23 research outputs found
Optimized culture conditions for tissue explants of uterine leiomyoma
Background: Uterine leiomyomas are the most common benign tumours in women, which arise from smooth muscle cells of the uterine myometrium and usually are multicentric. In spite of their frequency pathogenesis is widely unknown, mainly due to the absence of a suitable model system. We describe the systematic optimization of culturing leiomyoma tissue explants in an economical and effective ex vivo system.
Methods: Different concentrations of oxygen, different media, sera, hormones, and growth factor supplements were tested. Immunohistochemical stainings with antibodies against hormone receptors as well as specifying proliferation and apoptotic indices and real-time PCR were performed.
Results: Main parameters for culturing myoma tissue explants were tested for finding an optimal protocol. Standard medium D-MEM-F12 in combination with the use of horse serum in a reduced concentration of 1% turned out to be optimal for these tissue cultures as well as the addition of estradiol and epidermal growth factor EGF to media. Reduced oxygen content in the incubator air showed no positive effect.
Conclusions: For culturing tissue explants of uterine leiomyoma several conditions were optimized. The established tissue culture model allows examining the effects of known and potential therapeutic substances and the influence of immune competent cells in the process of tumour formation to find new targets for medical treatmen
Photons in gapless color-flavor-locked quark matter
We calculate the Debye and Meissner masses of a gauge boson in a material
consisting of two species of massless fermions that form a condensate of Cooper
pairs. We perform the calculation as a function of temperature, for the cases
of neutral Cooper pairs and charged Cooper pairs, and for a range of parameters
including gapped quaisparticles, and ungapped quasiparticles with both
quadratic and linear dispersion relations at low energy.
Our results are relevant to the behavior of photons and gluons in the gapless
color-flavor-locked phase of quark matter. We find that the photon's Meissner
mass vanishes, and the Debye mass shows a non-monotonic temperature dependence,
and at temperatures of order the pairing gap it drops to a minimum value of
order sqrt(alpha) times the quark chemical potential. We confirm previous
claims that at zero temperature an imaginary Meissner mass can arise from a
charged gapless condensate, and we find that at finite temperature this can
also occur for a gapped condensate.Comment: 22 pages, LaTeX; expanded discussion of temperature dependenc
Temperature Dependent Magnetic Anisotropy in (Ga,Ma)As Layers
It is demonstrated by SQUID magnetization measurements that (Ga,Mn)As films
can exhibit rich characteristics of magnetic anisotropy depending not only to
the epitaxial strain but being strongly influenced by the hole and Mn
concentration, and temperature. This behavior reflects the spin anisotropy of
the valence subbands and corroborates predictions of the mean field Zener model
of the carrier mediated ferromagnetism in III-V diluted magnetic semiconductors
with Mn. At the same time the existence of in-plane uniaxial anisotropy with
[110] the easy axis is evidenced. This is related to the top/bottom symmetry
breaking, resulting in the lowering of point symmetry of (Ga,Mn)As to the
C_{2v} symmetry group. The latter mechanism coexists with the hole-induced
cubic anisotropy, but takes over close to T_C.Comment: 4 pages, Latex, 4 eps figures. Extended and upgraded version appeared
in cond-mat/041054
Magnetism in Dense Quark Matter
We review the mechanisms via which an external magnetic field can affect the
ground state of cold and dense quark matter. In the absence of a magnetic
field, at asymptotically high densities, cold quark matter is in the
Color-Flavor-Locked (CFL) phase of color superconductivity characterized by
three scales: the superconducting gap, the gluon Meissner mass, and the
baryonic chemical potential. When an applied magnetic field becomes comparable
with each of these scales, new phases and/or condensates may emerge. They
include the magnetic CFL (MCFL) phase that becomes relevant for fields of the
order of the gap scale; the paramagnetic CFL, important when the field is of
the order of the Meissner mass, and a spin-one condensate associated to the
magnetic moment of the Cooper pairs, significant at fields of the order of the
chemical potential. We discuss the equation of state (EoS) of MCFL matter for a
large range of field values and consider possible applications of the magnetic
effects on dense quark matter to the astrophysics of compact stars.Comment: To appear in Lect. Notes Phys. "Strongly interacting matter in
magnetic fields" (Springer), edited by D. Kharzeev, K. Landsteiner, A.
Schmitt, H.-U. Ye
On the Low Surface Magnetic Field Structure of Quark Stars
Following some of the recent articles on hole super-conductivity and related
phenomena by Hirsch \cite{H1,H2,H3}, a simple model is proposed to explain the
observed low surface magnetic field of the expected quark stars. It is argued
that the diamagnetic moments of the electrons circulating in the electro-sphere
induce a magnetic field, which forces the existing quark star magnetic flux
density to become dilute. We have also analysed the instability of
normal-superconducting interface due to excess accumulation of magnetic flux
lines, assuming an extremely slow growth of superconducting phase through a
first order bubble nucleation type transition.Comment: 24 pages REVTEX, one .eps figure, psfig.sty is include
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Water-Cooled Liquid and Solid Breeder Blanket Concepts
Four concepts have been evaluated: (1) lithium oxide breeder (Li/sub 2/O) with and without beryllium neutron multiplier (Li/sub 2/O/H/sub 2/O, Li/sub 2/O/H/sub 2/O/Be); (2) ternary oxide ceramic breeder (..gamma..-LiA1O/sub 2/) with beryllium neutron multiplier (LiA1O/sub 2//H/sub 2/O/Be); (3) ..gamma..-LiA1O/sub 2/ with lead neutron multiplier (LiA1O/sub 2//H/sub 2/O/Pb); and (4) 17Li-83Pb breeder without a separate neutron multiplier (LiPb/H/sub 2/O). Candidate structural materials are austenitic stainless steel (PCA), ferritic steel (HT-9), and vanadium alloy (V-15Cr-5Ti). The pressurized water coolant is assumed to be at 280/sup 0/C inlet, 320/sup 0/C outlet, and 15.2 MPa design pressure
Changing Contract Structures in the International Liquefied Natural Gas Market – A First Empirical Analysis
Neutron star matter in a modified PNJL model
We discuss a three-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model for the quark matter equation of state with scalar diquark interaction, isoscalar vector interaction and Kobayashi-Maskawa-t Hooft interaction. We adopt a phenomenological scheme to include possible effects of a change in the gluon pressure at finite baryon density by including a parametric dependence of the Polyakov-loop potential on the chemical potential. We discuss the results for the mass-radius relationships for hybrid neutron stars constructed on the basis of our model EoS in the context of the constraint from the recently measured mass of (1.97 +- 0.04) M (J ) for the pulsar PSR J1614-2230