511 research outputs found
A Closer Look at the Self-Verification Abilities of Large Language Models in Logical Reasoning
Logical reasoning has been an ongoing pursuit in the field of AI. Despite
significant advancements made by large language models (LLMs), they still
struggle with complex logical reasoning problems. To enhance reasoning
performance, one promising direction is scalable oversight, which requires LLMs
to identify their own errors and then improve by themselves. Various
self-verification methods have been proposed in pursuit of this goal.
Nevertheless, whether existing models understand their own errors well is still
under investigation. In this paper, we take a closer look at the
self-verification abilities of LLMs in the context of logical reasoning,
focusing on their ability to identify logical fallacies accurately. We
introduce a dataset, FALLACIES, containing 232 types of reasoning fallacies
categorized in a hierarchical taxonomy. By conducting exhaustive experiments on
FALLACIES, we obtain comprehensive and detailed analyses of a series of models
on their verification abilities. Our main findings suggest that existing LLMs
could struggle to identify fallacious reasoning steps accurately and may fall
short of guaranteeing the validity of self-verification methods. Drawing from
these observations, we offer suggestions for future research and practical
applications of self-verification methods.Comment: work in progres
High-dimensional FGM-ResNet modelling of turbulent spray combustion: Effects of evaporation non-adiabacity and scalar correlation
In the stratified or partially premixed piloted jet flames, previous
experimental and priori studies have identified a strong correlation between
mixture fraction and progress variable. In the framework of large-eddy
simulation (LES) and flamelet-generated manifolds (FGM) approach, a joint
probability density function (PDF) method is constructed to characterize
subgrid correlations. To pave the way for high dimensional tabulation modeling,
a deep residual network (ResNet) is trained, dramatically reducing the memory
footprint of tabulation. The Message Passing Interface (MPI) shared memory
technique is applied to load the original chemical table during parallel
computations. Application of LES to a partially pre-vaporized ethanol spray
flame demonstrates good agreement with experimental results. Consideration of
the subgrid correlation results in a noticeable improvement in temperature
prediction. Calculations using ResNet show a notable consistency with those
using chemical tables. Visualization of enthalpy highlights the significance of
non-adiabatic tabulation in modeling liquid fuel combustion. The unscaled
progress variable is selected to better describe the chemical reaction rate in
the blending zone of an air stream and a pilot stream with the product of a
fully burnt lean fuel mixture. The impact of the source term due to evaporation
in the transport equation of the progress variable is validated. The
correlation coefficient is found to significantly influence the chemical
reaction rate. The subgrid-scale interaction between liquid fuel evaporation
and subgrid correlation is elucidated
Managing the Newsvendor Modeled Product System with Random Capacity and Capacity-Dependent Price
We consider a newsvendor modeled product system, where the firm provides products to the market. The supply capacity of the product is random, so the firm receives either the amount of order quantity or the realized capacity, whichever is smaller. The market price is capacity dependent. We consider two types of production cost structures: the procurement case and the in-house production case. The firm pays for the received quantity in the former case and for the ordered quantity in the latter case. We obtain the optimal order quantities for both cases. Comparing with the traditional newsvendor model, we find that the optimal order quantity in both the procurement case and the in-house production case are no greater than that in the traditional newsvendor model with a fixed selling price. We also find that the optimal order quantity for the procurement case is greater than that for the in-house production case. Numerical study is conducted to investigate the sensitivity of the optimal solution versus the distribution of the random capacity/demand
Free electron laser with curved parallel plate waveguide
A free electron laser (FEL) amplifier with a curved
parallel plate waveguide and a planar wiggler is presented. A set of
operating equations for this FEL amplifier is derived by using the
three-dimensional nonlinear theory. The characteristics including the
evolution of power, efficiency and bandwidth of the FEL operating at the
frequency of 94Â GHz are numerically analyzed. The effects of electron energy
spread and wiggler taper on saturation efficiency are also studied
Wind-farm-level sub-/super-synchronous oscillation suppression strategy based on generalized reactance sensitivity
In recent years, several sub-/super-synchronous oscillation accidents caused by the grid integration of the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous generator (D-PMSG) have occurred, which seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of the power system. The existing research on the mechanism and influencing factors of sub-/super-synchronous Oscillation (SSO) caused by D-PMSG and the unit-level suppression method of SSO have been deeply studied, but there is still a lack of research on the suppression strategy of wind-farm-level SSO. To address the problem, this paper proposes a wind-farm-level SSO suppression strategy based on generalized reactance sensitivity. Firstly, the variation trend of the external reactance of the D-PMSG and the system’s pole with parameter changing is analyzed, which provides support for characterizing the system’s stability only through the external reactance. Inspired by the idea that impedance sensitivity is used to find key parameters, the concept of generalized reactance sensitivity is proposed to find the dominant units that have a great influence on the system’s stability. Based on this, corresponding SSO suppression strategies are proposed respectively with and without dominant units. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified by simulation
Study on the Electric Conductivity of Ag-Doped DNA in Transverse Direction
<p>Abstract</p> <p>In this article, we reported a novel experiment results on Ag-doped DNA conductor in transverse direction.<it>I</it>–<it>V</it>characteristics were measured and the relative conductances were calculated for different silver ions concentrations. With the increase of the concentration of silver ions, the conductive ability of DNA risen rapidly, the relative conductance of DNA enhanced about three magnitudes and reached a stable value when Ag<sup>+</sup>concentration was up to 0.005 mM. In addition, Raman spectra were carried out to analyse and confirm conduction mechanism.</p
Preparation of Aligned Steel-Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Using a Magnetic Field Created by the Assembly of Magnetic Pieces
In steel-fiber-reinforced composites, when the direction of a steel fiber is parallel to the direction of tensile stress, the capacity of the strengthening and toughening effect of the steel fiber can be fully applied to the composites. In this paper, a method to control the direction of steel fibers from one side surface of the mold full of a fresh mixture of steel-fiber-reinforced concrete using a magnet composed of small magnet squares is proposed, which has the advantage that the approach is suitable for specimens or elements with any size or shape. The influence of the method on the orientation effect of steel fiber is explored, and the flexural properties of the specimens prepared by different orientation methods are compared and analyzed through a three-point bending test. The test results show that the steel fibers in the mixture are successfully aligned by the magnetic treatment and the fiber orientation effective coefficient reaches 0.9 or more. The flexural properties of the aligned steel-fiber-reinforced cementitious composite (ASFRC) prepared by the magnetic device is significantly improved. The test results also show that the properties of the ASFRC prepared by the new method are comparable with that prepared by the previous electromagnetic field in terms of the fiber orientation effective coefficient and flexural strength
Postprandial Glycaemic Responses of Dried Fruit-Containing Meals in Healthy Adults: Results from a Randomised Trial
The aim of this study was to explore the glycaemic response (GR) patterns of four dried fruits (DF) and the mixed meals containing dried fruits, rice and almonds. Dried apples (DApp), dried jujubes (DJ), raisins (Ra) and dried apricots (DApr) were tested in eleven healthy subjects in random order. Test meals included the following 3 groups: (1) dried fruits containing 50 g available carbohydrates; (2) mixed meals consisting of DF and rice (DF + R), each contributing 25 g available carbohydrates; (3) Group (2) supplemented with 30 g almonds (DF + R + A). The postprandial GR and other characteristics in 240 min were investigated. The GI values of 4 DFs were 43 for DApp, 55 for DJ, 56 for both Ra and DApr. The DApp displayed the smallest amplitude of glycaemic excursion within 240 min (MAGE0–240). Compared with rice, the DApp + R meal elicited a significantly reduced GR and a smaller MAGE0–240 (GI 81 vs. 65). With the addition of almonds, the GIs and MAGE0–240 decreased significantly in all DF + A + R combinations except DApp + R + A. The ratio of total fructose/glucose contents of test meals were negatively correlated to GIs. Dried fruits and nuts may have the potential to mitigate the postprandial GR when jointly introduced into glycaemic management diets
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