Isotopic and isotonic effects in fission-fragment mass yields of actinide nuclei

AbstractFission-fragment mass distributions for the target nuclei 232Th, 233,235,236,238U, 238,239,240,242Pu, and 244Cm have been measured at an incident proton energy Ep=10.3 MeV, and proton and neutron-number distributions of the fragments have been deduced on the basis of the unchanged-charge-density assumption. It was revealed that the shape of the mass distribution in asymmetric fission strongly depends on the proton number of the compound nucleus and shows only a weak dependence on neutron numbers. It was shown that for nuclei with equal ZCN the asymmetric fission-fragment charge distributions practically coincide, i.e., they are almost independent on NCN. Moreover, for nuclei with equal NCN from isotonic pairs with NCN=144,146, and 148 the fragment neutron-number distributions vary with a change of ZCN. This behaviour of the mass, charge and neutron-number distributions is an evidence for the determinative influence of proton shells on the formation of fragments in asymmetric fission of actinide nuclei

Fission of heavy and superheavy nuclei at low excitation energies

This paper studies comprehensive research through qualitative interviews conducted in Malaysia with SME heads and students about their representations of Information and Communication Technology