Dynamic process fault isolation by partial DPCA

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a popular tool in fault detecting of the complex plant, but offers little support on fault isolation. Partial PCA (PPCA) is well developed for its capability of fault isolation utilizing a structured residual. In this paper, partial dynamic PCA(PDPCA) is proposed to enhance the isolation ability of dynamic process, which is a method combining PPCA and dynamic PCA. Simulation of PDPCA on a CSTR shows the effectiveness of the proposed method

Visualization of the entire process of rice spikelet infection by Ustilaginoidea virens through nondestructive inoculation

IntroductionRice false smut caused by Ustilaginoidea virens, is a destructive fungal disease encountered in many rice-producing areas worldwide. To determine the process by which U. virens infects rice spikelets in the field.MethodsThe green fluorescent protein-labeled U. virens was used as an inoculum to conduct artificial inoculation on rice at the booting stage via non-destructive panicle sheath instillation inoculation.ResultsThe results showed that the conidia of U. virens germinated on the surface of rice glumes and produced hyphae, which clustered at the mouth of rice glumes and entered the glumes through the gap between the palea and lemma. The conidia of U. virens colonized in rice floral organs, which led to pollen abortion of rice. U. virens wrapped the whole rice floral organ, and the floral organ-hyphae complex gradually expanded to open the glumes to form a rice false smut ball, which was two to three times larger than that observed in normal rice.DiscussionPanicle sheath instillation inoculation was shown to be a non-destructive inoculation method that could simulate the natural infection of U. virens in the field. The entire infection process of U. virens was visualized, providing a theoretical reference for formulating strategies to control rice false smut in the field

The visibility of digital money : a video study of mobile payments using WeChat Pay

This paper analyses situated uses of digital payment platforms, contributing to the sociology of money, and digital sociology. Our data are video recordings of 256 small-scale transactions, gathered from across four Chinese cities, at grocery stores, supermarkets, street markets, restaurants, and cafes. Our focus is the visibility of money and we focus on a particular circumstance associated with some WeChat payments. In the cases we analyse, payment is made visible via a confirmation screen the customer alone sees. We argue payment applications provide a good empirical site for understanding how digital media reconfigure ‘the social’ by shaping how monetary information is seen and heard. Rather than eliminating trust, reducing transactions to impersonal semi-automated affairs, we show mobile payments generate new and complex patterns of economic action. A nuanced language game is described that requires sellers trust customers are acting in good faith. We show how ‘the social’ is imprinted on this contemporary monetary medium

Lamb waves manipulation by piezoelectric metasurface with tunable diffraction orders

In this paper, a piezoelectric metasurface is proposed to manipulate the anti-symmetric mode Lamb wave by altering the diffraction order. The metasurface attached to a host plate is symmetrically arranged by out-of-plane polarized piezoelectric patches connected with synthetic inductance circuits. Without changing the physical configuration, the transmitted phase of the anti-symmetric mode Lamb wave can be shifted arbitrarily in 0 ∼ 2π range by the metasurface. Furthermore, the relationship between the phase gradient and diffraction order is investigated, and different orders of diffraction waves can be obtained by adjusting the shunting inductance circuits. The symmetric transmission and asymmetric transmission from a couple of axis symmetric incident waves can be realized by utilizing +1st-order and −1st-order diffraction. Moreover, omnidirectional wave reflection and wave trapping in channelized waveguides can also be realized by utilizing the 0th-order diffraction. The results indicate that the proposed piezoelectric metasurface has great potentials in manipulating guided waves with a large incident angle and isolating wave propagation

Clinical and molecular evaluations of siblings with “pure” 11q23.3-qter trisomy or reciprocal monosomy due to a familial translocation t (10;11) (q26;q23.3)

11qter trisomy is rare, mostly occurs in combination with partial monosomy of a terminal segment of another chromosome due to unbalanced segregation of parental translocations. Pure 11qter trisomy is rarer, only five cases have so far been reported. Here we report a family with all four siblings affected with neurodevelopmental disorders and facial dysmorphism. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) identified 11q23.3-qter (15.1 Mb) deletion in one and reciprocal duplication in the other three siblings. Both father and grandfather are balanced translocation (46, XY, t (10;11) (q26;q23)) carriers. The genetic material involved on chromosome 10 is very limited (270 kb). Thus, the pedigree presented rare cases with “pure” 11qter trisomy or reciprocal 11qter monosomy (Jacobsen syndrome), offering a unique opportunity to examine clinical presentations of multiple individuals with identical genomic imbalance. The proband with 11qter monosomy presented with many features of Jacobsen syndrome. The three 11qter trisomy carriers presented with shared craniofacial features including brachycephaly and short philtrum. They are also significant for the following neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric defects: intellectual disability, expressive language deficiency, autistic features, auditory hallucination, self-talking and pain insensitivity. To our knowledge, this is the smallest “pure” trisomy 11qter so far reported and this is the first report to describe the neuropsychiatric features of patients with 11qter trisomy. Our observation also revealed dissimilar features in our patients compared with those of previously published trisomy 11qter cases. The pedigree also revealed phenotypic heterogeneity among siblings with identical genomic imbalance

Analysis of complete mitogenomes and phylogenetic relationships of Frontopsylla spadix and Neopsylla specialis

Fleas represent a group of paramount medical significance, subsisting on blood and acting as vectors for an array of naturally occurring diseases. These pathogens constitute essential elements within the plague biome, exerting deleterious effects on both human and livestock health. In this study, we successfully assembled and sequenced the whole mitochondrial genome of Frontopsylla spadix and Neopsylla specialis using long-range PCR and next-generation sequencing technologies. The mitogenomes of F. spadix and N. specialis both have 37 genes with full lengths of 15,085 bp and 16,820 bp, respectively. The topology of the phylogenetic tree elucidates that species F. spadix is clustered in a branch alongside other members of the family Leptopsyllidae, whereas species N. specialis is a sister taxon to Dorcadia ioffi and Hystrichopsylla weida qinlingensis. It also suggests that Pulicidae form a monophyletic clade, Ctenopthalmidae, Hystrichopsyllidae, Vermipsyllidae form a sister group to Ceratophyllidae/Leptopsyllidae group. The mitochondrial genomes of F. spadix and N. specialis were sequenced for the first time, which will contribute to a more comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Siphonaptera order. The foundation for subsequent systematic studies, and molecular biology of fleas was established