Effects of milk from goat fed Crotalaria spectabilis seeds on growing rats

Seeds of Crotalaria spectabilis, containing the pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) monocrotaline (MCT), were fed to a lactating dairy goat. Milk from this goat was fed to rats for 8 weeks to determine whether MCT or its toxic metabolites are transferred into the goat’s milk. Rats from the experimental group showed significantly higher (p<0.05) serum levels of ALT, AST, GGT and LDH and less weight gains (p<0.05) than control rats. The most significant lesions in rats consuming the experimental ration were mild to moderate interstitial pneumonia and a vacuolar degeneration and occasionally necrosis of periportal hepatocytes. The results of this study indicate that the PA and/or its metabolites are eliminated in milk.Sementes de Crotalaria spectabilis, as quais contêm o alcalóide pirrolizidínico (AP), monocrotalina (MCT), foram moídas e administradas junto com a ração a uma cabra em lactação. O leite dessa cabra foi liofilizado e oferecido na ração por 8 semanas a ratos para determinar se a MCT ou seus metabólitos poderiam estar sendo significantemente eliminados no leite. Os ratos provenientes do grupo experimental apresentaram aumento significante (p<0,05) nos níveis séricos de ALT, AST, GGT e LDH e menor ganho de peso (p<0,05) que os ratos do grupo controle. As lesões mais significativas observadas nos animais que ingeriram a ração experimental foram pneumonia intersticial moderada e degeneração vacuolar e ocasionalmente necrose dos hepatócitos de região periportal. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que o AP e/ou seus metabólitos podem ser eliminados no leite

Caracterização dos ileostomizados atendidos em um serviço de referência de ostomizados

Objective: To characterize the patients with ileostomies who are registered in the Ostomy Association of Rio Grande do Norte. Material and Method: Retrospective exploratory study, with quantitative approach, based on the data obtained from the registration forms of 97 people with an ostomy, on the period of November, 2013 to January 2014, from an Ostomy Association that belongs to the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Results: There were mainly female patients, with an average age of 57.08 years, white/brown, married, coming from the oriental coastal zone, with incomplete basic education, retired and with one minimum wage. Regarding the duration and reason for the ileostomies' confection, the tumor of rectum/neoplasia of rectum/cancer of rectum was the main cause and most of them were temporary. Conclusion: The knowledge about these patient’s profiles allows to identify their needs, stimulating the multidisciplinary team to make use of conducts that can help the patients to live with the ostomy.Objetivo: Caracterizar a los pacientes ileostomizados registrados en la Asociación de Ostomizados de Río Grande do Norte. Material y Métodos: Estudio exploratorio, retrospectivo, con abordaje cuantitativo, basado en datos obtenidos de las fichas de inscripción de 97 personas con ostomías, en el periodo de noviembre de 2013 a enero de 2014, en una asociación de ostomizados en el estado de Rio Grande do Norte, RN, Brasil. Resultados: Predominaron pacientes de sexo femenino, con edad media de 57,08 años, blanco/pardo, casados, procedentes de la zona costera del este, educación primaria incompleta, jubilados y con 1  salario mínimo. En cuanto a la duración y motivo del origen de la ileostomía, el tumor de recto/neoplasia de recto/cáncer de recto fue la causa principal y la mayoría de ellas fueron temporales. Conclusión: El conocimiento del perfil de estos pacientes permite la identificación de las necesidades de los ostomizados, estimulando al equipo multidisciplinar para implementar comportamientos que ayuden a los pacientes a aceptar y vivir con la ostomía.Objetivo: Caracterizar os pacientes ileostomizados cadastrados na Associação dos Ostomizados do Rio Grande do Norte. Material e Método: Estudo exploratório retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa, baseado nos dados obtidos das fichas cadastrais de 97 pessoas com ostomias, no período de novembro de 2013 a janeiro de 2014, em uma associação de ostomizados no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, RN, BrasilResultados: Predominaram pacientes do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 57,08 anos, branco/pardo, casados, procedentes da zona litoral oriental, ensino fundamental incompleto, aposentados e 1 salário mínimo. Quanto à duração e motivo para confecção das ileostomias, o tumor de reto/neoplasia de reto/câncer de reto foi a principal causa e a maioria delas eram temporárias.Conclusão: O conhecimento do perfil desses pacientes permite a identificação das necessidades dos ostomizados, estimulando a equipe multiprofissional à execução de condutas que auxiliem o pacientes a aceitar e conviver com a estomia

AS IMPLICAÇÕES DO MUNDO VIRTUAL NO MUNDO DO TRABALHO: CIDADANIAS IMPEDIDAS?

Este artigo analisa a percepção de cidadania de servidores da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) e da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), relativamente à obrigatoriedade de utilizar-se das ferramentas do SIAPENET, sítio oficial de informações do Sistema Integrado de Administração de Recursos Humanos (SIAPE), atualmente substituído pelo Sistema de Gestão de Pessoas do Governo Federal (SIGEPE), para acessarem informações pessoais e funcionais, verificando suas principais implicações no ambiente organizacional. A pesquisa teve caráter qualitativo, com base na análise de discurso, e o aspecto comparativo esteve presente. Foram entrevistados 21 servidores em cada instituição, totalizando 42. Os resultados demonstraram que a inserção nesse ambiente organizacional, denominado aqui como espaço geográfico virtual, os servidores públicos estão atentos a relação e às implicações que ocorrem entre eles mesmos e nesse mundo virtual, referentes à vivência e à percepção da cidadania

The expected profile of an accounting professor : an analysis from the students from the city of Barcelos - Portugal

Na Europa a Declaração de Bolonha possibilitou a integração entre os 30 Estados-Membros, facilitando o ingresso no ensino superior e também ampliando as oportunidades de intercâmbio entre as universidades. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar a percepção dos alunos portugueses quanto à competência necessária ao julgamento de um bom professor. Justifica-se o estudo face à necessidade constante de formar melhores Contadores e logo, também, melhores professores da área Contábil. Para a concretização deste trabalho, foi aplicado um questionário a 127 alunos de uma instituição de ensino localizada na Cidade de Barcelos, no distrito de Braga. O questionário buscou mensurar a importância de cinco competências, atribuídas pelos alunos aos docentes, combinados de maneira a formar doze perfis distintos. Foi concluído que a competência docente e experiência de mercado são os atributos de melhor e pior avaliação. Já, quanto ao perfil, um “bom professor”, no julgamento dos respondentes, é aquele docente que possui uma boa didática, um próximo relacionamento com os alunos, muita experiência de mercado, pouca exigência e amplo conhecimento teórico.In Europe, the Bologna Declaration has enabled the integration among the 30 Member States, facilitating the access to higher education and also expanding opportunities for exchanges among universities. The objective of this work is to identify the perception of Portuguese students concerning the necessary competence for the judgment of a good teacher. The study is justified due to the constant need to form better Accountants, and consequently, also better teachers in the Accounting area. To accomplish this work, a questionnaire was applied to 127 students in an educational institution located in the city of Barcelos, in the district of Braga, Portugal. The questionnaire sought to measure the importance of five teaching skills, assigned by students to teachers, combined to form twelve distinct profiles. It was concluded that teaching competence and market experience got the best and also the worst evaluations. As for the profile, a "good teacher", in the judgment of the respondents, is that teacher who has a good didactic, a close relationship with the students, a lot of market experience, a broad theoretical knowledge and who is not much demanding

South American Rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus spp.) Envenomation in Dogs in the Semiarid Region of Brazil

Background:  South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus spp.) envenomation is rarely reported in small animals and livestock in Brazil. Minor swelling at the snakebite site, skeletal muscle, and renal damage, and severe neurological signs characterize the crotalic envenomation. This case report aims to present epidemiological, clinical, and pathological data of two cases of Crotalus durissus spp envenomation in dogs in the Northeast of Brazil.Cases: Envenomation by Crotalus durissus spp. was recorded in two dogs in Patos, State of Paraíba, Brazil. In Case 1, the dog presented flaccid paralysis, hyporeflexia, a deficit of cranial nerves, epistaxis, and gingival hemorrhages. Laboratory assay showed proteinuria, myoglobinuria, regenerative thrombocytopenia, and increased serum activities of creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The dog was medicated with crotalic antivenom and wholly recovered from local and systemic clinical signs. In Case 2, the dog died and was detected fang marks at the ventral region of the left mandible (two small parallel perforations spaced 2.0 cm apart) at the snakebite site. Cyanosis of the oral cavity, congestion, and hemorrhages in several organs were observed at necropsy. Tubular nephrosis, muscular necrosis, hepatocytes swelling were observed. The owners witnessed snakebites, and the rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus spp.) identified by the rattle at the end portion of the tail in both cases. Discussion: Natural South American rattlesnake envenomation presents complex clinical signs that makes diagnosis a challenge for veterinary practitioners. The criteria for the correct diagnosis and observed in the two dogs include witness of the snakebite, identification of the snake, detection of fang marks, clinical-pathological findings, and therapeutic response to treatment with specific anti-venom. The dog’s owners did not identify the subspecies of rattlesnakes; however, Crotalus durissus cascavella and Crotalus durissus collilineatus are the only species found in the Northeast region of Brazil. Crotoxin is the primary toxic component of South American rattlesnake, which induces neuromuscular blockage, and neurological signs (skeletal muscle flaccid paralysis, apathy, hyporeflexia, cranial nerve deficits). These clinical signs are similar to those observed in the two dogs. Respiratory distress, cyanosis, pulmonary edema, and hemorrhage are secondary to respiratory muscle paralysis and also detected in a dog (Case 2) with crotalic envenomation. Minor local swelling at the snakebite site,  myotoxicity observed in both dogs (high serum activities of CK and AST - Case 1), degeneration and necrosis of muscle fibers - Case 2), and fang marks observed in Case 2, strengthen the diagnosis of Crotalus durissus envenomation. Nephrotoxicity was also detected in both dogs (increased specific gravity of urine - Case 1 and myoglobin deposition and degeneration of renal epithelial tubular cells - Case 2). Coagulative disorders and hepatotoxicity are infrequently in domestic animals and humans with crotalic envenomation. High serum activities of ALP and ALT in Case 1, and swelling of hepatocytes in Case 2, suggest liver damage associated with the crotalic envenomation. The differential diagnosis of South American rattlesnake envenomation should be included in dogs with acute neuromuscular flaccid paralysis, associated or not with bleeding disorders, myoglobinuria, and acute kidney injury

Effects of consumption of galactooligosaccharides obtained through whey enzymatically modified on the faecal flora and nutritional parameters of hamsters

The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of wheyenzymatically modified rich in galactooligosaccharides in thenutritional characteristics and effects in the microflora of cecumcontents by the study with Golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetusauratus) for 28 days (controlled conditions). Three isoproteic dietswere prepared (20% w/w): C (casein), W (whey) and G (wheymodified). The groups studied differed positively from the C regardingfeed and protein efficiency ratio. The relationships (w/w) oforgan/body were found proportional in all diets. The counts ofprobiotics from the cecum contents the groups showed no difference.The pHs of studied groups were lower than C, this acidity can atimpairs the ability of pathogens to grow in the intestine. Resultssuggest that using whey enzymatically modified rich ingalactooligosaccharides could replace the standard diet withnutritional efficiency and possible inhibit the microorganismspathogenic without induce damage in health.Fil: Dos Santos Da Fonseca, Renata Aline. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Rodrigues Machado, Adriana. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; BrasilFil: Muniz Moreira, Lidiane. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; BrasilFil: Rodrigues, Rosane S.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Machado, Mirian. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Souza Soares, Leonor A.. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; BrasilFil: Burkert, Carlos André V.. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; BrasilFil: Burkert, Janaína Fernandes de Medeiros. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; Brasi

Uma Abordagem do Scrum para Gestão de Tempo, Produtividade e Bem-Estar

Scrum has been a framework widely used in the management of softwareprojects in the perspective of agile development. The successand simplicity of Scrum has motivated its adoption in other fields,such as its version for education - eduScrum. In this sense, thiswork presents a Scrum approach to time and productivity management,incorporating positive psychology practices and techniquesin order to improve the wellness of users. In an initial experiment,proposed as a challenge to volunteers, an impact on the positiveemotions and subjective well-being of about 50% of the participantswas obtained. Participants’ reports indicate that the approachcontributed to better planning, greater organization and focus onactivities, in addition to promoting the well-being of participantswith exercises related to optimism and gratitude

ANÁLISE DE ATRIBUTOS NA PREFERÊNCIA ENTRE CONSUMO DE MEDICAMENTOS GENÉRICOS E SIMILARES OU MEDICAMENTOS DE REFERÊNCIA

O objetivo principal do estudo foi analisar a importância dos atributos marca, qualidade e preço no processo de decisão de compra dos consumidores de medicamentos genéricos, similares e de referência na cidade de São Paulo e nos municípios da região metropolitana. Definiu-se para a coleta de dados o método de pesquisa quantitativo do tipo survey, via plataforma online, com amostragem não probabilística por conveniência. Os resultados indicam que a maioria dos respondentes da pesquisa têm conhecimento da diferença entre esses medicamentos. Quanto as motivações que levam a preferência por esses tipos de medicamentos, preço, qualidade e confiança são os principais motivadores para a compra de medicamentos genéricos e similares, e qualidade, confiança e recomendação médica para os medicamentos de referência. Analisadas as motivações quando os respondentes realizam a compra para outra pessoa (shopper), padrão similar foi observado nas motivações na compra desses medicamentos. Em paralelo, a influência de profissionais da saúde na decisão de compra dos consumidores, quanto à recomendação médica ou à recomendação do balconista da farmácia, também se mostrou expressiva, resultados esses semelhantes aos obtidos em outros estudos relacionados ao tema deste trabalho

Simultaneous infection of human host with genetically distinct isolates of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

This study is the first report on genetic differences between isolates of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis from a single patient. We describe a simultaneous infection with genetically distinct isolates of P. brasiliensis in a patient with chronic paracoccidioidomycosis. The clinical isolates were obtained from lesions in different anatomical sites and were characterised by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. The RAPD technique can be helpful for distinguishing between clinical isolates. Different random primers were used to characterise these clinical isolates. The RAPD patterns allowed for differentiation between isolates and the construction of a phenetic tree, which showed more than 28% genetic variability in this fungal species, opening new possibilities for clinical studies of P. brasiliensis. Based on these results and preliminary clinical findings, we suggest that different genotypes of P. brasiliensis might infect the same patient, inducing the active form of the disease.Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Laboratório de MicologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e ParasitologiaUniversidade de Cuiabá Hospital Geral Universitário Laboratório de MicologiaUNIFESP, Depto. de Microbiologia, Imunologia e ParasitologiaSciEL