ANTIMICROBIAL PROFILES, ANTIDIARRHEAL AND ANTIPYRETIC CAPACITIES OF PHENOL ACID RICH-FRACTIONS FROM XIMENIA AMERICA L., (OLACACEAE) IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

Objective: The present study aim to evaluate antimicrobial and antidiarrheal activities of phenol acid-rich fractions of roots from Ximenia americana L., in animal models in order to confirm the ethnomedicinal use of Ximenia Americana L., roots.Methods: In vitro antibacterial (Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and time-kill studies) of phenol-rich fractions of roots from Ximenia americana L., was assessed using eight bacteria strains (Gram-negative). The anti-diarrheal activity was evaluated using castor using castor oil induced diarrhea whereas Anti-secretory activity was investigated using castor oil-induced enteropooling assay examined in animal models respectively.Results: All test bacteria were susceptible to the phenol-rich fractions. Time-kill results showed that after 5 h exposition there was no viable microorganism in the initial inoculum. Moreover, phenol acid-rich fractions of roots (100-200 and 300 mg/kg, p. o.) produced dose-dependent and significant (p<0.05-0.001) protection of rats against castor oil-induced diarrhea, and delayed gastric emptying. Phenol acid-rich fractions of roots, dose-dependently and significantly (p<0.05-0.001) delayed the onset of castor oil induced diarrhea, decreased the frequency of defecation, and reduced the severity of diarrhea in the rats. Phenol acid-rich fractions caused dose-related inhibition of castor-oil-induced enteropooling in rats.Conclusion: The data analysis indicates that the tested of phenol-rich fractions has significant effects when compared with the standard antibiotic. These results, therefore, justify the traditional use of Ximenia americana L. About antidiarrheal activity, the findings of this study indicate that phenol acid-rich fraction possesses antidiarrheal property in rats. These findings confirm the ethnomedicinal use of Ximenia americana L., roots valuable natural remedy for the treatment, management and/or control of diarrhea

Screening of antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase and antifungal activities and HPLC-MS identification of the bioactive phenolics of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk.

Eclipta alba is commonly used in traditional medicine for several ethnobotanical properties. Researchers have isolated several bioactive compounds of this plant. In Burkina Faso, this medicinal plant is mainly used for its antifungal properties. Our study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, antifungal activities and to quantify polyphenols from Eclipta alba extracts using HPLC-MS. The crude extract (CE) and fractions of this plant were used for these activities through standard methods. Ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) and acetonitrile fraction (ACNF) have been the potential inhibitors of the liver lipids peroxidation (According to the thiobarbituric acid method) with the percentages of 65.48% and 65.13%, respectively. Concerning the ABTS radical cation scavenging capacity descript by Guenné, ACNF (67.28 mg T/g of extract) and butanol fraction (BF) (66.03 mg T/g of extract) have presented the highest activities. BF has also presented an interesting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity with a percentage of 55.82%. For antifungal activity, the crude extract and ACNF have given the better MIC values against C. albican and T. beigelii with a concentration of 1.25 mg/mL using microplate method descript by Eloff. The strain C. krusei was only sensitive to butanol fraction. The polyphenols identified and quantified using HPLC-MS are: gentisic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, apigenin, luteolin and quercetin. The butanol fraction of E. alba presented the best activities for the tests performed; this fraction is a good ways to isolate new anti-fungal and anti-acetylcholinesterase compounds