48 research outputs found

    An Analysis of Prosthodontic Research Productivity: Geographic, Economic, and Collaborative Perspective

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    Purpose: This study evaluated the quantity of prosthodontic literature produced globally by continent in three prosthodontic journals over a 10‐year period, 1998–2008. Prosthodontic research productivity relative to economic status of countries and collaboration among countries grouped by economic status was assessed. Materials and Methods: Three peer‐reviewed prosthodontic journals were used for the analysis of articles published in 1998, 2003, and 2008: The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, International Journal of Prosthodontics , and Journal of Prosthodontics . The country of every author listed for each included article was recorded. The number of articles published by each continent and each country was reported. Countries were grouped according to the World Bank economic classification system, and the number of articles published by each economic class was found. Results: The majority of publications over the 10‐year period were produced in Asia (Japan), Europe (Germany), and North America (USA). Productivity declined by 14.4% in high‐income countries while it increased in upper middle‐, lower middle‐, and low‐income countries. The majority of publications written by upper and lower middle‐ and low‐income countries were independent works. Articles resulting from collaboration increased over time for all economic classes of countries. Conclusions: The origins of prosthodontic literature are becoming more geographically and economically diverse, with increased contributions from Africa, Asia, and South America, and middle‐ and low‐income countries between 1998 and 2008. Collaboration between high‐income countries and the other economic group countries increased over time.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90374/1/j.1532-849X.2011.00776.x.pd

    Radiological research activity 1998–2007: relationship to gross domestic product, health expenditure and public expenditure on education

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    Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of the radiological research activity from 1998 to 2007 to the gross domestic product (GDP), health expenditure and public expenditure on education. Methods The population-adjusted research activity determined by the number of articles published, the cumulative impact factor (IF) and the cumulative IF per capita were correlated with per capita values of the GDP, health expenditure and public education expenditure. Linear regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results The cumulative IF per capita correlated with the GDP per capita (R = 0.94, P  0.05). Conclusion Radiological research activity demonstrates a close relationship to the GDP, health expenditure and public expenditure on education. The last factor independently predicts research activity

    Self-medication of migraine and tension-type headache: summary of the evidence-based recommendations of the Deutsche Migräne und Kopfschmerzgesellschaft (DMKG), the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurologie (DGN), the Österreichische Kopfschmerzgesellschaft (ÖKSG) and the Schweizerische Kopfwehgesellschaft (SKG)

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    The current evidence-based guideline on self-medication in migraine and tension-type headache of the German, Austrian and Swiss headache societies and the German Society of Neurology is addressed to physicians engaged in primary care as well as pharmacists and patients. The guideline is especially concerned with the description of the methodology used, the selection process of the literature used and which evidence the recommendations are based upon. The following recommendations about self-medication in migraine attacks can be made: The efficacy of the fixed-dose combination of acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid and caffeine and the monotherapies with ibuprofen or naratriptan or acetaminophen or phenazone are scientifically proven and recommended as first-line therapy. None of the substances used in self-medication in migraine prophylaxis can be seen as effective. Concerning the self-medication in tension-type headache, the following therapies can be recommended as first-line therapy: the fixed-dose combination of acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid and caffeine as well as the fixed combination of acetaminophen and caffeine as well as the monotherapies with ibuprofen or acetylsalicylic acid or diclofenac. The four scientific societies hope that this guideline will help to improve the treatment of headaches which largely is initiated by the patients themselves without any consultation with their physicians

    Automated office blood pressure measurements in primary care are misleading in more than one third of treated hypertensives: The VALENTINE-Greece Home Blood Pressure Monitoring study

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    Abstract Background This study assessed the diagnostic reliability of automated office blood pressure (OBP) measurements in treated hypertensive patients in primary care by evaluating the prevalence of white coat hypertension (WCH) and masked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH) phenomena. Methods Primary care physicians, nationwide in Greece, assessed consecutive hypertensive patients on stable treatment using OBP (1 visit, triplicate measurements) and home blood pressure (HBP) measurements (7 days, duplicate morning and evening measurements). All measurements were performed using validated automated devices with bluetooth capacity (Omron M7 Intelli-IT). Uncontrolled OBP was defined as ≥140/90 mmHg, and uncontrolled HBP was defined as ≥135/85 mmHg. Results A total of 790 patients recruited by 135 doctors were analyzed (age: 64.5 ± 14.4 years, diabetics: 21.4%, smokers: 20.6%, and average number of antihypertensive drugs: 1.6 ± 0.8). OBP (137.5 ± 9.4/84.3 ± 7.7 mmHg, systolic/diastolic) was higher than HBP (130.6 ± 11.2/79.9 ± 8 mmHg; difference 6.9 ± 11.6/4.4 ± 7.6 mmHg, p Conclusions In primary care, automated OBP measurements are misleading in approximately 40% of treated hypertensive patients. HBP monitoring is mandatory to avoid overtreatment of subjects with WCH phenomenon and prevent undertreatment and subsequent excess cardiovascular disease in MUCH

    Neoadjuvant treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 5520 patients

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    Sternal wound infections after coronary artery bypass grafting usinf bilateral skeletonized internal mammary arteries: frequency, etiology, risk factors and outcome

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    Coronary artery bypass on a beating heart (off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting or OPCABG) has become common in the last ten years in an attempt to decrease the complications associated with the use of extracorporeal circulation. There is also evidence that a new technique of OPCABG, which is performed with the use of bilateral skeletonized internal mammary arteries avoiding any procedure on the ascending aorta and a sternal closure technique based on alternative placement of figure of eight and single sternal wires, can further decrease sternal wound infections. In the retrospective part of the study, we examined the frequency, characteristics, and predisposing factors of postoperative infections, in a large cohort of patients undergoing OPCABG surgery over a period of 39 months (January 2001 - March 2004) at “Henry Dunant” Hospital, Athens, Greece. Cases were patients who developed microbiologically documented nosocomial infection. Patients who underwent valve surgery combined with coronary artery bypass surgery were excluded from the study. Twenty-one of 782 (2.7%) studied patients developed microbiologically documented nosocomial infection after OPCABG. Six of 782 studied patients (0,77%) developed sternal wound infection [4 (0.51%) developed superficial wound infection and 2 (0.26%) mediastinitis], 8 patients (1.02%) developed pneumonia, 7 (0.90%) bacteremia, 4 (0.51%) urinary tract infection (UTI), and 1 (0.13%) developed pressure sore infection. Four patients had infections at two or more different sites. Specifically, 1 patient had UTI and mediastinitis, 1 UTI and pressure sore infection, 1 pneumonia and bacteremia, and 1 pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and bacteremia. Thus, there were 26 episodes of microbiologically documented infections in 21 patients. The backward stepwise multivariable logistic regression model revealed that independent risk factors associated with development of microbiologically documented nosocomial infection were arterial hypertension, previous vascular surgery, urgent operation, postoperative atrial fibrillation, number of inotrops used during operation and after operation, transfusions of fresh frozen plasma during ICU stay and ICU stay until development of infection. ..............

    Φαρμακο – Επαγόμενο Σύνδρομο Βrugada

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    Το σύνδρομο Brugada είναι μια κληρονομική πάθηση που σχετίζεται με σοβαρές καρδιακές αρρυθμίες και χαρακτηρίζεται ηλεκτροκαρδιογραφικά από ανάσπαση του ST διαστήματος με το κυρτό προς τα πάνω (coved type) και ανύψωση του σημείου J τουλάχιστον κατά 2mm, σε 2 τουλάχιστον δεξιές προκάρδιες απαγωγές του ηλεκτροκαρδιογραφήματος (V1 – V3). Οι ηλεκτροκαρδιογραφικές αυτές αλλαγές δεν σχετίζονται με ισχαιμία, ηλεκτρολυτικές διαταραχές, ή γνωστή δομική καρδιακή νόσο. Η νόσος έχει συσχετισθεί με κοιλιακές αρρυθμίες, κολπικές αρρυθμίες, συγκοπή, και αιφνίδιο θάνατο. Η διάγνωση απαιτεί την παρουσία των ηλεκτροκαρδιογραφικών μεταβολών που περιγράφονται παραπάνω (τύπος 1) μαζί με τουλάχιστον ένα από τα παρακάτω αναγνωρισμένα διαγνωστικά κριτήρια: συγκοπή, επεισόδιο ανακοπής στο παρελθόν, τεκμηριωμένη ή προκλητή πολύμορφη κοιλιακή ταχυκαρδία ή κοιλιακή μαρμαρυγή, οικογενειακό ιστορικό αιφνίδιου θανάτου σε ηλικία < 45 έτη, ή τον τύπο 1 του συνδρόμου Brugada και/ή νυκτερινή εργώδη αναπνοή. Είναι μια οικογενής κατάσταση η οποία μεταβιβάζεται με αυτοσωματικό επικρατούντα χαρακτήρα με ατελή διεισδυτικότητα και με επίπτωση 5 έως 66 περιπτώσεις ανά 10.000. Η πλειονότητα των περιπτώσεων με σύνδρομο Brugada προκαλείται από μεταλλάξεις στο γονίδιο του καρδιακού διαύλου των ιόντων νατρίου SCN5A, του γονιδίου που είναι υπεύθυνο για την α-υπομονάδα του διαύλου ιόντων νατρίου. Πρόσφατα όμως αναγνωρίστηκε μια ομάδα ασθενών με οικογενές σύνδρομο αιφνιδίου θανάτου, στους οποίους αναγνωρίστηκε ο φαινότυπος του συνδρόμου Brugada σε συνδυασμό με βραχέα διαστήματα QT (QTc≤360ms). Σε αυτούς τους ασθενείς βρέθηκαν μεταλλάξεις που οδήγησαν σε απώλεια λειτουργικότητας στα γονίδια CACNA1C (A39V και G490R) και CACNB2 (S481L), τα οποία κωδικοποιούν τις α1 και β2b υπομονάδες του L-τύπου διαύλων ασβεστίου, γεγονός το οποίο φαίνεται να είναι ο αιτιολογικός παράγοντας. Παρομοίως, μετάλλαξη στο γλυκερο-3-φωσφο αφυδρογονάση 1-ομοιάζον γονίδιο (GPD1-L) έχει αναγνωριστεί ως ένα λιγότερο κοινό αίτιο του συνδρόμου Brugada. Σε αυτούς τους ασθενείς, η μετάλλαξη στο GPD1-L γονίδιο προκαλεί μια μείωση στην έκφραση επί της μεμβράνης του SCN5A και συνεπώς μια μείωση στο δυναμικό του νατρίου της κυτταρικής μεμβράνης, περίπου στο 50%, που έχει ως αποτέλεσμα την εμφάνιση του φαινοτύπου του συνδρόμου Brugada... (excerpt

    Influence of cutting conditions on the gear shaping and power skiving

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    Περίληψη: Η πλάνιση και η αποφλοίωση με κύλιση είναι από τις πιο γνωστές κατεργασίες για την κατασκευή οδοντώσεων που λειτουργούν σε υψηλό αριθμό στροφών και με υψηλές προδιαγραφές. Στην παρούσα εργασία θα εκτελεστεί πληθώρα προσομοιώσεων για τις δύο κατεργασίες. Οι προσομοιώσεις θα εκτελεστούν στο πρόγραμμα Inventor με την χρήση ενός λογισμικού προσομοίωσης των κατεργασιών κοπής οδοντώσεων που αναπτύχθηκε στο Εργαστήριο Μικροκοπής και Κατασκευαστικής Προσομοίωσης. Στόχος της εργασίας είναι η παρουσίαση ενός αναλυτικού οδηγού για τη χρήση του λογισμικού και η επεξήγηση των αποτελεσμάτων των προσομοιώσεων. Πιο συγκεκριμένα τα αποτελέσματα των κατεργασιών αφού αναλυθούν, θα δημιουργηθούν διαγράμματα στα οποία θα παρουσιάζεται η επίδραση των συνθηκών κατεργασίας, όπως η γωνία αποβλίττου, το βάθος κοπής και η πρόωση των κατεργασιών στις δυνάμεις κοπής για ευθείες και πλάγιες οδοντώσεις, εσωτερικών και εξωτερικών οδοντωτών τροχών. Τέλος θα γίνει σχολιασμός των αποτελεσμάτων και θα παρουσιαστούν τα συμπεράσματα της εργασίας
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