AN ISSUE OF INTELLIGENT ROAD TRANSPORT IN KAZAKHSTAN

The article reviewed the road transport sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan and found a significant role in ensuring road transport of freight and passengers. Shown needs to improve the work of transport-communication complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the basis of using the latest information and communication technologies. Described advantages of realization of several intellectual transport technologies. Presented modern level of using satellite navigational systems on the automobiles, in addition written some automation and informational aspects of controlling transport processes. Also presented measures to solve technological rearmament problem of the Republic of Kazakhstan

DEVELOPING ELECTROSTATIC METHOD OF LIQUID MEDIUM DISPERSION

Subject: the paper considers the development of a method for liquid media dispersion using a high-potential electrostatic field. The existing methods for dispersing liquid media used in industry nowadays have both a number of advantages and disadvantages, the main ones being: the heterogeneity of the particles in size and the increased energy costs for the dispersion process. The analysis of literature sources has shown that with regard to the dispersion of food products during the drying process, the electrostatic dispersion method has encouraging results. This induces great interest in approbation of the electrostatic dispersion method for a wide range of substances, as applied to other industries. To assess the potential of this method, experimental studies were carried out on the dispersion of liquids with electrically conducting, semiconducting and dielectric properties. Research objectives: obtain dependence of dispersity of spray (with an average diameter of droplets) on flow rate and voltage of the high-voltage power supply unit. Materials and methods: to achieve the goal, an experimental device was developed consisting of several functional blocks that allow us to change the flow rate of the medium being atomized, as well as the intensity and geometry of the electrostatic field. During development of the experimental device, in order to select the main equipment, the voltage outputted by the high-voltage power supply unit, as well as its power, were estimated. The results of the experiments (dispersion process) were recorded using digital photo equipment, which allowed us to determine the sizes of the dispersion particles on the basis of their comparison with the reference value. Results: it has been experimentally confirmed that the electrostatic dispersion method makes it possible to obtain a spray with predefined dispersity parameters at high degree of homogeneity. Conclusions: the experiments confirmed the working capacity of the given method of liquid medium dispersion. As a result of processing of the experimental data, a range of voltages was determined at which the change in the dispersity is the most intense. The obtained data form the basis for the development of dispersion devices for various industries

Decarbonizing the heating supply of an urban district in Kazakhstan

A major contribution to our society’s environmental impact lies in meeting the energy needs of buildings, specifically in areas where the supply of such commodities is based on high carbon-emitting fossil fuels (oil/coal). This study analyses a mixed-use urban district situated in Kazakhstan. The district features a set of households together with three schools, a hospital, and several office buildings. The heating energy needs of the city are currently entirely met by coal-fired solutions; thus, this study wishes to investigate the feasibility of novel more sustainable technological approaches. A set of scenarios is modeled by means of the EnergyPLAN analysis tool where the technical feasibility of a district heating network is analyzed in combination with both greener fossil fired solutions and renewables

System of quality indicators and the methodology of evaluation of the housing and communal service of the population

Developed a set-theoretic model of the problem of assessing the quality of housing and communal services population, which allows to determine the necessary components and characteristics involved in the formulation of the problem, forming the input data. For resolving the problem of redundancy of indicators to assess the quality of a procedure was developed to identify a minimum set of indicators. A procedure of the analysis of cognitive maps, including recommendations on elimination of redundant indicators

STUDY OF ELECTROSTATIC DISPERSION

The article deals with the problems of studying the process of dispersing liquid fuel and water-fuel emulsions, in particular the characteristics of the dispersed spray in high-potential electrostatic fields. The paper deals with the development of a research method for disperse characteristics of liquid fuels, in particular, the changes in the diameter of the spray particles of liquid fuels and water-fuel emulsions based on them, depending on the intensity of high-grade electrostatic field. These studies are relevant in the creation of new devices based on new dispersion, which are not currently used for fuel atomization and combustion devices, in particular based on the electrostatic dispersion. The currently available methods for assessing dispersion are based on the evaluation of the particle diameter, which are formed by dispersing (particle breakage) of the liquid fuel. The views expressed in the course of the study suggest that the dependence of the particle diameter from the electrostatic field can be estimated not only in case of the destruction of the particles (dispersion), but also in case of the formation (growth) of drops during the expiration of the capillary. In order to confirm the provisions the authors developed the installation and technique to study the changes in the dispersion in dependence with the voltage value of high potential electrostatic field. The results of experimental studies are presented and experimental graphics are built for F5 bunker fuel and water-oil emulsions with different concentrations based on it. On the basis of the experimental data processed by correlation analysis method the authors obtained the mathematical model of diameter changes of the particles under the influence of an electrostatic field, which corresponds to the theory of electrostatic dispersion. The developed technique greatly simplifies the determination of the disperse characteristics of liquid fuel in case of electro-static dispersion

AN ISSUE OF INTELLIGENT ROAD TRANSPORT IN KAZAKHSTAN

The article reviewed the road transport sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan and found a significant role in ensuring road transport of freight and passengers. Shown needs to improve the work of transport-communication complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the basis of using the latest information and communication technologies. Described advantages of realization of several intellectual transport technologies. Presented modern level of using satellite navigational systems on the automobiles, in addition written some automation and informational aspects of controlling transport processes. Also presented measures to solve technological rearmament problem of the Republic of Kazakhstan

INVESTIGATION OF PROCESSES OF WATER CONSUMPTION BY NATURAL REEDS AND DEVELOPMENT ON ITS BASIS OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE PROCESS

Subject: the article considers the possibility of using wild-growing reeds as an effective heat-insulating material in the construction of buildings for various purposes. The main advantages and disadvantages of reeds are analyzed, and it is shown that according to the thermo-technical characteristics cane can be used effectively as a heat-insulating material. Since the thermal conductivity (thermal resistance) of hygroscopic heat-insulating materials depends on their moisture content, a series of experiments was conducted to assess the moisture saturation of natural reeds under conditions of high air humidity. The obtained results were processed to obtain mathematical models for consumption of moisture by reeds during the material exploitation. Research objectives: creation of a mathematical model for calculating the moisture consumption parameters of reed stalks at high humidity parameters of the ambient air. Materials and methods: to achieve the goal, an experimental plant was developed for moistening the reed stalks, in which the samples were kept for several days. Three types of reed stalks were selected: stems with a length of 70 mm and an average diameter of 10 mm: 1 - without leaves; 2 - with leaves along the entire length of the cane; 3 - with leaves and nodal septa. Laboratory samples were brought to the state of their natural weight in the author-developed chamber with infrared heaters in the medium of calcined calcium chloride to absorb the moisture. After conducting the experiments, the moistened reed was weighed to determine the moisture saturation. Results: it has been experimentally confirmed that the curves of moisture saturation of reeds have a nonlinear character. The rate of water absorption in the first two days was 7.9 % for the first type, 8.7 % for the second type and 9.8 % for the third type of reeds. After the first two days the rate of water absorption decreased and after eight days (168 hours) was 15.6 % for samples of the first type, 15.9 % for the second type, and 16.3 % for the third type. Over the next ten days (240 hours), the change in the moisture content of the samples remained practically unchanged and amounted to 16.1 % for the samples of the first kind, 16.6 % for the second type, and 17.3 % for the third type. Conclusions: graphic dependencies of the moisture saturation of reeds on duration of exposure to wet media are obtained; limiting values of moisture content for natural reeds are determined on the basis of experiments; mathematical dependencies of moisture saturation on time are obtained, which can be considered as mathematical models for humidity consumption by natural reeds