Forty-three years of absolute gravity observations of the Fennoscandian postglacial rebound in Finland

Postglacial rebound in Fennoscandia causes striking trends in gravity measurements of the area. We present time series of absolute gravity data collected between 1976 and 2019 on 12 stations in Finland with different types of instruments. First, we determine the trends at each station and analyse the effect of the instrument types. We estimate, for example, an offset of 6.8 μgal for the JILAg-5 instrument with respect to the FG5-type instruments. Applying the offsets in the trend analysis strengthens the trends being in good agreement with the NKG2016LU_gdot model of gravity change. Trends of seven stations were found robust and were used to analyse the stabilization of the trends in time and to determine the relationship between gravity change rates and land uplift rates as measured with global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) as well as from the NKG2016LU_abs land uplift model. Trends calculated from combined and offset-corrected measurements of JILAg-5- and FG5-type instruments stabilized in 15 to 20 years and at some stations even faster. The trends of FG5-type instrument data alone stabilized generally within 10 years. The ratio between gravity change rates and vertical rates from different data sets yields values between − 0.206 ± 0.017 and − 0.227 ± 0.024 µGal/mm and axis intercept values between 0.248 ± 0.089 and 0.335 ± 0.136 µGal/yr. These values are larger than previous estimates for Fennoscandia

Unmanned Aircraft Systems - Education Activities in Finland, UCNDrone Perspective

Non peer reviewe

Kalatien tai luonnonmukaisen ohitusuoman tilaajana toimiminen : Kokemuksia ja vinkkejä käytännöistä

Tämä raportti on osa FRESHABIT LIFE IP –projektia, joka on Suomen suurin sisävesien suojeluprojekti. Projektissa rakennetaan kalateitä, elvytetään jokihelmisimpukan kantoja sekä kunnostetaan puroja, jokia, järviä, kosteikkoja ja soita. Yhteensä FRESHABIT- projektissa rakennetaan kuusi kalatietä ja poistetaan yksi pato. Kalateiden rakentaminen on paikallisille toimijoille usein ainutkertainen tapahtuma, jossa joutuu toimimaan omien rutiinitehtäviensä ulkopuolella. Tähän raporttiin on kerätty rakentamisesta saatuja kokemuksia avuksi tuleville kalatie-hankkeille. Raportin pohjana ovat FRESHABIT LIFE IP –hankkeiden kokemusten lisäksi Kymijoen Korkeakosken rakentamiskokemuksista laadittu ohje. Raportissa käydään läpi kalateiden rakentamiseen liittyviä yleisiä asioita, ja seikkaperäisesti läpi suunnittelu, rakentamis- ja seurantavaiheet. Eri kohteista saatuja kokemuksia kuvataan tekstilaatikoihin koottuihin esimerkkeihin. Huomiota kiinnitetään erityisesti siihen, mitä hankkeessa tulisi ottaa huomioon välttääkseen viivästyksiä ja kustannusten nousua. Kustannusten huomattava nousu yleissuunnitelmasta lopullisen kalatien hintaan oli yhteistä lähes kaikille hankkeille ja tähän johtaneisiin syihin tulisi kiinnittää tulevissa hankkeissa huomiota

Congenital nephrotic syndrome

Congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) is a rare kidney disorder characterized by heavy proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, and edema starting soon after birth. The majority of cases are caused by genetic defects in the components of the glomerular filtration barrier, especially nephrin and podocin. CNS may also be a part of a more generalized syndrome or caused by a perinatal infection. Immunosuppressive medication is not helpful in the genetic forms of CNS, and kidney transplantation is the only curative therapy. Before the operation, management of these infants largely depends on the magnitude of proteinuria. In severe cases, daily albumin infusions are required to prevent life-threatening edema. The therapy also includes hypercaloric diet, thyroxin and mineral substitution, prevention of thrombotic episodes, and prompt management of infectious complications. The outcome of CNS patients without major extrarenal manifestations is comparable with other patient groups after kidney transplantation

Designing educational game experiences for k12 students in context of informal Minecraft club

In current times schools are facing new kind of problem. Students are physically present but their minds are wondering. To answer this problem teachers have searched new ways to inspire students to learn. Many teacher believes that video games could be the answer to this problem. This design based research goes in detail how Minecraft learning areas were created and made better during one school’s afternoon club. Research questions for this thesis were: 1.) How iteratively design learning areas for the Minecraft club? 2.) How did design of the learning areas change during the Minecraft club? 3.) Were there a change in test performance at the end of the club compared to start of the club? This afternoon Minecraft club was held once in every week for 8 weeks and in it there were 16 participants aged between 10 and 12. Researchers would create new learning area in the game world every week and students would play through it. After the club meeting researchers reflected upon the results and decided if there was need for change. Every learning area had its own theme and it was used to teach students topic from the Finnish curriculum. In the results it was discovered that Minecraft learning areas had positive effect for most students test performance. This test performance was measured with pre-club and post-club conceptual tests. The design of the learning areas changed much during the Minecraft club and reason for this change was mostly student behavior and researcher’s attempt the counteract it. Researcher found a model which allowed them to iteratively develop the learning areas. This was a cyclical process which kept going for the whole 8 weeks. In the week 7 design was perfected for this club. The turtle world is the fines specimen of the results. In it crystalizes whole of the development which was done during the Minecraft-club.Nykyajan koulut kohtaavat uuden ongelman. Oppilaat ovat fyysisesti läsnä mutta henkisesti he ovat muualla. Vastatakseen tähän ongelmaan opettajat ovat etsineet uusia keinoja innostaa oppilaita oppimaan. Moni opettaja uskookin, että video pelit voisivat olla vastaus tähän ongelmaan. Tämä kehittämistutkimus menee yksityiskohtiin siitä, että kuinka Minecraftissa olevia oppimisalueita rakennettiin ja kehitettiin koulun iltapäiväkerhon kontekstissa. Tämän pro gradun tutkimuskysymykset ovat: 1.) How to iteratively design learning areas for the Minecraft club? 2.) How did the design of the learning areas change during the Minecraft club? 3.) Were there change in test performance at the end of the club compared to start of the club? Tämä Minecraft iltapäiväkerho pidettiin kerran viikossa kahdeksan viikon ajan ja kerhoon osallistui 16 oppilasta ikäväliltä 10–12. Tutkijat rakensivat jokaiselle viikolle uuden oppimisalueen peli maailmaan ja oppilaat pelasivat kerhokerroilla tämän oppimisalueen läpi. Jokaisella oppimisalueella oli oma teemansa ja sillä yritettiin opettaa oppilaille aiheita perusopetuksen opetussuunnitelmasta. Tutkimuksessa saatiin selville, että Minecraft oppimisalueet vaikuttivat positiivisesti oppilaiden koe suoriutumiseen. Tämä mitattiin käsitekokeilla jotka oppilaat tekivät ensimmäisellä ja viimeiselle kerho kerralla. Oppimisalueet muuttuivat paljon Minecraft kerhon aikana ja syy näihin muutoksiin oli enimmäkseen oppilaiden toiminta. Tutkijat löysivät mallin jolla he pystyivät kehittämään oppimisalueita iteratiivisesti. Tämä malli oli syklinen prosessi joka jatkui 8 viikon ajan. Seitsemännellä viikolla oppimisalueiden suunnittelu saavutti huippunsa. The Turtle world oli paras esimerkki tutkimuksen tuloksista. Tähän oppimisalueeseen kiteytyy koko kerhon aikana tapahtunut kehitystyö

New Tidal Analysis of Superconducting Gravimeter Records at Metsähovi, Finland

Superconducting gravimeters are the most sensitive instruments for monitoring gravitational changes. At the Metsähovi Geodetic Research Station in southern Finland, a superconducting gravimeter has been operating since 1994. It can be used to monitor crustal loading effects affecting the other geodetic measurements made at the station. Gravimeters iGrav-013 and iOSG-022 replaced the old gravimeter SG-T020 at Metsähovi in 2016. The first step was to do a new local tidal gravity modelling for Metsähovi Geodetic Research Station based on the first 5.5 years of iGrav-013 and iOSG-022 superconducting gravimeter data. Here we present the first analysis of the gravity data and the results of tidal analysis of Earth body tides and ocean tidal loading