk groups were identified. It is established that the intrauterine testicle is the largest risk group.В статье представлены результаты ретроспективного анализа лечения 64 новорожденных и детей грудного возраста с острыми заболеваниями органов мошонки, поступивших в отделение хирургии новорожденных ОДКБ № 1 г. Екатеринбурга с 2007-го до 2017 год. Проанализированы структура острых заболеваний органов мошонки у детей раннего возраста, особенности клиники, сроки оказания специализированной помощи. Определены наиболее значимые факторы, выделены группы риска. Установлено, что внутриутробный заворот яичка составляет наибольшую группу риска

Медуллярный рак щитовидной железы в сочетании с аутоиммунным тиреоидитом после перенесенного COVID-19

Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic of the new millennium. COVID-19 can cause both pulmonary and systemic infammation, and can rapidly progress to multiple organ failure. Data on the relationship between COVID-19 and the thyroid gland have been available since March 2020. The thyroid gland and viral infection as well as associated infammatory-immune reactions participate in a complex interaction. The most common autoimmune disease is chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, Hashimoto thyroiditis). The majority of medullary thyroid cancers present as a thyroid nodule. Cervical lymph nodes and distant metastases are often detected at the time of diagnosis. The development of autoantibodies may be part of a more complex protective antitumor mechanism, the purpose of which is to eliminate the precursors of future tumor cells.The purpose of the study was to describe a clinical case of diagnosing medullary thyroid cancer in the patient who had COVID-19.Case description. We present the case of a 43-year-old woman who had coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), which was accompanied by an increase in serum procalcitonin (PC) level, which required additional examination. Since 2020, she had been observed for autoimmune thyroiditis, which was manifested by a thyroid nodular of a small size. After discharge from the COVID hospital, an ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland revealed an increase in the left lobe thyroid nodule up to 15 mm. The level of calcitonin was 681 pg/ml. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of the thyroid gland showed suspicion for medullary thyroid cancer. Thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection (level VI) was performed. A planned histological examination of the surgical specimen confrmed medullary thyroid cancer.Conclusion. In the present clinical case, medullary thyroid cancer was detected in the patient who had COVID-19 with elevated PC level, which was the basis for a diagnostic search.Актуальность. Коронавирусная болезнь 2019 г. (COVID-19) – пандемия нового тысячелетия. COVID-19 может вызвать как легочное, так и системное воспаление, потенциально определяя полиорганную дисфункцию. Данные о взаимосвязи между COVID-19 и щитовидной железой (ЩЖ) появляются с марта 2020 г. Щитовидная железа и вирусная инфекция, а также связанные с ней воспалительно-иммунные реакции находятся в сложном взаимодействии. Наиболее часто встречаемым аутоимунным заболеванием ЩЖ является хронический аутоиммунный тиреоидит (АИТ) (хронический лимфоцитарный тиреоидит, тиреоидит Хашимото). Медуллярный рак щитовидной железы (МРЩЖ) обнаруживают в виде узелка щитовидной железы. На момент постановки диагноза часто выявляются шейные лимфатические узлы и отдаленные метастазы. Развитие аутоантител может быть частью более сложного защитного противоопухолевого механизма, целью которого является устранение предшественников будущих опухолевых клеток.Цель исследования: представлен клинический случай диагностики медуллярного рака щитовидной железы после перенесенного COVID-19.Описание клинического случая. Пациентка 43 лет, переболевшая коронавирусной пневмонией (COVID-19), на фоне которой отмечался повышенный уровень сывороточного прокальцитонина (ПК), что явилось основанием для дополнительного обследования. Из анамнеза: с 2020 г. наблюдается по поводу АИТ, который проявлялся узловым образованием щитовидной железы небольшого размера. При обследовании после выписки из COVID-стационара выполнено УЗИ ЩЖ, при котором выявлено увеличение размеров узла в левой доле до 15 мм, уровень кальцитонина – 681 пг/мл. При тонкоигольной аспирационной биопсии ЩЖ: подозрение на медуллярный рак ЩЖ. В плановом порядке выполнена тиреоидэктомия с центральной лимфаденэктомией (VI зона). При гистологическом исследовании операционного материала подтвержден медуллярный рак щитовидной железы.Заключение. В представленном клиническом случае медуллярный рак щитовидной железы выявлен после перенесенного COVID-19 с повышенным уровнем сывороточного прокальцитонина, что явилось основанием для диагностического поиска