घuसना — to sneak in

The verb घuसना is so articulate as to be almost a one-word justification for learning Hindi. Its range of meanings, or rather its suggestions and attitudes, is a real challenge for lexicographers, whose various glosses can only hint at what घuसना has to say.Asian Studie

तनाव — tension

There’s maybe just enough time to write this note before the English loanword !"शन completely ousts the fine word तनाव from Hindi usage! The two words are in fact related to each other, which may account for the…er…tension between them.Asian Studie

A proof of P!=NP

We show that it is provable in PA that there is an arithmetically definable sequence $\{\phi_{n}:n \in \omega\}$ of $\Pi^{0}_{2}$-sentences, such that - PRA+$\{\phi_{n}:n \in \omega\}$ is $\Pi^{0}_{2}$-sound and $\Pi^{0}_{1}$-complete - the length of $\phi_{n}$ is bounded above by a polynomial function of $n$ with positive leading coefficient - PRA+$\phi_{n+1}$ always proves 1-consistency of PRA+$\phi_{n}$. One has that the growth in logical strength is in some sense "as fast as possible", manifested in the fact that the total general recursive functions whose totality is asserted by the true $\Pi^{0}_{2}$-sentences in the sequence are cofinal growth-rate-wise in the set of all total general recursive functions. We then develop an argument which makes use of a sequence of sentences constructed by an application of the diagonal lemma, which are generalisations in a broad sense of Hugh Woodin's "Tower of Hanoi" construction as outlined in his essay "Tower of Hanoi" in Chapter 18 of the anthology "Truth in Mathematics". The argument establishes the result that it is provable in PA that $P \neq NP$. We indicate how to pull the argument all the way down into EFA