Participação, representação e cidadania política na América Latina

This introductory text to the 40th Issue of "Pensamiento Propio" refers to the diversity in the search to expand and deepen democracy in the continent. Even after a decade of left-wing parties who prioritized implementing high-impact policies on social inequality which characterizes Latin America, the democratic deficit persists, both in the context of local and national governments and of the multilateral organizations of the hemisphere. Reflecting on the participation of civil society in the control of governments and the State in the past few decades is an absolute necessity for those who acknowledge the need to strengthen our political citizenship.Este texto introductorio al número 40 de Pensamiento Propio se refiere a la diversidad de la búsqueda por la ampliación y profundización de la democracia en el continente. Aún después de una década de gobiernos a la izquierda, que priorizaron establecer políticas de impacto sobre la desigualdad social que caracteriza América Latina, todavía persiste el déficit democrático, sea en el contexto de los gobiernos locales y nacionales, sea en las organizaciones multilaterales del hemisferio. Reflexionar sobre la participación de la sociedad civil en el control de los gobiernos y del Estado, en las últimas décadas, es una tarea imperiosa para aquellos que reconocen la necesidad de fortalecer nuestra ciudadanía política.Este texto introdutório ao número 40 de Pensamiento Propio se refere à diversidade da busca pela ampliação e aprofundamento da democracia no continente. Mesmo depois de uma década de governos à esquerda e que primaram por estabelecer políticas de impacto sobre a desigualdade social que caracteriza a América Latina, persiste o déficit democrático, seja no contexto dos governos locais e nacionais, seja nas organizações multilaterais do hemisfério. Buscar refletir sobre a participação da sociedade civil no controle dos governos e do Estado, nas últimas décadas, é tarefa imperiosa àqueles que reconhecem a necessidade de um reforço à cidadania política entre nós

#naovaitercopa: manifestações, Copa do Mundo e as eleições de 2014

The article aims to recover the manifestations process of June 2013, in an attempt to understand the elements, which characterized it. It is intended to indicate how and why the main political consequences generated by the manifestations became its own possibility of a rematch in June 2014, during the hosting of the World Cup, organized by FIFA and the Brazilian government. It is suggested which may be the nature and extent of its impacts over the general election in this year. It is argued that the key issue is the ability of the State, the governments and their police in dealing with manifestations that have, relatively, new, persuasive, and violent ideas.O artigo busca recuperar o processo das manifestações de junho de 2013, na tentativa de compreender os elementos que a caracterizaram. Pretende-se indicar como e porque a principal consequência política gerada pelas manifestações tornou-se a própria possibilidade de sua reedição, em junho de 2014, durante a realização da Copa do Mundo de Futebol, organizada pela FIFA e pelo governo brasileiro. Indica-se qual poderá ser a natureza e amplitude dos impactos de uma eventual nova onda de manifestações sobre as eleições gerais nesse ano. Defende-se que o elemento chave da questão está na capacidade do Estado, dos governos e de sua polícia em lidar com manifestações com repertórios relativamente novos e mais incisivos e violentos

ATLAS

% ATLAS \\ \\ ATLAS is a general-purpose experiment for recording proton-proton collisions at LHC. The ATLAS collaboration consists of 144 participating institutions (June 1998) with more than 1750~physicists and engineers (700 from non-Member States). The detector design has been optimized to cover the largest possible range of LHC physics: searches for Higgs bosons and alternative schemes for the spontaneous symmetry-breaking mechanism; searches for supersymmetric particles, new gauge bosons, leptoquarks, and quark and lepton compositeness indicating extensions to the Standard Model and new physics beyond it; studies of the origin of CP violation via high-precision measurements of CP-violating B-decays; high-precision measurements of the third quark family such as the top-quark mass and decay properties, rare decays of B-hadrons, spectroscopy of rare B-hadrons, and $B ^0 _{s}$-mixing. \\ \\The ATLAS dectector, shown in the Figure includes an inner tracking detector inside a 2~T~solenoid providing an axial field, electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters outside the solenoid and in the forward regions, and barrel and end-cap air-core-toroid muon spectrometers. The precision measurements for photons, electrons, muons and hadrons, and identification of photons, electrons, muons, $\tau$-leptons and b-quark jets are performed over $| \eta |$ < 2.5. The complete hadronic energy measurement extends over $| \eta |$ < 4.7. \\ \\The inner tracking detector consists of straw drift tubes interleaved with transition radiators for robust pattern recognition and electron identification, and several layers of semiconductor strip and pixel detectors providing high-precision space points. \\ \\The e.m. calorimeter is a lead-Liquid Argon sampling calorimeter with an integrated preshower detector and a presampler layer immediately behind the cryostat wall for energy recovery. The end-cap hadronic calorimeters also use Liquid Argon technology, with copper absorber plates. The end-cap cryostats house the e.m., hadronic and forward calorimeters (tungsten-Liquid Argon sampling). The barrel hadronic calorimeter is an iron-scintillating tile sampling calorimeter with longitudinal tile geometry. \\ \\Air-core toroids are used for the muon spectrometer. Eight superconducting coils with warm voussoirs are used in the barrel region complemented with superconducting end-cap toroids in the forward regions. The toroids will be instrumented with Monitored Drift Tubes (Cathode Strip Chambers at large rapidity where there are high radiation levels). The muon trigger and second coordinate measurement for muon tracks are provide