Magnet Cable Manufacturing

The cable is the heart of a superconducting accelerator magnet. Since the initial development of the Rutherford Cable more than twenty years ago, many improvements in manufacturing techniques have increased the current carrying capacity. When the Tevatron cable was specified fifteen years ago the current carrying capacity was 1800 A/mm{sup 2} at a field of 5.3T. During the intervening years it has been increased to 3000 A/mm{sup 2}. These improvements were due to refinements in the fabrication of the strands and the formation of the cable from the strands. The metallurgists were able to impart significant gains in performance by improving the homogeneity of the conductor. The engineers and technicians who designed and built the modern cabling machines made an enormous contribution by significantly reducing the degradation of wire performance that occurs when the wire was cabled. The fact that these gains were made while increasing the speed of cabling is one of the technological advances that made accelerators like the SSC possible. This article describes the cabling machines that were built to manufacture the cable for the full scale SSC prototype magnets and the low beta quadrupoles for the Fermilab Tevatron. This article also presents a compendium of the knowledge that was gained in the struggle to make high performance cable to exacting dimensional standards and at the throughput needed for the SSC. The material is an important part of the technology transfer from the Department of energy Laboratories to Industry

Introduction de techniques innovantes en matière de barrages en terre en zone sahélienne, rapport de présentation des variantes techniques

Relying on a rich experience of small earth dams found in Burkina Faso, the report is an analysis of a number of technical problems encountered on this type of installations. For each problem, technical solutions, tested for their efficiency in France, and adapted to Sahelian Africa are suggested in interesting economic conditions. The main points covered concern foundation tightness, upper and lower bank protection, embankment compaction (with natural water content), sizing and selection of the type of spillways. / S'appuyant sur la riche expérience en matière de petits barrages en terre dont dispose le Burkina Faso, le rapport analyse un certain nombre de problèmes techniques rencontrés sur ce type d'ouvrages. Il propose, sur chacun de ces points, des solutions techniques ayant fait la preuve de leur efficacité en France et qui paraissent adaptées à l'Afrique sahélienne dans des conditions économiques intéressantes. Les principaux points traités concernent l'étanchéité de la fondation, la protection des talus amont et aval, le compactage du remblai (à teneur en eau naturelle), le dimensionnement et le choix du type de déversoir de crues (béton armé posé sur digue, gabions, mastic bitumineux)

Diagnostic et réhabilitation des barrages français en maçonnerie = Diagnosis and rehabilitation of French brick dams

Most dams built in France up to the middle of the 20th century are brick dams. This article is an historical analysis of the evolution of their design, the damage they have been submitted to, and the adopted restoration techniques. After a thorough description of the diagnostic method used on these old dams, three aspects are particularly developed: - the verification of their stability and the consolidation techniques; - the reinforcement of their tightness defaults; - the revision of design floods and the increase capacity of by-channels. This summary gives a good perspective of existing techniques used to improve the safety of brick dams and their field of application. However, several questions are raised on how to fight, at reasonable costs, the ageing phenomena which affect these pieces of work. / Les barrages en maçonnerie représentent la majorité des ouvrages construits en France jusqu'au milieu du 20ème siècle. Ce papier présente une analyse historique des évolutions dans leur conception, des désordres qu'ils ont subis et des techniques adoptées pour leur réparation. Après avoir décrit la méthodologie du diagnostic de ces barrages anciens, trois aspects sont particulièrement développés : - la vérification de la stabilité et les techniques de confortement ; - le renforcement des étanchéités défaillantes ; - la révision de la crue de projet et l'augmentation de la capacité des évacuateurs de crue. Cette synthèse permet de dresser un panorama des techniques existantes pour l'amélioration de la sécurité des barrages en maçonnerie et leur domaine d'application. Quelques questions restent cependant posées sur la façon de lutter à un coût acceptable contre les phénomènes de vieillissement qui affectent ces ouvrages

Collecter, formaliser, qualifier et stocker les données pour gérer les patrimoines

Effective asset management strongly depends on the available data related to different fields: technical, environmental (in particular threats on the environment, assets and people), socio-economic and financial criteria. Different suitable modes of collection, formalization, qualification and storage must be implemented under strong regulatory constraints in some cases (Regulations for Safety of Hydraulic Structures, Decree concerning the Definition of a detailed description of the networks of public water and sanitation services, INSPIRE European Directive... ). The article offers a short review on current practices for these four tasks for different asset types.Une gestion patrimoniale efficace des infrastructures dépend fortement de la disponibilité des données issues des domaines techniques, environnementaux, socio-économiques et financiers. Aussi, il est important de mettre en ½uvre plusieurs modes appropriés pour collecter, formaliser, qualifier et stocker ces données. Cet article propose un balayage des pratiques actuelles pour différents types de patrimoine