ONE OF THE POSSIBLE WAYS TO STRENGTHENING THE SECURITY

The paper is intended to point out at the relation between security and its key vehicle that is humans themselves. It presents an option to strengthen security through purposeful education of peiple and their comprehensive training in peaceful settlement of conflicts

A NEW APPROACH TO RISK ASSESSMENT BASED ON THE SEMANTIC VALUE OF EXPRESSIONS

The framework takes into account non-quantifiable decision variables and dilemmas, and uncertainties related to input data. The RISKMAN model scheme consists of process description and a range of suggested evaluation criteria as well as guidelines on how is possible to perform the evaluation. In addition to guidelines on prioritizing and evaluating the different criteria, the interpretation and use of the numerical results is discussed. The framework also shows the follow-up management strategies based on the outcome of the evaluation. In short, it describes a possible way of following up the output of security risk assessments and the identified size of security risks. It involves different stakeholders and offers a transparent process for prioritizing, and finally, selecting security measures. In its simplest form, the whole evaluation should be conducted by security experts within the decision making procedures, making qualitative assessments according the offered criteria. This can be necessary as a first screening for choosing capacities for further decisions. The use of and the strengths and weaknesses of the framework should be pre-tested within the stage of planning process and simulation of predictable threats

Test of the Precision and Accuracy of the ShapeAccelArray Sensor

Measurand MEMS ShapeAccelArray sensors are in many ways unique and new equipment, which allows to determine the relative displacements and deformations in other ways than before. The instruments are described, tested and compared with existing instrumentation in a small number of articles, but with exception of one it was not tested from engineering surveying point of view, where the exact precision and accuracy knowledge is a basis for the further use. The result of the experiments is the accuracy of measuring changes by the sensor itself, the pros and cons of its use and some features of its design, which is good to know before using it.There were designed and performed practical tests to determine the relative and absolute measurement accuracy of the sensor deformations measurement in all three possible types of use, namely the vertical installation, the horizontal installation and the measurement of convergence.The results show high accuracy of the sensor tested, which is under certain conditions even considerably higher than that given by Measuran

Accurate Measurement of the Riverbed Model for Deformation Analysis using Laser Scanning Technology

This paper presents an interesting application of the riverbed model shape and deformations monitoring using laser scanning technology and accurate local micro-network. The most interesting fact about this application is very high accuracy demand on deformation determination (maximum permissible error is only 2 mm) within quite large object (the size of the riverbed model is about 100 meters). Up to now, mechanical calipers in the selected profiles were used to detect the changes. This manual approach is very laborious and time-consuming and the gathered data resolution and accuracy is often not sufficient. The suggested solution contains two main parts. The first part deals with construction of highly accurate local micro-network for laser scanning needs (maximum required standard deviation in any coordinate is lower than 0.4 mm) and the second part deals with actual laser scanning and data processing. Design, measurement and processing of the experiment was conducted for the needs of the research project “Improvement of navigation conditions on the Elbe between Ústí nad Labem - state border CR / FRG - Navigation Step Děčín”. The main goal of this project is design and realization of the river regulation to improve the navigation conditions. The key benefit of using river model is the possibility to easily simulate various catastrophic scenarios (various degrees of the floods) and their impacts on riverbed changes

Significance of work studies in construction industry

Proučava se i analizira uloga studija rada u proizvodnim procesima u graditeljskim projektima. U skladu s težnjom da se postignu što povoljniji rezultati u građevinskoj djelatnosti, skraćenjem vremena, smanjenjem troškova i povećanjem kvalitete proizvodnje, prikazani se elementi racionalne studije rada kako bi se mogli uključiti u procese građenja. Opisano je optimalno uključenje kontinuiranosti proizvodnje s ciljem smanjenja zastoja i postizanja najkraćeg vremena građenja.The role of the study of work in production processes normally applied on construction projects is studied and analyzed. In keeping with present trends aiming at improving results in construction industry, both by reducing time and cost requirements, and by increasing the quality of production, the authors present elements of a rational work study that could well be implemented in current construction processes. An optimum improvement in the sphere of production continuity, aimed at reducing downtime and shortening time of construction, is described

Application of Computer Graphics Flow Visualization Methods in Vortex Rope Investigations

Computer graphics visualization techniques for application on data from Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of the vortex rope, a phenomenon present in hydraulic turbines operating in off-design conditions, were devised. This included not only objects for visualization (what to visualize) but also methods of the visualization itself (how to do it). By means of advanced methods based particularly on volume rendering of Eulerian fields in combination with Lagrangian objects, various phenomena were captured, such as the motion of the vortex rope or the backflow zone. The data came from simulations using a scale-resolving hybrid turbulence model, the Stress-Blended Eddy Simulation. In such detailed simulations and other applications involving complex three-dimensional structures, proper visualization methods are needed to leverage the content captured in the resultant data

Competitiveness of the regions in the Czech Republic from the perspective of disaster risk financing

Mitigation of the impact of disasters and increasing resilience represent an inseparable part of the competitiveness of regions that cannot be implemented without a necessary resource framework. The paper focuses on the issue of financing individual phases of disaster management at the level of regions in the Czech conditions. The article is based on the assumption that public authorities do not systematically plan funds for dealing with crisis situations in the expenditure part of the budget, thereby not supporting the structural and functional conditions of territorial attractiveness, security and sustainability. The aim of the article is to propose a unique calculation of the minimum fund allocation for individual phases of disaster risk reduction at the regional level. The calculation concept is based on the value of the property owned by the region, the number of crisis situations predicted in the region, the number of crisis situations predicted in the Czech Republic, the administrative territory of the region and the total expenditures of the regional budget. The article presents a specific national approach to the public fund allocation to the individual disaster risk management phases, providing competitive administration and progressive and resilient development of the region. Based on the originally elaborated calculation, a comparative analysis of the expenditure part of 13 regional budgets for the 2013-2019 period was performed. The premise on the insufficient financing of disaster management was confirmed, although the Crisis Management Act imposes this obligation. The results showed that the most underfunded area was the implementation phase

Increasing volatility of reconstructed Morava River warm-season flow, Czech Republic

Study region: The Morava River basin, Czech Republic, Danube Basin, Central Europe. Study focus: Hydrological summer extremes represent a prominent natural hazard in Central Europe. River low flows constrain transport and water supply for agriculture, industry and society, and flood events are known to cause material damage and human loss. However, understanding changes in the frequency and magnitude of hydrological extremes is associated with great uncertainty due to the limited number of gauge observations. Here, we compile a tree-ring network to reconstruct the July–September baseflow variability of the Morava River from 1745 to 2018 CE. An ensemble of reconstructions was produced to assess the impact of calibration period length and trend on the long-term mean of reconstruction estimates. The final estimates represent the first baseflow reconstruction based on tree rings from the European continent. Simulated flows and historical documentation provide quantitative and qualitative validation of estimates prior to the 20th century. New hydrological insights for the region: The reconstructions indicate an increased variability of warm-season flow during the past 100 years, with the most extreme high and low flows occurring after the start of instrumental observations. When analyzing the entire reconstruction, the negative trend in baseflow displayed by gauges across the basin after 1960 is not unprecedented. We conjecture that even lower flows could likely occur in the future considering that pre-instrumental trends were not primarily driven by rising temperature (and the evaporative demand) in contrast to the recent trends

Transition of cavitating flow to supercavitation within Venturi nozzle – hysteresis investigation

Cavitation is usually considered as undesirable phenomena. On the other hand, it can be utilized in many applications. One of the technical applications is using cavitation in water treatment, where hydrodynamic cavitation seems to be effective way how to reduce cyanobacteria within large bulks of water. The main scope of this paper is investigation of the cavitation within Venturi nozzle during the transition from fully developed cavitation to supercavitation regime and vice versa. Dynamics of cavitation was investigated using experimental data of pressure pulsations and analysis of high speed videos, where FFT of the pixel intensity and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) of the records were done to identify dominant frequencies connected with the presence of cavitation. The methodology of the high speed (HS) records semiautomated analysis using the FFT was described. Obtained results were correlated and above that the possible presence of hysteresis was discussed