Hemodynamic design optimization of a ventricular cannula applying Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

Nowadays, a Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) is a hope of clinic solution to patients with heart failure. This study presents the design of the "trumpet mouth" ventricular cannula (TMVC) connected to a pediatric VAD, optimized to reduce the conditions that generate blood damage. The flow through the TMVC is analysed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques. The optimization of the TMVC considered the turbulent and byphasic nature of the flow at the systolic and diastolic phases of the cardiac cycle

Seasonal and Regional Clean Drinking Water Map for Kazakhstan

The scarcity of drinking water is becoming a more urgent problem in the world each day. This problem is even more crucial for Kazakhstan due to its geographic location since the major sources of drinking water today are underground water and lakes, which will be close to their limits in the future, if they remain to be the primary origins of fresh water [1]. However, the progress in technologies of water harvesting enables us today to harvest drinking water from the use of renewable and unintegrated sources of water. The main aim of this work is to determine the most economically viable technologies for obtaining drinking water in Kazakhstan, on a regional and seasonal basis and with minimal environmental impact

Convenience of Efficiency Measures applied to Envelop of Laboratory Facility located in Burabai, Kazakhstan

A large portion of primary energy consumption in the world is associated to building sector; i.e. residential sector. Most studies agree on blaming space heating-cooling as the main reason of such high consumption, especially enhanced by excessive heat losses through windows and walls. Despite it is well known that proper selection of wall insulation and windows may minimize this issue, an economic assessment is needed to demonstrate the viability on a case-by-case basis. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to assess the techno-economic viability of using higher thermal-resistance insulation and windows instead of ordinary planned ones for an environmental laboratory, which will located in the region of Borovoe, Kazakhstan

Geometric predictors of abdominal aortic aneurysm maximum wall stress

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a dilation of the abdominal aorta (above 50 % of its original diameter), which can cause death upon rupturing. It usually grows asymptomatically leading to late clinical intervention. The medical criteria to indicate surgery are based on measuring the diameter and growth rate, but in many cases aneurysms fail at uncharacterized critical values. In search of a more efficient technique in predicting AAA failure, there is consensus on the importance of studying its geometric characteristics and estimation of the wall stress, but no fully successful correlation has been found between the two yet. This work examines the relationship between a parameterized geometry (18 input variables and 10 dependent indices) and 1 output variable: the maximum wall stress

EULERIAN–EULERIAN MODELING OF MULTIPHASE FLOW IN HORIZONTAL ANNULI: CURRENT LIMITATIONS AND CHALLENGES

Multiphase flows are present in many natural phenomena, processing technologies, and industries. In the petroleum industry, the multiphase flow is highly relevant, and special attention is paid to the development of predictive tools that determine flow conditions to guarantee safe and economic hydrocarbon extraction and transportation. Hydrodynamic aspects such as pressure drop and holdup are of primary relevance for the field engineer in daily operations like pumping power calculation and equipment selection and control. Multiphase flow associated with oil production is usually a mixture of liquids and gas. The hydrodynamic behavior has been studied in different pipeline configurations (i.e., vertical ascending/descending and horizontal/inclined pipelines). However, the available information about flow patterns as well as the general conditions present in horizontal annuli is incomplete, even if they are of fundamental relevance in today’s horizontal drilling, production, and well intervention in many oil wells around the world. This review aims to present an in-depth revision of the existing models developed to predict two-phase flow patterns and hydrodynamic conditions in annuli flow, focusing mainly on, but not limited to, horizontal configuration. Key flow parameters and effects caused by annuli geometry and the physical properties of fluids are extensively discussed in the present paper. Different empirical correlations and mechanistic and numerical models on two-phase flow through horizontal/inclined pipelines and in both concentric and eccentric annuli are analyzed. Some of these models partially agree with experimental results and show acceptable predictions of frictional pressure loss and flow patterns. Limitations in current models and challenges to be faced in the next generation of models are also discussed

Seasonal and Regional Clean Drinking Water Map for Kazakhstan

The scarcity of drinking water is becoming a more urgent problem in the world each day. This problem is even more crucial for Kazakhstan due to its geographic location since the major sources of drinking water today are underground water and lakes, which will be close to their limits in the future, if they remain to be the primary origins of fresh water [1]. However, the progress in technologies of water harvesting enables us today to harvest drinking water from the use of renewable and unintegrated sources of water. The main aim of this work is to determine the most economically viable technologies for obtaining drinking water in Kazakhstan, on a regional and seasonal basis and with minimal environmental impact

Convenience of Efficiency Measures applied to Envelop of Laboratory Facility located in Burabai, Kazakhstan

A large portion of primary energy consumption in the world is associated to building sector; i.e. residential sector. Most studies agree on blaming space heating-cooling as the main reason of such high consumption, especially enhanced by excessive heat losses through windows and walls. Despite it is well known that proper selection of wall insulation and windows may minimize this issue, an economic assessment is needed to demonstrate the viability on a case-by-case basis. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to assess the techno-economic viability of using higher thermal-resistance insulation and windows instead of ordinary planned ones for an environmental laboratory, which will located in the region of Borovoe, Kazakhstan