Effects of salt stress on volatile compounds, total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of Salvia mirzayanii

AbstractSalvia mirzayanii is a medicinal and aromatic plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family, which is an endemic plant in Iran. In this study, the effects of different salt concentrations on total phenolic content, antioxidant activities and volatile components of the aerial parts of S. mirzayanii were studied. The results showed that total phenolic content increased with the increase in salt concentration. The increase was more pronounced under moderate salinity (3.8mg GAEg−1 DW at 6.8dSm−1 NaCl). Plants grown at 6.8dSm−1 NaCl displayed the highest DPPH˚ scavenging activity with the lowest IC50 value (2.13mgml−1) compared to the control. The volatile components were identified and analyzed by HS (headspace)-GC–MS using the Combi PAL System technique. The main components of control plants were α-terpinyl acetate, 1,8-cineole and bicyclogermacrene. The proportions of these main compounds were differently affected by salinity stress. The results showed that the synthesis of both total phenolic and some important volatile components was induced by moderate salinity

Investigation of Bovine Tuberculosis in Rangpur Division of Bangladesh

This study was designed with a view to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with bovine tuberculosis infection at several dairy farms of Rangpur division of Bangladesh. In this study, 150 calves of different age, breed and sex of several dairy farms in Rangpur division of Bangladesh were examined to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis by caudal fold tuberculin test (CFT) using bovine purified protein derivatives (bPPD) obtained from a licensed laboratory in India (Span diagnostics ltd). In the CFT, the percentage of positive reaction (reactors) was found 33.73. In general the younger cattle (6-12 months age) were found to be less infected than the older (5-7 years age) cattle in this study. Because of the danger of bovine tuberculosis to the public health, directly or indirectly and because of the apparently low incidence of bovine tuberculosis, it might be suggested that the infected animals should be slaughtered and destroyed without delay. It might be suggested that for obviously complete eradication of tuberculosis from the country, there should be very well coordination in activities among the public health and veterinary public health personnel

Pro-poor intervention strategies in irrigated agriculture in Asia: poverty in irrigated agriculture: issues and options: Bangladesh

Irrigated farming / Poverty / Irrigation management / Water resource management / Policy / Planning / Institutions / Organizations / Local government / Non-governmental organizations / Legislation / Water users / Participatory management / Public sector / Water allocation / Cost recovery / Households / Income / Expenditure / Irrigation canals / Bangladesh

Scalar-tensor cosmology with R^{-1} curvature correction by Noether Symmetry

We discuss scalar-tensor cosmology with an extra $R^{-1}$ correction by the Noether Symmetry Approach. The existence of such a symmetry selects the forms of the coupling $\omega(\phi)$, of the potential $V(\phi)$ and allows to obtain physically interesting exact cosmological solutions.Comment: 7 page

Impaired contractile function of the supraspinatus in the acute period following a rotator cuff tear

Background: Rotator cuff (RTC) tears are a common clinical problem resulting in adverse changes to the muscle, but there is limited information comparing histopathology to contractile function. This study assessed supraspinatus force and susceptibility to injury in the rat model of RTC tear, and compared these functional changes to histopathology of the muscle. Methods: Unilateral RTC tears were induced in male rats via tenotomy of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus. Maximal tetanic force and susceptibility to injury of the supraspinatus muscle were measured in vivo at day 2 and day 15 after tenotomy. Supraspinatus muscles were weighed and harvested for histologic analysis of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), intramuscular lipid, and collagen. Results: Tenotomy resulted in eventual atrophy and weakness. Despite no loss in muscle mass at day 2 there was a 30% reduction in contractile force, and a decrease in NMJ continuity and size. Reduced force persisted at day 15, a time point when muscle atrophy was evident but NMJ morphology was restored. At day 15, torn muscles had decreased collagen-packing density and were also more susceptible to contraction-induced injury. Conclusion: Muscle size and histopathology are not direct indicators of overall RTC contractile health. Changes in NMJ morphology and collagen organization were associated with changes in contractile function and thus may play a role in response to injury. Although our findings are limited to the acute phase after a RTC tear, the most salient finding is that RTC tenotomy results in increased susceptibility to injury of the supraspinatus

The role of peptides in bone healing and regeneration: A systematic review

Background: Bone tissue engineering and the research surrounding peptides has expanded significantly over the last few decades. Several peptides have been shown to support and stimulate the bone healing response and have been proposed as therapeutic vehicles for clinical use. The aim of this comprehensive review is to present the clinical and experimental studies analysing the potential role of peptides for bone healing and bone regeneration. Methods: A systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines was conducted. Articles presenting peptides capable of exerting an upregulatory effect on osteoprogenitor cells and bone healing were included in the study. Results: Based on the available literature, a significant amount of experimental in vitro and in vivo evidence exists. Several peptides were found to upregulate the bone healing response in experimental models and could act as potential candidates for future clinical applications. However, from the available peptides that reached the level of clinical trials, the presented results are limited. Conclusion: Further research is desirable to shed more light into the processes governing the osteoprogenitor cellular responses. With further advances in the field of biomimetic materials and scaffolds, new treatment modalities for bone repair will emerge

Intrusion Detection for Public Transportation Facilities Handbook

TRB\u27s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Report 86: Public Transportation Security, Volume 4: Intrusion Detection for Public Transportation Facilities Handbook addresses transit agencies’ needs for evaluating and upgrading the intrusion detection systems applicable to the spectrum of their facilities (including tunnels, bridges, buildings, power stations, transfer stations, rail yards, bus yards, and parking lots) and their transit vehicles (such as buses, trains, support vehicles, and special-purpose vehicles). The Handbook provides guidance on assessing system needs; developing system designs; and estimating system costs, benefits, and risks

Applicability of Portable Explosive Detection Devices in Transit Environments

TRB\u27s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Report 86: Public Transportation Security, Volume 6: Applicability of Portable Explosive Detection Devices in Transit Environments assesses the usefulness of portable explosive detectors in a transit environment to help transit agencies augment their existing explosive detection activities. The TCRP Report 86: Public Transportation Security series assembles relevant information into single, concise volumes, each pertaining to a specific security problem and closely related issues. These volumes focus on the concerns that transit agencies are addressing when developing programs in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the anthrax attacks that followed. Future volumes of the report will be issued as they are completed

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of methanolic extract and essential oil of Iranian <i>Teucrium polium</i> against some of phytobacteria

<div><p>The antibacterial activity of essential oil and methanolic extract of <i>Teucrium polium</i> was determined against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Pantoea agglomerans</i>, <i>Brenneria nigrifluens</i>, <i>Rhizobium radiobacter</i>, <i>Rhizobium vitis</i>, <i>Streptomyces scabies</i>, <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>, <i>Xanthomonas campestris</i> and <i>Pectobacterium cartovorum</i> by disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by using the serial dilution method. Chemical composition of essential oil and methanolic extract was determined by GC-MS and HPLC. α-Pinene (25.769%) and myrcene (12.507) were of the highest percentage in <i>T. polium</i> essential oil, and sinapic acid (15.553 mg/g) and eugenol (6.805 mg/g) were the major compounds in the methanolic extract. Our results indicate that both methanolic extract and essential oil did not show antibacterial activity against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Also the essential oil did not show antibacterial activity against <i>P. cartovorum</i>. In general, both methanolic extract and essential oil showed the same antibacterial activity against <i>R. solanacearum</i>, <i>P. agglomerans</i>, <i>B. nigrifluens</i> and <i>S. scabies</i>.</p></div