ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL CHEMICAL COMPOUND FROM EUGENIA CARYOPHYLLUS FLOWER BUD EXTRACT

Objective: The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize the bioactive principles from the aqueous ethanolic extract of flower buds of Eugenia caryophyllus. Methods: The isolation was done using column chromatography using gradient elution with different mobile phases. The isolated compound was subjected to spectral analysis. Structure elucidation was carried out on basis of spectral analysis. Results: The infra-red spectra showed specific absorption bands for flavanoids viz. 1245.86 to 1111.01 cm-1 for HCO stretch of ether; 1330 to 1050 cm-1 for CO stretch of lactone. In addition IR spectrum showed specific absorption bands for flavanoids viz. 3432.57cm-1 for OH stretch for alcohol and phenol. Mass spectra showed pseudomolecular ion (M+ion) peak at m/z 464 which corresponds to molecular formula C21H20O12. Conclusion: From the spectral characteristics, the isolated compound from the extract was confirmed to be Gossypetin 7-O rhamnopyranoside (Rhodiolgin)

Antihyperlipidemic potential of Eugenia caryophyllus extract in Wistar rats

Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic activity of the aqueous ethanolic extract of Eugenia caryophyllus in triton induced hyperlipidemia. Methods: Antihyperlipidemic activity was evaluated using Triton X 100 induced hyperlipidemia in rats as an experimental model. Hyperlipidemia was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal (ip) injection of Triton X 100 (400 mg/kg b.w.) The aqueous ethanolic extract of Eugenia caryophyllus extract was administered at two different doses of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg for 7 days to hyperlipidemic rats. Atorvastatin was used as a reference standard. Serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C, atherogenic index and glucose were determined to assess the antihyperlipidemic activity. Result: It was found that the aqueous ethanolic extract of Eugenia caryophyllus at the doses of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg showed a significant decrease in the levels of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, VLDL-C, glucose and significant increase in the level of serum HDL-C. Conclusion: The current study provided a strong evidence that the Eugenia caryophyllus extracts at both the doses (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg) possess significant antihyperlipidemic activity. The dose of 400mg/kg had a higher beneficial effect and its efficacy was similar to that of Atorvastatin in treating hyperlipidemia. However, further study is needed to understand the precise mechanism

Antihyperlipidemic potential of Eugenia caryophyllus extract in Wistar rats

Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic activity of the aqueous ethanolic extract of Eugenia caryophyllus in triton induced hyperlipidemia. Methods: Antihyperlipidemic activity was evaluated using Triton X 100 induced hyperlipidemia in rats as an experimental model. Hyperlipidemia was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal (ip) injection of Triton X 100 (400 mg/kg b.w.) The aqueous ethanolic extract of Eugenia caryophyllus extract was administered at two different doses of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg for 7 days to hyperlipidemic rats. Atorvastatin was used as a reference standard. Serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C, atherogenic index and glucose were determined to assess the antihyperlipidemic activity. Result: It was found that the aqueous ethanolic extract of Eugenia caryophyllus at the doses of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg showed a significant decrease in the levels of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, VLDL-C, glucose and significant increase in the level of serum HDL-C. Conclusion: The current study provided a strong evidence that the Eugenia caryophyllus extracts at both the doses (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg) possess significant antihyperlipidemic activity. The dose of 400mg/kg had a higher beneficial effect and its efficacy was similar to that of Atorvastatin in treating hyperlipidemia. However, further study is needed to understand the precise mechanism

An epidemiological investigation of insomnia: A survey

Sleep is commonly defined as a state in which physical activities and sensory perception are greatly reduced, and it is frequently associated with our body's recuperative period. However, research has shown that sleep is also required for other vital processes such as memory consolidation and normal physiological functioning. Extensive research has shown that the areas that control our sleeping behaviour are the hypothalamus, brain stem, midbrain, and amygdala. These areas coordinate events during the non-REM and REM phases of sleep-wake cycles. GABA and adenosine, two chemical neurotransmitters, are also involved and play an important role in our sleep cycle. Insomnia has caused a slew of psychological and physiological issues such as fatigue, decreased mental concentration, irritable nature and a higher risk of heart attacks and stroke. It has reduced the patient's quality of life of the patient and have a social impact on them. Primary insomnia is defined as the inability/absence of proper sleep and impaired daily life functioning. Secondary insomnia, on the other hand, is believed to result from pre-existing medical conditions, substance abuse, or as a side effect of certain drug therapy. Insomnia is diagnosed through physical examination and the use of electrical devices to monitor sleep behavior.&nbsp

In-depth analysis of the chemical composition, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics, and patent history of mangiferin

Introduction: Mangiferin (2-D-glucopyranosyl-1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy-9H-xanthen-9-one) is extracted from different part of plants such seed, peel, and kernels of mango. Methods: In many studies mangiferin was studied for its antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, immunomodulatory, and hypocholesterolaemia activity. It mainly works by altering the transcription process which further led to inhibition of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor. By preventing the expression of tumor necrosis factor, inducible nitric oxide synthase potential, proliferation, and apoptosis, mangiferin defends against a variety of human malignancies, such as breast, lung, brain, and colon tumours. It could defend against physiological hazards by preventing lipid peroxidation. Results: The present review focuses on an updated account of investigation related to mangiferin's chemo preventive activity, apoptosis induction in cancer cells, potential antioxidative activities, and patent mapping of additional therapeutic aspects. This review also highlights the different molecular targets of Mangiferin, as well as its potential as a polyphenol. Conclusion: From the finding of this review, it was concluded that Mangiferin has versatile pharmacological properties could serves as economic, safe and potential ailment in the treatment of diseases as well as dietary supplements