Required environmental education in junior high school for pro-environmental behavior in Indonesia : a perspective on parents’ household sanitation situations and teachers’ awareness of environmental education

13301甲第4610号博士（保健学）金沢大学博士論文要旨Abstract 以下に掲載：Journal of Wellness and Health Care 41(1) pp.49-60 2017. Wellness and Health Care Society. 共著者：Ruka Saito, Rumiko Kimura, Akiko Tsuda, Syahrul, Tantut Susanto, Agrin

北陸地方のCOVID-19 状況下における学童期の親の生活と家族関係に対する認識

Objective: The purpose of this study was to (1) examine the perceptions of life andfamily relationships of parents caring for school-aged children over the past year and (2)clarify the associations between parents’ life perceptions and family relationships.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using the Internet from May to June2021. The target demographic for this study was parents of children who were elementaryschool students at the time of the national temporary closure following the declaration ofthe state of emergency on April 16, 2020. The survey items were the perception of theparents’ lives, their relationships with their children and with their spouse/partner duringthe COVID-19 pandemic.Results: The number of respondents was 214 (response rate: 3 8.8%). The parents who hadexperienced telecommuting due to COVID-19 accounted for 23.4%. Although there was aslight increase in the household chores of fathers and children during the school closureperiod, mothers were responsible for more than 70% of the household chores throughoutall periods. More than 40% of parents felt that physical fatigue and financial stress hadincreased, and 70% of parents felt that mental stress had increased. Of the parents in thestudy, 42.1% felt that their family relationship had become better as a result of COVID-19,and the associated factor was that they had gone through various experiences with theirchildren and partners.Conclusion: This study suggests that if we can recognize our family experiences aspositive despite the stress, we have an opportunity to grow as families even in difficultsituations

Prevalence of underweight and overweight among school-aged children and it's association with children's sociodemographic and lifestyle in Indonesia

Objectives: Underweight remains a health problem among Indonesian children, and the incidence of overweight continuously increases. This study aims to determine factors associated with underweight and overweight in school-aged children in Indonesia. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional investigation on parents and children aged 6–13 years in elementary schools in Makassar, Indonesia. The participants included 877 children and their parents. Anthropometric data were obtained using standardized equipment, and sociodemographic and lifestyle data were determined using a questionnaire. The nutritional status of the children was assessed based on the child growth standard prescribed by the WHO. Results: The prevalence rates of underweight and overweight among the children were 14.5% and 20.4%, respectively. Underweight was more prevalent in boys. Factors such as mother's level of education, having an underweight father, and playing outdoors on weekends for more than 2 h were significantly associated with underweight children. By contrast, mothers with high levels of education, overweight parents, sleeping for less than 9 h, and playing outdoors on weekends for less than 1 h were significantly associated with overweight children. Conclusions: The prevalence of underweight and overweight among school-aged children in Makassar, Indonesia is high. These conditions are associated with the sociodemographic characteristics of children and parents, as well as the lifestyle of children. Parental characteristics and children's lifestyle should be considered when planning prevention and intervention programs for underweight or overweight children

Protective Role of an Initial Low-Dose Septic Challenge against Lethal Sepsis in Neonatal Mice: A Pilot Study

Neonatal sepsis is characterized by systemic bacterial invasion followed by a massive inflammatory response. At present, no therapeutic strategy has been found that significantly reduces the mortality of neonatal sepsis. We aimed to investigate the protective role of an initial low-dose septic challenge for the prevention of subsequent lethal sepsis in a mouse model. A stock cecal slurry (CS) solution was prepared from adult ceca. The LD83 (1.5 mg CS/g) was used for all animals. An initial challenge of normal saline (NS) or 0.5 mg CS/g (non-lethal dose) was administered at four days of age, then 1.5 mg CS/g was administered intraperitoneally at seven days of age (72 h post-initial challenge), and survival was monitored. Initial exposure to NS (n = 10) resulted in 90% mortality following exposure to the LD83 CS dose in contrast to an initial exposure to CS (n = 16), which significantly decreased mortality to 6% (p 0.0001), reduced blood bacterial counts, attenuated inflammatory responses, and suppressed lipid mediators. Initial exposure to a non-lethal CS dose prior to exposure to a lethal CS dose significantly reduces sepsis mortality, a protective effect that might be mediated by modulating abnormal systemic inflammatory responses

Prevalence of factors related to active reproductive health behavior: a cross-sectional study Indonesian adolescent

OBJECTIVES Complex and diverse factors are related to reproductive health (RH) behavior among adolescents according to the social and cultural context of each countries. This study examined the prevalence of active RH and factors related to active RH behavior among Indonesian adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,040 of students who were selected through a multi-stage random sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was developed, including the World Health Organization Illustrative Questionnaire for Interview-Surveys with Young People, pubertal development scale, and sexual activity scale, modified in accordance to the Indonesian context. The data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics, as well as logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The prevalence of active RH behavior were more higher in boys (56.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 50.6% to 62.6%) than in girls (43.7%; 95% CI, 37.6% to 49.8%). Negative attitudes towards RH were a factor related to active RH behavior in both boys and girls. Smoking and kind relationship envisioned before marriage (pacaran [courtship] and nikah siri [non-registered marriage]) were factors related to active RH behavior in boys; whereas the absence of access to information on substance abuse was an additional factor in girls. Moreover, an interaction was found between access to information on development and smoking (boys) and attitudes on RH (girls) as independent variables associated with active RH behavior. CONCLUSIONS Sex education for adolescents in Indonesia, particularly in the context of a health promotion program, should be developed based on prevalent social, cultural, and religious values to prevent active RH behavior. Such programs should focus on the kind of relationship envisioned before marriage and smoking for boys and access to information on subtance abuse for girls