Chemical profile and antioxidant capacity verification of Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae) fruits at different stages of maturation

Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae), a common plant in Cariri region, Ceara, Brazil, as well as in various parts of the world, contains high concentrations of bioactive compounds and in many communities its parts are used for therapeutic purposes. Studies describe antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-diarrheal actions from extracts obtained from leaves, but information about the activities of the fruits and comparison of these at different maturity stages (immature, partially mature and mature) are scarce. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant properties by quantifying the levels of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, carotenoids and vitamin C of P. guajava fruits at different stages of maturation. The content of phenolic compounds for the immature fruit, partially mature and mature were: 22.41; 34.61 and 32.92 mg of AG/g fraction. The flavonoid content for immature fruits, intermediate and mature were: 2.83; 5.10 and 5.65 mg RUT/g fraction, respectively. Following the same standards of maturation stages, the ascorbic acid content was determined with values of 0.48; 0.38 and 0.21 mg AA/g fraction, respectively. HPLC analysis identified and quantified the presence of gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, epicatechin, rutin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, quercetin, kaempferol, glycosylated campeferol, tocopherol, β-carotene and lycopene. The antioxidant activity carried out by DPPH method showed the mature fruits bearing the best results, whereas chelation of Fe2+ ions showed higher percentage for the immature fruit. The results obtained by lipidic peroxidation were not satisfactory

Extração de Propriedades Sociais em Redes Veiculares

National audienceTodos os dias, veículos transitam nas cidades e durante suas trajetórias encontram outros veículos. A frequência destes encontros pode ser influenciada por diversos fatores como: a velocidade dos veículos, os destinos escolhidos, as condições de tráfego e o período do dia. Entretanto, estes fatores são justificados pelos limites das vias públicas e pelo comportamento dos motoristas. Os comportamentos similares dos motoristas e suas rotinas diárias têm um grande impacto na evolução do tráfego diariamente. Neste trabalho, é apresentada uma análise numérica de traces reais e realísticos que descrevem a mobilidade de um conjunto de veículos. Para isso, métricas sociais são computadas e os resultados obtidos são comparados com grafos aleatórios na direção de atestar que as Redes Veiculares apresentam comportamento social. Os resultados comprovam a existência de rotinas e propriedades sociais nas Redes Veiculares. Finalizando, discute-se sobre novas perspectivas sociais em Redes Veiculares

Trenzado y alfabetizaciones: informes de un proyecto de Investigación y Práctica Pedagógica en la Escuela Tupinikim de Aldeia Comboios - Aracruz/ES

O presente relato nasce de um projeto pedagógico desenvolvido na Aldeia Tupinikim de Comboios, município de Aracruz- ES, durante a disciplina Projetos de Pesquisa e Prática Pedagógica – PPPP III, no curso de Licenciatura Intercultural Indígena Tupinikim e Guarani, do Programa de Licenciaturas Indígenas – PROLIND, oferecido pela Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo – UFES. O projeto teve como objetivos: Pesquisar com os mais velhos os tipos de trançados, colaborando na reafirmação cultural do nosso povo Tupiniquim; Reconhecer os tipos de trançados Tupiniquim; Confeccionar alguns tipos de trançados; Produzir textos coletivos a partir dos trançados e analisar o processo de letramento a partir de atividades contextualizadas. O projeto se apoiou metodologicamente na pesquisa-ação com intuito de identificar as técnicas e manuseios dos trançados Tupinikim, construindo momentos de partilhas com os anciãos e intercâmbios entre outras aldeias Tupinikim. Palavras-chave: Trançados; Letramentos; Povo Tupinkim; PROLIND.The present report is born from a pedagogical project developed in the Tupinikim Village of Comboios, municipality of Aracruz-ES, during the discipline Projects of Research and Pedagogical Practice - PPPP III, in the course of Indigenous Licentiate Tupinikim and Guarani, PROLIND, offered by the Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES. The project had as objectives: To research with the older the types of braids, collaborating in the cultural reaffirmation of our Tupiniquim people; Recognize the types of Tupiniquim braids; Make some types of braids; Produce collective texts from the braids and analyze the process of literacy from contextualized activities. The project was methodologically based on action research in order to identify the techniques and manipulations of the Tupinikim braids, building moments of sharing with the elders and exchanges among other Tupinikim villages. Keywords: Braided; Lettering; Tupinkim people; PROLIND.Este informe es el resultado de un proyecto pedagógico desarrollado en la aldea Tupinikim de Comboios, municipio de Aracruz-ES, durante la disciplina Proyectos de investigación y práctica pedagógica - PPPP III, en el curso de licenciatura intercultural indígena Tupinikim y Guaraní, del Programa de licenciatura indígena - PROLIND, ofrecido por la Universidad Federal de Espírito Santo - UFES. El proyecto tenía como objetivos: investigar con los ancianos los tipos de trenzas, colaborando en la reafirmación cultural de nuestra gente tupiniquim; Reconocer los tipos de Tupiniquim trenzado; Hacer algunos tipos de trenzas; Produzca textos colectivos basados ​​en los hilos y analice el proceso de alfabetización basado en actividades contextualizadas. El proyecto se basó metodológicamente en la investigación de acción para identificar las técnicas y el manejo de las trenzas Tupinikim, creando momentos de intercambio con los ancianos e intercambios entre otras aldeas Tupinikim.Palabras clave: trenzado; Alfabetizaciones; Pueblo tupinkim; PROLIND

Response to letter regarding "Comparison of lung ultrasound, chest radiographs, C-reactive protein, and clinical findings in dogs treated for aspiration pneumonia".

peer reviewe

Effect of synthesis temperature on crystallinity, morphology and cell viability of nanostructured hydroxyapatite via wet chemical precipitation method: Effect of temperature on hydroxyapatite properties

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is the main natural mineral constituent of bones and is a good alternative for biomedical applications because it is osteoconductive, non-allergenic, and non-carcinogenic, which ensures high biocompatibility. A commonly used method for obtaining hydroxyapatite is the wet route, which is simple and low-cost, produces only water as a final residue, and provides HA with a crystallinity comparable to that of bone tissue, which favors its biocompatibility. Therefore, the objective of this work is to synthesize hydroxyapatite via the wet chemical precipitation method at different temperatures (4°C, 30°C, 50°C, or 70°C) to observe the influence of temperature on crystallinity, morphology, and cytotoxicity. The results of X-ray diffraction show that all syntheses resulted in pure hydroxyapatite, while increasing the temperature led to higher crystallinity (10.6% to 56.2%) and the crystal size was slightly affected. The increase in temperature changed the particle shape from irregular to needle-like. Cell viability was tested by PicoGreen® in VERO cells for samples at concentrations of 30 and 300µg/mL, and the samples synthesized at 4°C, with lower crystallinity, caused less DNA damage to cells compared to the negative control. &nbsp

Capturing a soil carbon economy

Current carbon pricing and trading mechanisms, despite their efficacy in reducing GHG emissions from industry, will not be sufficient to achieve Net Zero targets. Current mechanisms that redress emissions are largely economic disincentives, in effect financial penalties for emitters. In order to attain Net Zero futures, financial incentives for activities that sequester carbon from the atmosphere are needed. Herein, we present the environmental and economic co-benefits of soil re-carbonization and justify support for soil carbon remuneration. With increasing momentum to develop green economies, and projected increases in carbon price, growth in the global carbon market is inevitable. The establishment of a soil-based carbon economy, within this emerging financial space, has the potential to deliver a paradigm shift that will accelerate climate change mitigation, and concurrently realize net gains for soil health and the delivery of soil ecosystem services. Pivotal to the emergence of a global soil carbon economy will be a consensus on certification instruments used for long-term soil carbon storage, and the development of robust institutional agreements and processes to facilitate soil carbon trading

Chronic Sleep Restriction during Pregnancy - Repercussion on Cardiovascular and Renal Functioning of Male Offspring

Changes in the maternal environment can induce fetal adaptations that result in the progression of chronic diseases in the offspring. the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of maternal chronic sleep restriction on blood pressure, renal function and cardiac baroreflex response on male offspring at adult age. Female 3-month-old Wistar rats were divided in two experimental groups: control (C) and chronic sleep restricted (CSR). Pregnancy was confirmed by vaginal smear. Chronic sleep restricted females were subjected to sleep restriction by the multiple platform technique for 20 h daily, between the 1st and 20th day of pregnancy. After birth, the litters were reduced to 6 rats per mother, and were designated as offspring from control (OC) and offspring from chronic sleep restricted (OCSR). Indirect blood pressure (BPi tail cuff) was measured by plethysmography in male offspring at 3 months old. Following, the renal function and cardiac baroreflex response were analyzed. Values of BPi in OCSR were significantly higher compared to OC [OC: 127 +/- 2.6 (19); OCSR: 144 +/- 2.5 (17) mmHg]. the baroreflex sensitivity to the increase of blood pressure was reduced in OCSR [Slope: OC: -2.6 +/- 0.15 (9); OCRS: -1.6 +/- 0.13 (9)]. Hypothalamic activity of ACE2 was significantly reduced in OCSR compared to OC [OC: 97.4 +/- 15 (18); OSR: 60.2 +/- 3.6 (16) UAF/min/protein mg]. Renal function alteration was noticed by the increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) observed in OCSR [OC: 6.4 +/- 0.2 (10); OCSR: 7.4 +/- 0.3 (7)]. Chronic sleep restriction during pregnancy caused in the offspring hypertension, altered cardiac baroreflex response, reduced ACE-2 activity in the hypothalamus and renal alterations. Our data suggest that the reduction of sleeping time along the pregnancy is able to modify maternal homeostasis leading to functional alterations in offspring.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Associacao Fundo de Incentivo a Pesquisa (AFIP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psicobiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biociencias, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psicobiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biociencias, São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: FAPESP-10/51665-4Web of Scienc

Potentiation of combined p19Arf and interferon-beta cancer gene therapy through its association with doxorubicin chemotherapy

Balancing safety and efficacy is a major consideration for cancer treatments, especially when combining cancer immunotherapy with other treatment modalities such as chemotherapy. Approaches that induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) are expected to eliminate cancer cells by direct cell killing as well as activation of an antitumor immune response. We have developed a gene therapy approach based on p19Arf and interferon-β gene transfer that, similar to conventional inducers of ICD, results in the release of DAMPS and immune activation. Here, aiming to potentiate this response, we explore whether association between our approach and treatment with doxorubicin (Dox), a known inducer of ICD, could further potentiate treatment efficacy without inducing cardiotoxicity, a critical side effect of Dox. Using central composite rotational design analysis, we show that cooperation between gene transfer and chemotherapy killed MCA205 and B16F10 cells and permitted the application of reduced viral and drug doses. The treatments also cooperated to induce elevated levels of ICD markers in MCA205, which correlated with improved efficacy of immunotherapy in vivo. Treatment of subcutaneous MCA205 tumors associating gene transfer and low dose (10 mg/kg) chemotherapy resulted in inhibition of tumor progression. Moreover, the reduced dose did not cause cardiotoxicity as compared to the therapeutic dose of Dox (20 mg/kg). The association of p19Arf/interferon-β gene transfer and Dox chemotherapy potentiated antitumor response and minimized cardiotoxicity

A reduction in CD90 (THY-1) expression results in increased differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells

Background: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells used in several cell therapies. MSCs are characterized by the expression of CD73, CD90, and CD105 cell markers, and the absence of CD34, CD45, CD11a, CD19, and HLA-DR cell markers. CD90 is a glycoprotein present in the MSC membranes and also in adult cells and cancer stem cells. The role of CD90 in MSCs remains unknown. Here, we sought to analyse the role that CD90 plays in the characteristic properties of in vitro expanded human MSCs. Methods: We investigated the function of CD90 with regard to morphology, proliferation rate, suppression of T-cell proliferation, and osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation of MSCs by reducing the expression of this marker using CD90-target small hairpin RNA lentiviral vectors. Results: The present study shows that a reduction in CD90 expression enhances the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSCs in vitro and, unexpectedly, causes a decrease in CD44 and CD166 expression. Conclusion: Our study suggests that CD90 controls the differentiation of MSCs by acting as an obstacle in the pathway of differentiation commitment. This may be overcome in the presence of the correct differentiation stimuli, supporting the idea that CD90 level manipulation may lead to more efficient differentiation rates in vitro