A Historiometric Examination of Machiavellianism and a New Taxonomy of Leadership

Although researchers have extensively examined the relationship between charismatic leadership and Machiavellianism (Deluga, 2001; Gardner & Avolio, 1995; House & Howell, 1992), there has been a lack of investigation of Machiavellianism in relation to alternative forms of outstanding leadership. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationship between Machiavellianism and a new taxonomy of outstanding leadership comprised of charismatic, ideological, and pragmatic leaders. Using an historiometric approach, raters assessed Machiavellianism via the communications of 120 outstanding leaders in organizations across the domains of business, political, military, and religious institutions. Academic biographies were used to assess twelve general performance measures as well as twelve general controls and five communication specific controls. The results indicated that differing levels of Machiavellianism is evidenced across the differing leader types as well as differing leader orientation. Additionally, Machiavellianism appears negatively related to performance, though less so when type and orientation are taken into account.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

Genetic control and heritability of resistance to grain mold in F2:5 sorghum families with non-pigmented testa

Grain mold limits the productivity of food-type Sorghum bicolor by reducing grain yield and quality. The disease is caused by a complex of fungi including Curvularia lunata, Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp. Phoma sp., and Helminthosporium sp. The presence of many fungal species and environmental factors make breeding and selecting for tolerance difficult. It is the goal of many sorghum breeding programs to improve this trait. However, further information on the heritability of the trait is needed..