Antioxidant properties of flours of different origins

Plant materials are a rich source of many biologically active compounds that can be applied to food products or intended for direct consumption. Among the plant products Among the plant products with a particularly high antioxidant activity are berries, herbs, spices, grains and legumes. Flour is one of the main raw materials used in both bakery and pastry industry. Flours are rich in biologically active compounds and possess antioxidant properties. According to the literature, botanical origin of raw vegetable materials affects the polyphenol content as well as the antioxidant properties of flours derived from them [1]. The aim of the study was to determine the polyphenol content and antioxidant properties of flours of different origins

Effects of Chickpea Protein on Carbohydrate Reactivity in Acrylamide Formation in Low Humidity Model Systems

Asparagine and reducing sugars are the principal precursors of acrylamide in foods. Their main sources in pastries are flour and hen egg yolks. One method of reducing acrylamide content in food may be to add a chickpea protein preparation. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of the chickpea protein preparation on the thermodynamic properties of carbohydrates and the amount of acrylamide formed in low humidity model systems. In the studied systems, the type and amount of acrylamide precursors and humidity were designed to reflect the parameters typical of shortcrust cookies. In the study, the highest amounts of acrylamide were formed in the reaction between asparagine and fructose and the lowest in the reaction between asparagine and sucrose. Furthermore, the addition of chickpea protein to the analyzed carbohydrate–asparagine model systems reduced the content of acrylamide formed during baking at 180 °C regardless of the type of carbohydrate. The greatest acrylamide reduction (41%) was found in the model system containing fructose

Functional Features of Breadcrumbs with the participation of Lupine Preparation

Breading is the process of coating products in layers of breading mix composed usually of flour, bread crumbs, egg white and spices. The process of breading is applied in order to: give the desired golden-brown color and crispiness to the products, seal in moisture and meat aroma, reduce the amount of absorbed fat, provide better resistance to mechanical stress, prolong product durability, protect proteins from direct heat. In order to improve its health quality, breading was enriched with the preparations of lupine (flour or protein isolate). Pulses have health promoting properties due to the presence of functional components. Proteins present in the lupine have a hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant activity. Another very important functional component are essential fatty acids EFAs (they account for about 80% of the total lipid fraction, of which 60% is oleic and linolenic acid). In addition to aforementioned lupine seeds components, also phenolic compounds are present which exhibit anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergenic activit

Binding and Detoxification of Insecticides by Potentially Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) Environment—An In Vitro Study

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) naturally inhabiting the digestive tract of honeybees are known for their ability to detoxify xenobiotics. The effect of chlorpyrifos, coumaphos, and imidacloprid on the growth of LAB strains was tested. All strains showed high resistance to these insecticides. Subsequently, the insecticide binding ability of LAB was investigated. Coumaphos and chlorpyrifos were bound to the greatest extent (up to approx. 64%), and imidacloprid to a much weaker extent (up to approx. 36%). The insecticides were detected in extra- and intracellular extracts of the bacterial cell wall. The ability of selected LAB to reduce the cyto- and genotoxicity of insecticides was tested on two normal (ovarian insect Sf-9 and rat intestinal IEC-6) cell lines and one cancer (human intestinal Caco-2) cell line. All strains exhibited various levels of reduction in the cyto- and genotoxicity of tested insecticides. It seems that coumaphos was detoxified most potently. The detoxification abilities depended on the insecticide, LAB strain, and cell line. The detoxification of insecticides in the organisms of honeybees may reduce the likelihood of the penetration of these toxins into honeybee products consumed by humans and may contribute to the improvement of the condition in apiaries and honeybee health

Characteristics and biological properties of ferulic acid

The interest in the properties of hydroxycinnamic acids with health-promoting properties is constantly increasing. That is why more and more research is being conducted to better understand these properties. Ferulic acid, FA (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid) is a derivative of hydroxycinnamic acid found in the plant tissue. It is possible to find him among others in bran cereal, popcorn bamboo shoots, and coffee. According to available literature data ferulic acid has a lot of biological properties, particularly appreciated in medicine. Its bioactive properties effectively contribute to the fight against diseases described as a civilization, including neurodegenerative diseases that increase the incidence. As reported the World Alzheimer Report, the number of people with dementia progression in 2016 exceeded 47.5 million, of which 33.5 million were diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. According to the WHO estimates, this number will triple by 2050. The manuscript presents health-promoting properties of FA on the example of its antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, neuroprotective, antineoplastic and antibacterial properties. In addition, the reaction of its synthesis in plants and in-vivo metabolization have been explained. The collected data suggest that bioactive FA molecules can effectively reduce the risk of civilization diseases and significantly reduce the level of oxidative stress contributing to the formation of neurodegenerative diseases