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Doprinos transkranijske dupleks Dopplerove sonografije dijagnostici stenoze velikih moždanih arterija u djeteta
The contribution of pulsating duplex Doppler ultrasonography to the diagnosis of middle (MCA) and anterior (ACA) cerebral artery obstruction in one patient is reported. A 10year-old boy was admitted to the hospital for pulsating headaches (especially pronounced on physical training). He had no neurologic disabilities. His EEG and brain CT scan were normal, and so were his funduscopic examination, lumbar puncture, and laboratory tests. Transcranial color duplex Doppler ultrasonography showed very high velocities in both ACA and right MCA as a sign of suspected stenosis or spasm. Bilateral subtraction cerebral angiography performed after several months of recurrent headaches and unchanged Doppler ultrasonography findings produced an image of high degree stenosis of A1 segment of both ACA and right MCA, with signs of āsteal syndromeā through the posterior cerebral circulation. MRI performed one year later, after episodes of transient ischemic attacks, showed ischemic infarction in the right temporo-occipital region. The etiology of stenosis was supposed to include vasculopathy, i.e. early stage of moyamoya syndrome. Other vasculopathies were excluded by laboratory tests and clinical elaboration. It is concluded that transcranial Doppler ultrasonography is a very helpful method for detection and follow-up of the degree of stenosis of great cerebral arteries in children, and that it correlates well with cerebral angiography, yet it is not useful in diagnosing the etiology of stenosis.Prikazan je sluÄaj 10-godiÅ”njeg djeÄaka koji je primljen na Kliniku zbog pulsirajuÄih glavobolja koje su se najÄeÅ”Äe javljale za vrijeme tjelesnog napora. DjeÄak je bio urednog somatskog i neuroloÅ”kog statusa. Njegov EEG i CT mozga bili su uredni, kao i pregled oÄnog dna, likvora i laboratorijske pretrage. Transkranijski obojeni dupleks Doppler pokazao je izrazito velike brzine u objema prednjim moždanim arterijama (ACA) i u desnoj srednjoj moždanoj arteriji (MCA), Å”to je moglo odgovarati stenozi krvnih aila. Subtrakcijska cerebralna angiografija uÄinjena je nakon nekoliko mjeseci opetovanih glavobolja i nepromijenjenog Doplerskog nalaza. Pokazala je veÄi stupanj stenoze prednjeg segmenta obiju ACA i poÄetnog dijela desne MCA, sa znacima āsindroma kraÄeā kroz stražnju moždanu cirkulaciju. MRI (uÄinjena godinu dana kasnije, nakon ponavljanih epizoda prolaznih ishemijskih napadaja) pokazala je ishemijski infarkt temporookcipitalno desno. Etiologija bolesti ostala je otvorenom. Pretpostavljeno je da se radi o vaskulopatiji, tj. ranom stadiju bolesti moyamoya. Ostale vaskulopatije iskljuÄene su laboratorijskim i kliniÄkim ispitivanjem. ZakljuÄuje se kako je transkranijski obojeni dupleks Doppler vrlo dobra metoda za otkrivanje i praÄenje stupnja stenoze moždanih arterija u djece i dobro korelira s cerebralnom angiografijom, ali joÅ” ne pomaže u otkrivanju etiologije stenoze