Complexos industriais no espaço: uma análise de fuzzy cluster [Identifying industrial complexes: a fuzzy cluster methodology]

This paper estimates a fuzzy cluster methodology for an industrial input-output data basis for Minas Gerais, Brazil, in 1980 and 1996. The aim of the paper is identify industrial complexes and its thickness in the internal economic structure of the State of Minas Gerais. The conclusion highlights the power of the fuzzy methodology in describing spatial economic structure and its intersectoral linkages.Minas Gerais; Brazil; industrial complexes; fuzzy clusters; spatial accessibility

Métodos de análise regional e urbana: diagnóstico aplicado ao planejamento

This paper intends to identify the most important methodological advances on urban and regional methods of analysis for the last fifty years. The aim of the paper is to carry out an applied analysis of the main urban and regional techniques in order to contribute to diagnosis and economy policy on urban and regional economic development. These techniques are divided into three parts: 1) traditional methods; 2) multivariate analysis applied on urban and regional economics; and 3) recent developments. For each technique we will emphasize the most important properties, limits and potentialities to urban and regional development economic policies

Experiência espanhola de planejamento regional

This paper analyses the Spanish experience on regional planning during the XXth century. It starts with a brief exposition about the Spanish regional imbalances and its institutional framework. After this the paper presents historically the Spanish experience on regional policy and planning, since the period of Franco Government until the entrance on European Union. It concludes speculating about the effects of European Cohesion Policy and Europe-21 in Spanish territory.Spain; regional planning

Regional imbalances and market potential in Brazil

Brazil presented in the last 30 years not only periods of economic growth but also crises and stagnation. The Brazilian regions’ performance (in face of the challenges and opportunities presented during this period) was not even at all, as we can see by the massive regional imbalances around the country. Various approaches have tried to understand this reality of economic activity spatial concentration. Among them, the emerging New Economic Geography (NEG). Could this theory comprehend and explain the regional unevenness on wages among Brazilian municipalities over the recent decades? Using 1980, 1991 and 2000 Brazilian Census data (at comparables municipalities areas), this paper aims to estimate the NEG wage equation, using panel data model with spatially correlated errors components. The results point to a strong relationship between market potential and wages, indicating that the NEG theoretical framework might be well fit to recent Brazilian municipalities’ reality.New economic geography, market potential, Brazil

A dinâmica setorial e os determinantes locacionais das microrregiões paulistas

The main aim of this paper is to analyze the locational factors of urbanization in State of São Paulo (Brazil) between 2000 and 2005. Using a micro-regional database, we apply a set of techniques: a) the method shift-share (Esteban-Marquillas), b) Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluste Analysisr. The main results indicate that the process of occupation of the countryside by economic activities and migration (began in the late 70s) has directly benefited the micro-regions of Campinas, São José dos Campos, Sorocaba, Ribeirão Preto, Santos and Jundiaí. The effects of this process have spilled over to the surrounding regions, creating the present competitive and locational advantages, and forming urban agglomerations in the State area.Locational factors; Internalization of the industry; Shift-share; Multivariate Analysis; Brazil.

Teorias do desenvolvimento regional e suas implicações de política econômica no pós-guerra: o caso do Brasil

Discussions about the regional question gained new impetus in the post-war and its ideas influenced the regional economic planning in many countries, especially in Latin America. This paper describes the main characteristics of four theories developed in this period: The Theory of Growth Pole, the Theory of Circular Cumulative Causation, the Theory of Unbalanced Growth and the Export Base Theory. After that we analyze how these theories influenced the regional planning in Brazil between 1950 and 1980. The analysis of the main national plans of development shows that the policy makers tried to follow these theoretical recommendations. However, the results of these policies were limited by several misinterpretations, like the exaggerate emphasis on the import replacing without diversification of the exportations, and the national development of long-term has been compromised. After this period of state intervention, there were many changes in the economic environment, including in the mainstream about the regional development.Regional Development Theories, Economic Planning, Regional Development Policies

Desigualdade econômica regional e spillovers espaciais: evidências para o nordeste do Brasil

Objective of this study is to identify existence of spatial dependence between the capital microregions of the Northeast of Brazil, as well as the existence of spatial spillovers on the growth of GDP per capita between these cities, in 2000-2006. For this it was estimated an econometric model space, using a matrix of spatial weights which were considered as the capital of neighboring microregions including the travel time to the other is up to two hours, which had a sample of 166 geographical units of analysis. The results show that in the period analyzed, the economic performance of capital microregions of the Northeast was not affected by the performance of its neighbors, ie, there is the presence of spillovers between municipalities located in the sample.Northeast, Growth, Location, Spillovers