A continuum of solutions for the SU(3) Toda System exhibiting partial blow-up

In this paper we consider the so-called Toda System in planar domains under Dirichlet boundary condition. We show the existence of continua of solutions for which one component is blowing up at a certain number of points. The proofs use singular perturbation methods

A potato large-insert library for isolation of candidate loci for late blight resistance and studies on their genome organization

Summary QTL mapping of quantitative resistance to P. infestans has been pursued in potato and several loci contributing to the resistance have been identified (Leonards-Schippers et al. 1994; Meyer et al. 1998; Ewing et al. 2000; Sandbrink et al. 2000 and Naess et al. 2000). Ghislain et al. (2001) detected two major QTL effects on linkage groups VIII and XII using a hybrid cross between S. phureja x dihaploid S. tuberosum. The strong QTL effect on linkage group XII was localized in a region where no major gene or QTL for P. infestans has been reported. So far, none of the QTLs for P. infestans resistance has been cloned and the genes behind the QTLs are still unknown. Map based cloning has proved to be a promising approach for cloning genes and QTLs. This approach requires DNA markers tightly linked to the trait in combination with large insert libraries. In this study, a large insert library was constructed from one of the resistant hybrids of the population analysed by Ghislain et al. (2001). The inserts have been cloned into the binary vector pCLD04541. The clones can be used for plant transformation via A. tumefaciens. The library contains approximately 50 000 clones with an average insert size of 80 kb. The coverage of the library has been calculated to be 3-4 times the haploid potato genome. The construction of a large insert library with this genetic material will facilitate the cloning and dissection of the genes underlying the QTL once a more precise map of the region is available. The library was used to clone members of three defense related gene families: PAL(Phenylalanine-Ammonia-Lyase), PR-5 (acidic and basic osmotin) and PPO(Polyphenol oxidase). 29, 7 and 10 BAC clones containing PAL, PR-5 and PPO genes, respectively were identified. The PR-5 BAC clones were further characterized. 6 BACs containing osmotin-like sequences were grouped in two small contigs: Contig A (100kb) and Contig B (120kb). DNA markers derived from the contigs identified two genetic loci on linkage groups VIII (Contig A) and XI (Contig B). Southern gel blot analysis of genomic and BAC DNA showed that potato has at least 5 copies of osmotin genes. Most of the osmotin genes are clustered on linkage group VIII in less than 90 kb whereas only one gene is present on linkage group XI. Interestingly, Trognitz et al. (2001) using the population of Ghislain et al. (2001) reported correlation between a QTL effect derived from S. tuberosum and an osmotin RFLP marker on linkage group VIII. On the other hand, one BAC with sequence similarity to acidic PR-5 showed that acidic members of PR-5 in potato are clustered on linkage group XII, where at least 3 copies are present in less than 35 kb. S. phureja and S. tuberosum are highly homozygous at these loci which made it difficult to develop specific markers. However, two CAPS markers were derived and mapped in the maternal line S. phureja, revealing that the position of the genes do not overlap with the QTL effect. Fragments of the PR-5 BACs inserts were subcloned into pBluescript. Sequence analysis of the subclones identified 6 osmotin-like genes and 4 acidic PR-5 genes, including a copy with a truncated sequence at the N-terminus. One of the acidic PR-5 genes had 100% identity to the partial sequence of potato Protein C (Pierpoint et al. 1990). All the PR-5 ORF did not contain introns and all except the one from linkage group XI had the 16 cysteine residues highly conserved in the PR-5 family. PCR and Southern gel blot analysis demonstrated that PR-5 genes are present in all members of the Solanaceae family tested. A phylogenetic analysis of PR-5 sequences of Solanaceae from the Genebank and the genes described in this study clustered the sequences in three main branches of acidic, neutral and basic genes

Teaching vocabulary through PBL and ICTs in seventh-grade students from the Emilio Cifuentes Institution in Facatativa, Colombia

No aplicaLos propósitos de este estudio de investigación tuvieron como objetivo describir una estrategia pedagógica basada en el ABP y las herramientas TIC para la enseñanza de vocabulario en el aula de inglés. Los principales objetivos fueron los siguientes: Diseñar la estrategia de la propuesta pedagógica basada en las herramientas PBL y TIC para facilitar la enseñanza del vocabulario en inglés, precisar a través de la observación directa la enseñanza del vocabulario en inglés en el séptimo grado de la Institución Educativa Municipal Emilio Cifuentes y la relación de aprendizaje con el entorno, y aplicar una prueba de habilidades de inglés como referencia para el grupo de investigación, grado 706 y grado 703 como grupo comparativo. La propuesta pedagógica está diseñada a través de talleres que estimulan el aprendizaje de vocabulario. Este estudio de investigación se amplió con la aplicación de las TIC, y se planteó como herramienta pedagógica la plataforma Google Classroom, todo enmarcado dentro de la legislación escolar. El estudio de investigación se basó en las categorías de actividades de instrucción de vocabulario y los resultados de aprendizaje de los estudiantes a través del proceso léxico y la competencia léxica. Los instrumentos seleccionados para la recolección de datos fueron la observación directa no estructurada y la prueba de inglés. Los instrumentos y sus técnicas de investigación fueron aplicados, analizados e interpretados como base para el desarrollo propuesto. Los resultados mostraron que el presente estudio de investigación fue satisfactorio, considerando que el 80% de los estudiantes alcanzaron los indicadores de las actividades de Instrucción de Vocabulario y Resultados de Aprendizaje de los Estudiantes a través de las subcategorías proceso léxico y competencia léxica, donde pudieron identificar, recuperar, elaborar y reproducir frases cortas con el nuevo vocabulario aprendido. Por otro lado, las producciones orales memorizadas por los estudiantes y el aprendizaje de nuevo vocabulario dieron paso a un aprendizaje significativo ya que recordaron con mayor eficiencia las nuevas palabras, apropiándose adecuadamente del idioma. Los hallazgos de este estudio de investigación mostraron que la descripción de las actividades de instrucción de vocabulario, como las actividades de notar, recuperar y elaborar, y los resultados de aprendizaje de los estudiantes estaban relacionados con las competencias lingüísticas y los resultados de las pruebas. La apropiación de conocimientos a través del aprendizaje significativo, el uso de la metodología PBL y el uso de la plataforma Google Classroom fueron muy valiosos para la enseñanza del vocabulario. Este estudio de investigación podría interrelacionarse con otras áreas del conocimiento si las instituciones contaran con laboratorios de computación. Palabras clave: Constructivismo, Aprendizaje significativo, Aprendizaje PBL, Tics, Aula de GoogleThe purpose of this research study was intended to describe a pedagogical strategy based on the PBL and ICT tools to teach vocabulary in the English classroom. The main objectives were the following: To design the pedagogical proposal strategy based on the PBL and ICT tools to facilitate teaching English vocabulary, to specify through direct observation the English vocabulary instruction in the seven grade of the Emilio Cifuentes Municipal Educational Institution and the relationship of learning with the environment, and to apply an-English skills test as a reference for the research group, grade 706 and grade 703 as a comparative group. The pedagogical proposal is designed through workshops that stimulate vocabulary learning. This research study was expanded with the application of ICT, and the Google classroom platform was proposed as a pedagogical tool, all framed within school legislation. The research study was based on the categories of vocabulary instruction activities and student learning outcomes through the linguistic process and lexical competence. The instruments selected for data collection were unstructured direct observation and the English test. The tools and their research techniques were applied, analyzed, and interpreted as a basis for the proposed development. The results showed that the present research study was satisfactory, considering that 80% of the students reached the indicators of the activities of Vocabulary Instruction and Student Learning Results through the subcategories lexical process and linguistic competence, where they could identify, recover, elaborate, and reproduce short sentences with the new vocabulary learned. On the other hand, the oral productions memorized by the students and learning new vocabulary gave way to significant learning since they remembered the new words more efficiently, appropriately appropriating the language. The findings of this research study showed the description of vocabulary instruction activities such as noticing, retrieving, and elaboration activities and students’ learning outcomes were related to linguistic competencies and test results. The appropriation of knowledge through meaningful learning, the use of the PBL methodology, and the use of the Google Classroom platform were very valuable for vocabulary teaching. This research study could be interrelated with other areas of knowledge if the institutions had computer laboratories. Keywords: Constructivism, Meaningful learning, PBL learning, Tics, Google classroo

Is the European Green Capital Award showcasing appropriate models of best practice for transition? The land use indicator.

The European Green Capital Award (EGCA) rewards the efforts and commitment of European cities that tackle the environmental challenges of urban areas. These efforts are expected to have a positive impact on social and economic aspects, ultimately improving the overall sustainability of the city. Awarded cities are expected to act as a model and inspire other European cities by promoting best practice. This paper focus on the land use indicator. Reviewed literature in the field distinguishes between urban form and urban development. Urban form is a snapshot in time while urban development refers to the processes that change and adapt the form over time. The analysis of the award’s relevant indicator ‘Green urban areas incorporating sustainable land use’ points towards the significance of historical development to the current sustainability of cities’ urban form. This paper reviews recent urban development strategies for Bristol, the EGCA winner for 2015, and compares them to Stockholm and Barcelona; which achieved highest scores for the relevant indicator in earlier rounds of the award. While the strategies may be similar in all the cases, this study suggests that the two latter cities haven’t shown a significant transition from unsustainability to sustainable land use in their recent development, but a maintenance of an already privileged urban environment. With a less favourable starting point, Bristol may represent a better model of best practice for other aspiring cities in transition by showcasing its recent and current positive results

De la construcción a la fórmula: estudio contrastivo de un esquema fraseológico en español e italiano

Este artículo examina el esquema fraseológico esp. qué + verbo ir + a + X e it. cosa/che + verbo volere + X. Esta fórmula rutinaria muestra desacuerdo con el oyente y otras funciones como rechazo, descrédito o incredulidad. El punto de vista pragmático (inferencias negativas, expresión dialógica, uso ecoico de una metarrepresentación) facilita una explicación de sus propiedades fraseológicas, es decir, de la fijación y la idiomaticidad.This article examines the phraseological scheme qué + verb ir + a + X (Spanish) and cosa/che + verb volere + X (Italian). This routine formulae shows disagreement with the hearer and other functions like rejection, disregard or scepticism. The pragmatic point of view (negative inferences, dialogic expression, echoic use of a metarepresentation) provides an explanation of its phraseological properties, i.e., fixation and idiomaticity

Estrategias Metodológicas utilizadas en la Educación Ambiental Formal en los centros de educación primaria: Escuela El Progreso, Colegio Diocesano San Luis y Escuela Enmanuel Mongalo del municipio de Matagalpa durante el II Semestre del año 2007

Para realizar el seminario de graduación se abordó el tema de la educación ambiental formal en los centros de educación primaria del municipio de Matagalpa. La educación Ambiental surge en Estocolmo en 1972 producto de la necesidad de encontrar soluciones a las necesidades del medio ambiente, por esta razón se hace necesario abordarla desde el ámbito formal; en Nicaragua toma mayor relevancia durante la década de los noventas hasta la actualidad; en la nueva transformación curricular se aborda como una asignatura aparte y también se incluye en las otras materias, como lo reflejan los estudios realizado siendo que 5.4% en español,8.85% en matemática, 67.5% en CCNN, 9.55 en EESSS y el 6.1% en moral y cívica creando individuos que amen y respeten la madre naturaleza, para ello se hace necesario dotar al estudiante de los conceptos generales referentes al medio ambiente para que puedan analizarlos y apropiarse de los mismos. Otro aspecto que se abordó fue el marco legal de la educación ambiental en Nicaragua lo que permite darse cuenta que tanto hacen los nicaragüenses por enfrentar los problemas medioambientales presentes y la forma que los maestros dan a conocer a los estudiantes las leyes que están establecidas para aquellas personas que atenten con el bienestar de la naturaleza; en los centros seleccionados se puede decir que los estudiantes conocen poco de éstas leyes ya que no existe todavía un mecanismo que les permita empaparse más de las mismas, alterando de esta manera los fines de la educación ambiental en Nicaragua. El trabajo realizado por el docente se hace con el objetivo principal de desarrollar la conciencia ambiental en los individuos a través de la educación, siendo que el 76.6% brinda charlas ambientales, el 93.6% motiva a los estudiantes a sembrar árboles, el 48.9% promueven la clasificación de la basura partiendo que esta es la base de la formación ciudadana, permitiendo reflexionar y llevar a la práctica los valores, morales, sociales, y religioso

Automedicação e termos relacionados: uma reflexão conceitual

Introducción: la automedicación se ha convertido en una práctica creciente en la población mundial. Este fenómeno ha sido promovido como una forma de autocuidado, con impacto positivo en la reducción del gasto dentro de los sistemas de salud; sin embargo, también se ve con preocupación, por los potenciales efectos negativos relacionados con diagnósticos y manejos inadecuados, que pueden afectar la salud de los individuos. Esta doble percepción del fenómeno se relaciona, en parte, con una gran diversidad de términos y conceptos relacionados, que hacen difícil su abordaje teórico-empírico. Para hacer comparaciones epidemiológicas adecuadas se requiere armonizar las definiciones implicadas. Objetivo: analizar el concepto de automedicación y términos relacionados a partir de las definiciones que aparecen en la literatura especializada del tema. Conclusiones: en las últimas cuatro décadas ha habido una evolución tanto de los términos como de las definiciones relacionadas con automedicación, desde un concepto muy simple que implica la ausencia de prescripción médica, hasta conceptos más complejos que abarcan conductas de muy diversa índole; aun aquellas en las que media un acto de prescripción no seguido o no cumplido por el paciente. Adicionalmente se aprecia una proliferación conceptual que justifica el ordenamiento de los términos relacionados con automedicación. Este artículo presenta una propuesta de clasificación en cuatro grupos: a. automedicación, b. autocuidado, c. preparaciones farmacéuticas y medicamentos, y d. prescripción. Esta propuesta puede facilitar la exploración y análisis del fenómeno y permitir futuras aproximaciones teóricas.Introduction: self-medication has become a growing practice in the world population. This phenomenon has been promoted as a form of self-care, with a positive impact on reducing spending in health systems, however there is concern about the potential negative effects related to inadequate diagnosis and treatment, which can affect health of individuals. This dual perception of the phenomenon is partly related to a variety of terms and concepts used, that make difficult its theoretical and empirical approach. Harmonization of the definitions involved is required in order to make adequate epidemiological comparisons. Objectives: analyze the concept of self medication and related terms from the definitions in the literature of the subject. Conclusions: in the last four decades it has been an evolution of both the wording and the definitions related to self-medication, from a very simple concept that implies the absence of prescription, to more complex ones that encompass very diverse behaviors, even those mediated by an act of prescription but not followed or not completed by the patient. Additionally the conceptual proliferation seen, justify the ordering of the terms related to self-medication. This paper presents a proposal for classification in four groups: a. self-medication, b. self care, c. pharmaceutical preparations and medicines, and d. prescription. This proposal should facilitate the exploration and analysis of the phenomenon and allow future theoretical approaches.Introdução: A automedicação tem se convertido em uma prática crescente na população mundial. Este fenômeno tem sido promovido como uma forma de auto-cuidado, com impacto positivo na redução do gasto dentro dos sistemas de saúde; por enquanto, também se vê com preocupação pelos potenciais efeitos negativos relacionados com diagnósticos e gestões inadequadas, que podem afetar a saúde dos indivíduos. Esta dupla percepção do fenômeno se relaciona, em parte, com uma grande diversidade de termos e conceitos relacionados, que fazem difícil sua abordagem teórico-empírica. Para fazer comparações epidemiológicas adequadas se requere harmonizar as definições implicadas. Objetivo: Analisar o conceito de automedicação e termos relacionados a partir das definições que aparecem na literatura especializada do tema. Conclusões: Nas últimas quatro décadas tem havido uma evolução tanto dos termos quanto das definições relacionadas com automedicação desde um conceito muito simples que implica a ausência de prescrição médica, até conceitos mais complexos que abarcam condutas de muita diversa índole; ainda aquelas nas que intervém um ato de prescrição não seguido ou não cumprido pelo paciente. Adicionalmente se aprecia uma proliferação conceitual que justifica o ordenamento dos termos relacionados com automedicação. Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de classificação em quatro grupos: a. automedicação b. auto-cuidado c. preparações farmacêuticas e medicamentos, e d. prescrição. Esta proposta pode facilitar a exploração e análise do fenômeno e permitir futuras aproximações teóricas

Structural Characterization of Factors for the Digital Training of Public Primary School Teachers: The Peruvian Case

The aim of this study was to determine the key factors of the digital teacher training system in public primary schools, which aims to improve teachers' digital competence. Digital competence is defined as the creative, critical, and safe use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) [1]. Worldwide, several countries use within their digital training programs institutional frameworks such as the European Framework for the Digital Competence of Educators, the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) and/or UNESCO [2] [3]. In Peru, the Framework for Good Teaching Performance, a guiding document for public teachers, only encourages its use according to the purpose of the learning session. In 2020, the Closing Digital Divide strategy revealed that 81% of public teachers required training to integrate technologies into their pedagogical practice. This study used structural analysis to analyse key factors in teachers' training to improve their digital competence. Results showed that among the key factors of the training system were the differentiated support in the use of ICT, the courses based on the participants' profile, the blended learning model, the technological infrastructure within the institutions and the creation of digital competence within the Framework of Teaching Performance. The results provide support to provide guidance to create the required digital training for teachers. Future research should evaluate digital teacher training policies, as well as the role of the school leaders in the implementation of ICT.Faculty of Education, Queensland University of TechnologyRevisión por pare

Vivienda e integración de grupos sociales vulnerables en la ciudad: el caso de la Operación Bolsas de Deterioro Urbano en Madrid

En el contexto urbano europeo, se ha abordado comúnmente la integración de grupos sociales vulnerables, económica o socialmente, a través de políticas de vivienda y programas de realojo. Sin embargo, estas medidas y su eficacia actualmente son debatidas, en base a la limitada incidencia que la transformación espacial de ámbitos reducidos ha mostrado tener sobre otros factores de la exclusión social. Este estudio busca, a partir del estudio de la Operación Bolsas de Deterioro Urbano en Madrid, vincular procesos de planificación y gestión del suelo a aquellos referentes a la integración de grupos vulnerables en la ciudad. Se concluye que cambios efectuados en las disposiciones de ordenamiento y gestión de algunas áreas de la operación, así como la falta de seguimiento de los procesos de desarrollo urbano posteriores a las intervenciones efectuadas, y de los efectos del realojo sobre la población objeto, desvían a ésta de su postura ideológica inicial.In the context of European urban development, housing policies and relocation programmes are commonly used to foster urban integration of vulnerable social groups. However, these measures and their associated effects are still up for debate, mainly due to the limited impact spatial transformation of reduced areas has shown on other aspects of social exclusion. This article, through the analysis of a specific case, the Bolsas de Deterioro Urbano programme in Madrid, attempts to link spatial planning and land management processes to those of social integration in the urban environment. We conclude that alterations made to the management and land use dispositions of some of the areas included in the programme, as well as the absence of surveillance of urban development trends occurred after its implementation, and the poor study of relocation effects on the population groups affected by the programme interventions, deviate this one from its initially established ideological posture