Block-separable linking constraints in augmented Lagrangian coordination

Augmented Lagrangian coordination (ALC) is a provably convergent coordination method for multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) that is able to treat both linking variables and linking functions (i.e. system-wide objectives and constraints). Contrary to quasi-separable problems with only linking variables, the presence of linking functions may hinder the parallel solution of subproblems and the use of the efficient alternating directions method of multipliers. We show that this unfortunate situation is not the case for MDO problems with block-separable linking constraints. We derive a centralized formulation of ALC for block-separable constraints, which does allow parallel solution of subproblems. Similarly, we derive a distributed coordination variant for which subproblems cannot be solved in parallel, but that still enables the use of the alternating direction method of multipliers. The approach can also be used for other existing MDO coordination strategies such that they can include block-separable linking constraints

Extension of Analytical Target Cascading Using Augmented Lagrangian Coordination for Multidisciplinary Design Optimization

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/77083/1/AIAA-2008-5843-768.pd

Coordination Specification for Distributed Optimal System Design Using the Chi Language

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76202/1/AIAA-2002-5410-847.pd

Coordination Specification of the Analytical Target Cascading Process using the Chi Language

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76587/1/AIAA-2002-5637-610.pd

A Descriptive Study of a Clinical Evaluation Tool and Process: Student and Faculty Perspectives

Clinical evaluation tools are designed to assess nursing students’ knowledge, skills, and attitudes related to program and course outcomes and professional nursing standards. Students, faculty, administrators, and the public rely on the effectiveness of the tool and process to determine progression within the curriculum and validate competency. In May 2012, a revised clinical evaluation tool was implemented in a baccalaureate nursing program. This study was undertaken to evaluate the revised clinical evaluation tool by exploring the perspectives of students and faculty who use the tool and engage in the evaluation process. Findings revealed the tool was user friendly and instructions were clear, with sufficient grading criteria to determine clinical competency. Findings also revealed areas for improvement in the evaluation process, including orientation to the tool, connecting program outcomes to clinical performance, and meaningful participation in evaluation. Recommendations are made for improving the clinical evaluation proces

A micro-accelerometer MDO benchmark problem

Many optimization and coordination methods for multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) have been proposed in the last three decades. Suitable MDO benchmark problems for testing and comparing these methods are few however. This article presents a new MDO benchmark problem based on the design optimization of an ADXL150 type lateral capacitive micro-accelerometer. The behavioral models describe structural and dynamic effects, as well as electrostatic and amplification circuit contributions. Models for important performance indicators such as sensitivity, range, noise, and footprint area are presented. Geometric and functional constraints are included in these models to enforce proper functioning of the device. The developed models are analytical, and therefore highly suitable for benchmark and educational purposes. Four different problem decompositions are suggested for four design cases, each of which can be used for testing MDO coordination algorithms. As a reference, results for an all-in-one implementation, and a number of augmented Lagrangian coordination algorithms are given. © 2009 The Author(s)

How healthcare providers’ own death anxiety influences their communication with patients in end-of-life care: A thematic analysis

Healthcare providers’ own death anxiety can influence end-of-life communication. We interviewed nine palliative care health providers about their experiences of providing end-of-life care. Participants also completed the Revised Death Anxiety Scale. A thematic analysis of the interview transcripts identified one theme labelled ‘avoidant coping’ and another labelled ‘death anxiety awareness’, which are presented in the context of the participants’ own Revised Death Anxiety Scale scores. The findings show that avoidant death anxiety coping can compromise end-of-life communication, but that greater awareness of death anxiety can help overcome avoidant coping. The findings can inform potential improvements in healthcare practice and training.N/

DOI 10.1007/s00158-004-0398-8

Framework for sequential approximate optimizatio