29 research outputs found
S4Net: Single Stage Salient-Instance Segmentation
We consider an interesting problem-salient instance segmentation in this
paper. Other than producing bounding boxes, our network also outputs
high-quality instance-level segments. Taking into account the
category-independent property of each target, we design a single stage salient
instance segmentation framework, with a novel segmentation branch. Our new
branch regards not only local context inside each detection window but also its
surrounding context, enabling us to distinguish the instances in the same scope
even with obstruction. Our network is end-to-end trainable and runs at a fast
speed (40 fps when processing an image with resolution 320x320). We evaluate
our approach on a publicly available benchmark and show that it outperforms
other alternative solutions. We also provide a thorough analysis of the design
choices to help readers better understand the functions of each part of our
network. The source code can be found at
\url{https://github.com/RuochenFan/S4Net}
Efficient clearance of periodontitis pathogens by S. gordonii membrane-coated H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> self-supplied nanocomposites in a “Jenga” style
As a key pathogen of periodontitis, P. gingivalis requires support of the initial colonizing bacterium (S. gordonii preferably) to form symbiotic biofilms on gingival tissues with enhanced antibiotic resistance. Here, we report a new strategy to treat periodontitis biofilms with S. gordonii membrane-coated H2O2 self-supplied nanocomposites (ZnO2/Fe3O4@MV NPs) in a “Jenga” style. Integration of our special MV coatings enables selectively enhanced internalization of the cargos in S. gordonii, thus inducing severe damage to the foundational bacterial layer and collapse/clearance of symbiotic biofilms consequently. This strategy allows us to clear the symbiotic biofilms of S. gordonii and P. gingivalis with active hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) derived from ZnO2-Fe3O4@MV NPs in a H2O2 self-supplied, nanocatalyst-assisted manner. This “Jenga-style” treatment provides a cutting-edge proof of concept for the removal of otherwise robust symbiotic biofilms of periodontitis where the critical pathogens are difficult to target and have antibiotic resistance.</p
Efficient clearance of periodontitis pathogens by S. gordonii membrane-coated H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> self-supplied nanocomposites in a “Jenga” style
As a key pathogen of periodontitis, P. gingivalis requires support of the initial colonizing bacterium (S. gordonii preferably) to form symbiotic biofilms on gingival tissues with enhanced antibiotic resistance. Here, we report a new strategy to treat periodontitis biofilms with S. gordonii membrane-coated H2O2 self-supplied nanocomposites (ZnO2/Fe3O4@MV NPs) in a “Jenga” style. Integration of our special MV coatings enables selectively enhanced internalization of the cargos in S. gordonii, thus inducing severe damage to the foundational bacterial layer and collapse/clearance of symbiotic biofilms consequently. This strategy allows us to clear the symbiotic biofilms of S. gordonii and P. gingivalis with active hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) derived from ZnO2-Fe3O4@MV NPs in a H2O2 self-supplied, nanocatalyst-assisted manner. This “Jenga-style” treatment provides a cutting-edge proof of concept for the removal of otherwise robust symbiotic biofilms of periodontitis where the critical pathogens are difficult to target and have antibiotic resistance.</p
Efficient clearance of periodontitis pathogens by S. gordonii membrane-coated H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> self-supplied nanocomposites in a “Jenga” style
As a key pathogen of periodontitis, P. gingivalis requires support of the initial colonizing bacterium (S. gordonii preferably) to form symbiotic biofilms on gingival tissues with enhanced antibiotic resistance. Here, we report a new strategy to treat periodontitis biofilms with S. gordonii membrane-coated H2O2 self-supplied nanocomposites (ZnO2/Fe3O4@MV NPs) in a “Jenga” style. Integration of our special MV coatings enables selectively enhanced internalization of the cargos in S. gordonii, thus inducing severe damage to the foundational bacterial layer and collapse/clearance of symbiotic biofilms consequently. This strategy allows us to clear the symbiotic biofilms of S. gordonii and P. gingivalis with active hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) derived from ZnO2-Fe3O4@MV NPs in a H2O2 self-supplied, nanocatalyst-assisted manner. This “Jenga-style” treatment provides a cutting-edge proof of concept for the removal of otherwise robust symbiotic biofilms of periodontitis where the critical pathogens are difficult to target and have antibiotic resistance.</p
Tunable Interband Transitions in Twisted h-BN/Graphene Heterostructures
In twisted h-BN/graphene heterostructures, the complex electronic properties
of the fast-traveling electron gas in graphene are usually considered to be
fully revealed. However, the randomly twisted heterostructures may also have
unexpected transition behaviors, which may influence the device performance.
Here, we study the twist angle-dependent coupling effects of h-BN/graphene
heterostructures using monochromatic electron energy loss spectroscopy. We find
that the moir\'e potentials alter the band structure of graphene, resulting in
a redshift of the intralayer transition at the M-point, which becomes more
pronounced up to 0.25 eV with increasing twist angle. Furthermore, the twisting
of the Brillouin zone of h-BN relative to the graphene M-point leads to tunable
vertical transition energies in the range of 5.1-5.6 eV. Our findings indicate
that twist-coupling effects of van der Waals heterostructures should be
carefully considered in device fabrications, and the continuously tunable
interband transitions through the twist angle can serve as a new degree of
freedom to design optoelectrical devices
Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data