Torbiele jajnika wykrywane prenatalnie u płodu – postępowanie i rokowanie

Summary We present 6 case reports of ovarian cysts, diagnosed in the prenatal and postnatal period, as well as treatment. There was no need for invasive prenatal therapy in any of the reported fetuses. Most of the cysts disappeared spontaneously (in one case uncomplicated cyst rupture in fetus have been observed), only in one case laparoscopy was performed after birth.Streszczenie W pracy przedstawiono opis 6 przypadków prenatalnie rozpoznanych torbieli jajnika, postępowanie w trakcie ciąży oraz po porodzie. W żadnym przypadku nie stosowano terapii inwazyjnej u płodu. Większość torbieli zresorbowała się samoistnie (w 1 przypadku obserwowano pękniecie cysty u płodu), tylko w jednym przypadku wymagane było wykonanie laparoskopii u dziewczynki po porodzie

Genital warts associated with HPV infection during II and III trimester of pregnancy – a case report and analysis of treatment options

More than 30 HPV types can infect the genital tract. Viral infection can be present in clinical, subclinical or latent form. A visible genital form of HPV infection are genital warts, which are commonly caused by HPV types 6 and 11, and appear on the vulva, cervix, vagina, urethra and anus. Oncogenic HPV types 16,18,31,33 and 35 are also found in genital warts and are associated with vulval (VIN), cervical (CIN) and anal (AIN) intraepithelial neoplasia. The general prevalence of HPV infection in the form of visible genital warts estimates to about 1% of sexually active adults. Approximately 15% of the infected group / of all adults have a subclinical or latent infection and at least 80% had been infected with one or more genital HPV types at some point in their lives. The highest rate of frequency of infections occurs in the group of adults, aged from 18 to 28. Over the last twenty years figures have shown a constant growth of the infection rate, which also includes pregnant women. Genital warts can proliferate during pregnancy due to altered immunity and increased blood supply. Cryotherapy, electrocautery, laser therapy, surgery or trichloroacetic acid may be used to remove the warts. In the paper a case report on genital warts associated with HPV infection during II and III trimester of pregnancy and analysis of treatment options has been presented

Heart defects and other anomalies in fetuses conceived by assisted reproduction techniques

Aim: The aim of the work was to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of structural, chromosome defects and developmental disorders in fetuses conceived with the help of different assisted reproduction techniques. Material and methods: The research group consisted of 30 patients, aged from 25 to 37, subjected to various techniques of assisted reproduction from 2003 to 2006, who reported for consultation in the referral centre. 13 (43%) of the patients underwent the IVF procedure, 12 (40%) the ICSI procedure, 5 patients underwent interuterine insemination. Ultrasonographic examination with the evaluation of the fetal heart was conducted on average in the 22nd week of gestation. Results: Multiple pregnancies constituted 14 (47%) of the examined pregnancies. In total, fetal anomalies were diagnosed in 3 fetuses (6%). Cardiovascular anomalies occurred in 2 fetuses (atrioventricular septal defect – AVSD and ventricular septal defect – VSD), each with diagnosed trisomy of chromosome pairs 21 and 18 respectively. In one case an anomaly within the urinary system was diagnosed. Conclusions: Multiple pregnancies constituted nearly half of the researched group. Structural defects were diagnosed in 3 (6%) fetuses, which slightly exceeds population risk. A higher anomaly percentage occurred in fetuses from twin pregnancies and in the group after ICSI. In the study the risk is related to the selected group of patient undergoing fetal echocardiography exam. To estimate the risk in the ART group precisely, all pregnancies conceived with implementation of ART should be examined. Multi-centre studies are our future goal