7 research outputs found

    Storlek, vinst eller kursutveckling - Vad förklarar VD:s ersÀttning?

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    Uppsatsens syfte Àr att granska företag noterade pÄ A-listan vid Stockholmsbörsen för att undersöka huruvida ersÀttningen till den VD hos dessa kan förklaras av företagets storlek, vinst, absolut kursutveckling och relativ kursutveckling ur ett aktieÀgarperspektiv. Undersökningen kommer att genomföras med kvantitativ induktiv ansats och grundar sig pÄ numerisk data och statistisk analys. Uppsatsen kommer att behandla samtliga företag vid Stockholmsbörsens A-lista, dÀr utlÀndska företag exkluderas. DÀrefter kommer en regressionsanalys att göras för att faststÀlla huruvida det föreligger ett samband mellan valda variabler. Av de undersökningar vi genomfört har vi kommit fram till att storleken pÄ företaget har den största pÄverkan pÄ VD:s fasta ersÀttning, men har Àven inverkan pÄ den rörliga ersÀttningen. Vi fann ett svagt samband mellan rÀntabilitet och VD:s rörliga ersÀttning och med detta kan slutsatsen dras att vinstmÄtt utgör ett av mÄnga styrinstrument för att nÄ internt uppsatta mÄl. NÄgot entydigt samband mellan ersÀttning och nÄgon typ av kursutveckling pÄvisades inte. DÀrmed blir slutsatsen att ersÀttningssystemet pÄ kort sikt inte fungerar ur ett aktieÀgarperspektiv

    Ledningens engagemang för intranÀtet pÄ USiL - Universitetssjukhuset i Lund

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    Ett fungerande intranĂ€t kan idag utgöra en stor tillgĂ„ng för ett företag, en förutsĂ€ttning för detta Ă€r att intranĂ€tet anvĂ€nds av de anstĂ€llda dĂ„ det Ă€r de som aktivt ska vara med och skapa intranĂ€tets innehĂ„ll. Ett vĂ€l fungerande intranĂ€t kan bidra till att information hittas lĂ€ttare och att kunskapsspridningen inom organisationen ökar. Att undersöka om och hur ledningen pĂ„ Universitetssjukhuset i Lund arbetar för att lyfta intranĂ€tet och intranĂ€tsanvĂ€ndningen till en högre nivĂ„ Ă€r uppsatsens syfte. Undersökningen som genomfördes utformades med en induktiv ansats. Nyfikenheten vĂ€cktes i empirin och verkligheten, problemformuleringen och syftet var av ett utforskande slag – empirin leder in i teorin. De Ă„tta divisionscheferna och sjukhuschefen pĂ„ USiL (Universitetssjukhuset i Lund) intervjuades och dessa intervjuer Ă€r underlag för empirin. De slutsatser som har kunnat dras med hjĂ€lp av teori om organisationer och intranĂ€t Ă€r att: FörstĂ„else skapar engagemang och ledningens engagemang Ă€r viktigt för organisationens anvĂ€ndande av intranĂ€tet. Det borde ocksĂ„ finnas en gemensam uppfattning kring hur intranĂ€tet ska anvĂ€ndas

    Effort to map the intellectual capital in SkÄne

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    This study has showed that the human capital is concentrated in the western parts of SkĂ„ne and predominantly close to the largest cities. Relation capital plays an important role for municipalities in order to achieve reach of the resources within the municipality and to use external resources within reach. Insourcing and outsourcing of resources could improve the performance and leverage on the intellectual capital. The reach of the internal resources and the supply of external resources within reach are probably more important than the administration of the municipality and the administration should shift focus accordingly. The inability to do this could result in municipal impotence – the inability to perform albeit textbook settings. Finally the current division of SkĂ„ne in 33 municipalities might be antiquated and inefficient – maybe the intellectual capital could get more turbo by leveraging several municipalities’ collective resources

    Tumor genetic heterogeneity analysis of chronic sun-damaged melanoma

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    Chronic sun-damaged (CSD) melanoma represents 10%-20% of cutaneous melanomas and is characterized by infrequent BRAF V600E mutations and high mutational load. However, the order of genetic events or the extent of intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH) in CSDhigh melanoma is still unknown. Ultra-deep targeted sequencing of 40 cancer-associated genes was performed in 72 in situ or invasive CMM, including 23 CSDhigh cases. In addition, we performed whole exome and RNA sequencing on multiple regions of primary tumor and multiple in-transit metastases from one CSDhigh melanoma patient. We found no significant difference in mutation frequency in melanoma-related genes or in mutational load between in situ and invasive CSDhigh lesions, while this difference was observed in CSDlow lesions. In addition, increased frequency of BRAF V600K, NF1, and TP53 mutations (p 95% shared mutations. Our results provide evidence that CSDhigh and CSDlow melanomas are distinct molecular entities that progress via different genetic routes

    Multiregion whole-exome sequencing uncovers the genetic evolution and mutational heterogeneity of early-stage metastatic melanoma

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    Cancer genome sequencing has shed light on the underlying genetic aberrations that drive tumorigenesis. However, current sequencing-based strategies, which focus on a single tumor biopsy, fail to take into account intratumoral heterogeneity. To address this challenge and elucidate the evolutionary history of melanoma, we performed whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing of 41 multiple melanoma biopsies from eight individual tumors. This approach revealed heterogeneous somatic mutations in the range of 3%-38% in individual tumors. Known mutations in melanoma drivers BRAF and NRAS were always ubiquitous events. Using RNA sequencing, we found that the majority of mutations were not expressed or were expressed at very low levels, and preferential expression of a particular mutated allele did not occur frequently. In addition, we found that the proportion of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation-induced C>T transitions differed significantly (P <0.001) between early and late mutation acquisition, suggesting that different mutational processes operate during the evolution of metastatic melanoma. Finally, clinical history reports revealed that patients harboring a high degree of mutational heterogeneity were associated with more aggressive disease progression. In conclusion, our multiregion tumor-sequencing approach highlights the genetic evolution and non-UVB mutational signatures associated with melanoma development and progression, and may provide a more comprehensive perspective of patient outcome

    DNA promoter hypermethylation of melanocyte lineage genes determines melanoma phenotype

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    Cellular stress contributes to the capacity of melanoma cells to undergo phenotype switching into highly migratory and drug tolerant dedifferentiated states. Such dedifferentiated melanoma cell states are marked by loss of melanocyte specific gene expression and increase of mesenchymal markers. Two crucial transcription factors, MITF and SOX10, important in melanoma development and progression have been implicated in this process. In this study we describe that loss of MITF is associated with a distinct transcriptional program, MITF promoter hypermethylation and poor patient survival in metastatic melanoma. From a comprehensive collection of melanoma cell lines, we observed that MITF methylated cultures were subdivided in two distinct subtypes. Examining mRNA levels of neural crest associated genes we found that one subtype had lost the expression of several lineage genes including SOX10. Intriguingly, SOX10 loss was associated with SOX10 gene promoter hypermethylation and distinct phenotypic and metastatic properties. Depletion of SOX10 in MITF methylated melanoma cells using CRISPR/Cas9 confirmed these findings. In conclusion, this study describes the significance of melanoma state and the underlying functional properties explaining the aggressiveness of such states
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