Estudio de pre factibilidad para fabricación y comercialización de una crema de pisco en la ciudad de Trujillo

RESUMEN El mercado de bebidas alcohólicas ha aumentado en los últimos años, logrando así la creación de diferentes marcas con sabores y presentaciones diferentes para el gusto de cada consumidor. Hoy en día la gran variedad de tragos, cocktails, comidas y hasta postres que llevan pisco han ido aumentando estos últimos años, es por eso que lo consideramos como el producto estrella de nuestro país y no sólo porque es aceptado de buena manera aquí, si no en el extranjero como un destilado diferente con aromas y sabores que van encantando paladares en cada una de las presentaciones que tenga. La idea de negocio propuesta consiste en la instalación de una empresa de fabricación y comercialización de una crema de leche con pisco de la región, proveniente de la cuidad de Cascas, que tienen por objetivo satisfacer la demanda de bebidas alcohólicas, en las personas que buscan una bebida para acompañar cualquier reunión o eventos social. Nuestro producto es una idea innovador ya que en el mercado existen productos similares mas no iguales. El mercado serán las personas de las edades de 18-50 años, el nivel socioeconómico A, B y C de Trujillo, pertenecientes al Departamento de La Libertad. Siendo el costo de capital de 326,742 nuevos soles con un horizonte de evaluación de 5 años, dando un resultado el VAN económico 180,155 y el VAN financiero 173,954 el TIR económico 18.81 % y TIR financiero 23.52 % y el periodo de recuperación del capital 4 años y 5 meses.ABSTRACT The alcoholic drinks market has increased in recent years, thus creating different brands with different flavors and taste of each consumer. Today the variety of drinks, cocktails, meals and even desserts that take pisco have been increasing in recent years, that is why we consider it as the flagship of our country and not just because it is accepted in a good way here, if not abroad as a distillate different aromasand flavors that are delighting palates in each of the presentations you have. The business idea proposal involves the installation of a manufacturing and marketing of milk cream with Pisco in the region, from the city of Cascas, which aim to meet the demand for alcohol in people seeking a drink to accompany any meeting or social event. Our innovative product is an idea in the market as there are similar products but not equal. The market will be people from the ages of 18-50 years, socioeconomic level A, B and C of Trujillo, from the Department of La Libertad. Being the capital cost of 326,742 soles with a time horizon of five years evaluation, giving a result the economic NPV 180,155 and 173,954 financial NPV, the economic IRR 18.81 % and IRR Financial 23.52 % and Capital recovery period 4 years and 5 months

The structure and contents of the helping relationship as a nursing psychotherapeutic intervention: a modified e‐Delphi study

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the content validity of the helping relationship as a nursing psychotherapeutic intervention. Design and Methods: The present research work is a modified e‐Delphi study. A total of 205 experts were identified between January and May 2018, and a questionnaire was sent to all of them in different rounds. Findings: The nurse must have specific knowledge (self‐knowledge and knowledge about the person) and attitudes (empathy and respect) to be able to carry out the intervention. The helping relationship can address different nursing diagnoses, such as anxiety or depressed mood, and it can be developed in a set of sessions with specific objectives and contents. Practice Implications: The systematization of the helping relationship creates the conditions for its implementation in clinical practice enabling an evidence‐based practice that results in the improvement of care.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Development and psychometric properties of the Therapeutic Relationship Assessment Scale‐Nurse

Introduction: The therapeutic relationship (TR) is essential to providing psychiatric and mental health nursing care. Nevertheless, no assessment tools exclusive for assessing nursing TR were found in the literature. Aim: To describe and evaluate the psychometric properties (reliability and construct validity) of a scale that allows assessing the quality of TR established between the nurse and the patient. Method: A survey method was adopted, using a convenience sample of 356 mental health nurses. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha and Omega index. Results: A total of 221 mental health nurses participated in the study (response rate = 62.08%). The scale's final structure has 25 items. Cronbach's alpha was 0.93, ranging from 0.78 to 0.88 for each of the factors. The cumulative variance explained in a four-factor structure was 71.12%. Discussion: The Therapeutic Relationship Assessment Scale (TRAS)-Nurse presents good psychometric properties. In the light of Benner's theory, it can be an useful tool for novice nurses to better understand what aspects they should pay attention to for establishing a successful TR. Implications for Practice: Mental health nurses can use the TRAS-Nurse, thus having a scale available that allows them to self-assess the quality of TR they establish with their patients.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cultural adaptation and psychometric properties assessment of the NOC outcome “Cognition” in a sample of Portuguese adults with mental illness

Purpose: Cultural adaptation and psychometric properties assessment of the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) outcome “Cognition” in a sample of Portuguese adults with mental illness. Methods: Methodological study. Findings: The final European Portuguese version of the NOC outcome “Cognition”, consisting of 13 items, showed good psychometric properties. An exploratory factor analysis was performed from which only one factor was established. Conclusions: The European Portuguese version of the NOC outcome “Cognition” seems to gather very satisfactory psychometric properties for assessing cognition in the Portuguese population. Implications for Nursing Practice: This study contributed to advance the nursing body of knowledge and to better assess cognition in a clinical context.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Community Mental Health Nursing consultation in a public bathhouse: a spiritual coping resource

(1) Background: The spiritual dimension’s importance in health/disease processes is widely recognized, also being demonstrated by scientific evidence. Hence, its study is crucial, particularly with respect to a Mental health nursing consultation occurring in a community resource, such as a public bathhouse. This study aims to identify the nursing interventions of spiritual nature developed over 5 years in the abovementioned setting, thus characterizing the Portuguese reality; (2) Methods: Observational, cross-sectional and quantitative study, based on a sample comprising all users who attended a community Mental health nursing consultation, from March 2015, to 31 December 2019; (3) Results: A total of 205 nursing appointments were performed, from which emerged a set of 346 diagnoses, resulting in 455 nursing interventions. Of the latter, some deserve to be highlighted, due to a greater prevalence: “listening” (61; 13%), “supporting” (38; 8%), “promoting self-esteem” (37; 8%), “monitoring vital signs” (31; 7%), and “identifying attitude towards care” (25; 5%); (4) Conclusions: even though some of the interventions performed during the consultations were associated with the spiritual dimension, the collected data points towards a need for new diagnoses and nursing interventions, namely, those which may help mitigate spiritual distress.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A relação de ajuda como intervenção de enfermagem: uma scoping review

INTRODUÇÃO: O conceito de “relação de ajuda” é amplamente utilizado pelos profissionais de Enfermagem e, sobretudo, pelos enfermeiros de Saúde Mental e Psiquiatria. Porém, existem lacunas no que diz respeito à sua definição e às suas características, o que dificulta a sua implementação na prestação de cuidados. OBJETIVO: Mapear a literatura relativa à relação de ajuda como intervenção de Enfermagem. MÉTODOS: realizada pesquisa na MEDLINE with full text via EBSCOhost, CINAHL Plus with full text via EBSCO, Web of Science Core Collection via Web of Science, Scopus via B-on, ScienceDirect via B-on e consulta das referências bibliográficas dos artigos incluídos. O instrumento de extração de dados foi elaborado com base no modelo preconizado pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. RESULTADOS: Pela pesquisa direta em bases de dados resultaram 729 artigos. Foram 13 os registos adicionais identificados através de outras fontes. O enfermeiro pode executar a relação de ajuda e para tal deve primar pela capacidade de escuta, empatia, aceitação e respeito. As principais necessidades nas quais a relação de ajuda profissional pode ser útil são a ansiedade, a tristeza e o luto. A concretização da relação de ajuda deve incluir um conjunto de sessões nas quais são executadas técnicas, como a escuta ativa. CONCLUSÕES: A relação de ajuda, no domínio da Enfermagem, visa satisfazer uma necessidade da pessoa sendo ela, necessariamente, detentora de todos os recursos para a resolução da mesma. Implica que o enfermeiro reúna um conjunto de atitudes e desenvolva diferentes ações para levar a cabo a relação de ajuda como intervenção de Enfermagem.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks