Development of Analytical Method for Finding the High Risk Collision Areas

The traffic condition has been analyzed by models that are based on Gas model and Obstacle Zone by Target (OZT) by using 1 year AIS data for Tsunami measure. By applying Gas model based method, it is possible to analyze the area in terms of ships’ relative angle, size, speed and density. The OZT is originally developed to show the collision zone on the target ship’s course. By using this method to the marine traffic analysis, high possibility of collision areas are estimated. Moreover, ships that courses are heading to OZT are identified and studied their position and how long they proceed course heading to OZT

STING signalling is terminated through ESCRT-dependent microautophagy of vesicles originating from recycling endosomes

STING炎症シグナルの終結分子機構 --新規細胞内分解システムの発見--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-03-14.Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is essential for the type I interferon response against a variety of DNA pathogens. Upon emergence of cytosolic DNA, STING translocates from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi where STING activates the downstream kinase TBK1, then to lysosome through recycling endosomes (REs) for its degradation. Although the molecular machinery of STING activation is extensively studied and defined, the one underlying STING degradation and inactivation has not yet been fully elucidated. Here we show that STING is degraded by the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT)-driven microautophagy. Airyscan super-resolution microscopy and correlative light/electron microscopy suggest that STING-positive vesicles of an RE origin are directly encapsulated into Lamp1-positive compartments. Screening of mammalian Vps genes, the yeast homologues of which regulate Golgi-to-vacuole transport, shows that ESCRT proteins are essential for the STING encapsulation into Lamp1-positive compartments. Knockdown of Tsg101 and Vps4, components of ESCRT, results in the accumulation of STING vesicles in the cytosol, leading to the sustained type I interferon response. Knockdown of Tsg101 in human primary T cells leads to an increase the expression of interferon-stimulated genes. STING undergoes K63-linked ubiquitination at lysine 288 during its transit through the Golgi/REs, and this ubiquitination is required for STING degradation. Our results reveal a molecular mechanism that prevents hyperactivation of innate immune signalling, which operates at REs

J-PARC E19 Experiment: Pentaquark Θ+ Search in Hadronic Reaction at J-PARC

A search for the Θ^+ pentaquark in the $\pi ^{ - }p \to K^{ - }X$ reaction was performed at the J-PARC Hadron Facility. Two data samples were collected in 2010 and 2012 at π beam momenta of 1.92 and 2.0 GeV/c, respectively. No peak structure was observed in the missing mass spectra obtained from either data set. The upper limit for the production cross section averaged over the scattering-angle range of 2° to 15° in the laboratory frame was found to be 0.28 µb/sr. The decay width of the Θ^+ can be directly connected to the production cross section through a theoretical calculation using an effective Lagrangian. The estimated upper limits of the width were 0.41 and 2.8 MeV for the spin-parities of 1/2^+ and 1/2^−, respectively