Transliteration among Indian Languages using WX Notation

In this paper, we propose an algorithm to transliterate between several Indian languages. The main aim of the algorithm is to assist in the translation process by providing efficient transliteration. This algorithm works on Unicode transformation format of an Indian language. It then transliterates it into the Unicode transformation format of the target language. It does no sort of bilingual dictionary lookup of the word. It can be used to transliterate nouns (e.g. named entities) in the translation process as well as for transliterating some text into other language which is more suitable for the reader

Thermo-hydraulic investigation of open micro prism pin fin heat sink having varying prism sides

The current trend of miniaturization in many electronic devices, like computer processors, high-speed servers, MEMS devices, etc., has shown augmented performance. Still, thermal management is a significant concern for them. The present work performed a numerical analysis on the microchannel heat sink's open micro prism pin fin configuration (MCHS). The influence of prism pin fin sides (3 to 9) has been studied for copper substrate and working fluid water (single phase fluid flow). Finite volume-based commercial code has been opted to perform the numerical simulations. The present configurations simulated different Reynolds numbers (50–300) under the heat flux of 500 kW/m2. Observation revealed that the four-side arrangements have the best performance due to prominent secondary flow leading to efficient fluid mixing, whereas three-side configurations have the worst performance. Further, an increase in pin fin sides from 5 to 9 has almost negligible variation in thermal and hydraulic characteristics because of similar fluid flow characteristics. The four-side micro prism pin fin configuration has been further analysed by varying the prism radius from 0.175 mm to 0.325 mm. It was observed that a prism radius between 0.250 mm and 0.275 mm led to optimum overall performance due to more stable secondary fluid flow

Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Response of Zn-Dotted Hematite

Photoelectrochemical response of thin films of α-Fe2O3, Zn doped α-Fe2O3, and Zn dots deposited on doped α-Fe2O3 prepared by spray pyrolysis has been studied. Samples of Zn dots were prepared using thermal evaporation method by evaporating Zn through a mesh having pore diameter of 0.7 mm. The presence of Zn-dotted islands on doped α-Fe2O3 surface exhibited significantly large photocurrent density as compared to other samples. An optimum thickness of Zn dots ∼230 Å is found to give enhanced photoresponse. The observed results are analyzed with the help of estimated values of resistivity, band gap, flatband potential, and donor density

Search for the Z boson decay to ττμμ\tau\tau\mu\mu in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

International audienceThe first search for the Z boson decay to $\tau\tau\mu\mu$ at the CERN LHC is presented, based on data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. The data are compatible with the predicted background. For the first time, an upper limit at the 95% confidence level of 6.9 times the standard model expectation is placed on the ratio of the Z $\to$ $\tau\tau\mu\mu$ to Z $\to$ 4$\mu$ branching fractions. Limits are also placed on the six flavor-conserving four-lepton effective-field-theory operators involving two muons and two tau leptons, for the first time testing all such operators

Search for soft unclustered energy patterns in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

International audienceThe first search for soft unclustered energy patterns (SUEPs) is performed using an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV collected in 2016-2018 by the CMS detector at the LHC. Such SUEPs are predicted by Hidden Valley models with a new, confining force with a large 't Hooft coupling. In events with boosted topologies, selected by high-threshold hadronic triggers, the multiplicity and sphericity of clustered tracks are used to reject the background from standard model quantum chromodynamics. With no observed excess of events over the standard model expectation, limits are set on the cross section for production via gluon fusion of a scalar mediator with SUEP-like decays

The CMS Statistical Analysis and Combination Tool: COMBINE

International audienceThis paper describes the COMBINE software package used for statistical analyses by the CMS Collaboration. The package, originally designed to perform searches for a Higgs boson and the combined analysis of those searches, has evolved to become the statistical analysis tool presently used in the majority of measurements and searches performed by the CMS Collaboration. It is not specific to the CMS experiment, and this paper is intended to serve as a reference for users outside of the CMS Collaboration, providing an outline of the most salient features and capabilities. Readers are provided with the possibility to run COMBINE and reproduce examples provided in this paper using a publicly available container image. Since the package is constantly evolving to meet the demands of ever-increasing data sets and analysis sophistication, this paper cannot cover all details of COMBINE. However, the online documentation referenced within this paper provides an up-to-date and complete user guide

Search for long-lived heavy neutrinos in the decays of B mesons produced in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

International audienceA search for long-lived heavy neutrinos (N) in the decays of \PB mesons produced in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 41.6 fb$^{-1}$ collected in 2018 by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, using a dedicated data stream that enhances the number of recorded events containing B mesons. The search probes heavy neutrinos with masses in the range 1 $\lt$$m_\mathrm{N}$$\lt$ 3 GeV and decay lengths in the range 10$^{-2}$$\lt$$c\tau$$\lt$ 10$^{4}$ mm, where $\tau_\mathrm{N}$ is the N proper mean lifetime. Signal events are defined by the signature B $\to$$\ell_\mathrm{B}$NX; N $\to$$\ell^{\pm} \pi^{\mp}$, where the leptons $\ell_\mathrm{B}$ and $\ell$ can be either a muon or an electron, provided that at least one of them is a muon. The hadronic recoil system, X, is treated inclusively and is not reconstructed. No significant excess of events over the standard model background is observed in any of the $\ell^{\pm}\pi^{\mp}$ invariant mass distributions. Limits at 95% confidence level on the sum of the squares of the mixing amplitudes between heavy and light neutrinos, $\vert V_\mathrm{N}\vert^2$, and on $c\tau$ are obtained in different mixing scenarios for both Majorana and Dirac-like N particles. The most stringent upper limit $\vert V_\mathrm{N}\vert^2$ $\lt$ 2.0$\times$10$^{-5}$ is obtained at $m_\mathrm{N}$ = 1.95 GeV for the Majorana case where N mixes exclusively with muon neutrinos. The limits on $\vert V_\mathrm{N}\vert^2$ for masses 1 $\lt$ $m_\mathrm{N}$ $\lt$ 1.7 GeV are the most stringent from a collider experiment to date