Evaluation of five standard protocols for the obtention of canine platelet rich plasma

Introduction: platelet rich plasma (PRP) usage has acquired great relevance within the last few years, which has demonstrated its usefulness in the treatment of some pathologies. Up until now, there is not enough information on efficient obtention processes that warrants a wished minimal concentration for therapeutical purposes. This study compared five known protocols for PRP obtention and stablished the best performance to determine which protocol offers the greatest number of platelets with common resources within the clinic. Methodology: five standard protocols recommended by international literature were compared by its capacity to accomplish larger amounts of platelets. Canine blood with a normal hemogram was used to evaluate each protocol by counting each PRP number. Results: a platelet count was carried out and it was found that 163% for protocol C, followed by protocol B, E, D and A with 96%, 8.62%, 6.38% and 4.47%, respectively. Conclusions: there is a great variability between platelet count within each protocol. In this case, protocol C gave the best result, being the one that demands more revolutions and time for the obtention of PRP.Introducción: el uso de plasma rico en plaquetas (PRP) ha tomado gran importancia durante los últimos años, lo que ha demostrado su utilidad en el tratamiento de algunas patologías. Por otra parte, no se encuentra adecuada información sobre los procesos más eficientes de obtención, que garanticen la concentración mínima deseada para los propósitos terapéuticos. Este estudio comparó cinco protocolos conocidos de obtención de PRP y estableció el mejor rendimiento para determinar qué protocolo de PRP ofrece el mayor número de plaquetas con los implementos de uso corriente en la clínica. Metodología: se compararon cinco protocolos estándar clásicos recomendados por la literatura internacional, por su capacidad de lograr altas concentraciones de plaquetas. Se utilizó sangre de caninos con un hemograma normal para evaluar cada protocolo, vía conteo del PRP de cada uno de ellos. Resultados: se realizó conteo plaquetario y se encontró en un 163 % para el protocolo C, seguido por protocolo B, E, D y A con un 96 %, 8,62 %, 6,38 % y 4,47 %, respectivamente. Conclusiones: existe variabilidad de concentración de plaquetas entre los diferentes protocolos, en este caso, el protocolo C dio mejores resultados, siendo el que demanda un número menor de revoluciones y tiempo para la obtención de PRP.Introdução: o uso de plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) vem ganhando importância nos últimos anos, o que demonstra sua utilidade no tratamento de algumas patologias. Contudo, não se encontra adequada informação sobre os processos mais eficientes para obtê-lo que garantam a concentração mínima desejada para os fins terapêuticos. Este estudo comparou cinco protocolos conhecidos de obtenção de PRP e estabeleceu o melhor desempenho para determinar qual protocolo de PRP oferece o maior número de plaquetas com os implementos de uso comum na clínica. Metodologia: foram comparados cinco protocolos-padrão clássicos recomendados pela literatura internacional, por sua capacidade de atingir altas concentrações de plaquetas. Foi utilizado sangue de caninos com um hemograma normal para avaliar cada protocolo, via contagem de PRP de cada um deles. Resultados: foi realizada contagem plaquetária e foi verificado em 163 % para o protocolo C, seguido por protocolo B, E, D e A com 96 %, 8,62 %, 6,38 % e 4,47 %, respectivamente. Conclusões: existe variabilidade de concentração de plaquetas entre os diferentes protocolos, nesse caso, o protocolo C apresentou melhores resultados, sendo o que demanda menor número de revoluções e tempo para obter PRP

Multi-criteria analysis of machines using AHP

A comprehensive analysis of the machines is a key aspect that must be considered in any production plant. In this sense, the objective of this paper is to categorize the machines that are part of a beer can packaging line, based on the criticality of each one, through an automated fault recording scheme and the calculation of lost production. An operational investigation has been carried out, in which the data collection has been based on the failures of the machines that compose the production line, and then carried out a descriptive investigation, of an empirical and documentary nature, supported by primary and secondary sources where cases of safety and quality events, which have occurred in similar plants of the same company, during the last two years were studied. On the other hand, it is known that there is a constant technological advance in the industrial sector and an increasing demand for the product. In this context, it is intended to contribute with a methodology that facilitates planning for corrective, preventive and predictive maintenance, in order to improve the production process. The obtained result has revealed that it is possible to define a list of critical machines based on certain criteria, using the methodology called Hierarchical Analytical Process (AHP). It is concluded that through the simulations of unscheduled failures it is possible to carry out an analysis to obtain a list of machines with certain levels of criticality and thus improve the maintenance management of the company.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Vertical ridge augmentation of fibula flap in mandibular reconstruction: a comparison between vertical distraction, double-barrel flap, and iliac crest graft

© 2020. The authors. This document is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/ This document is the published version of a published work that appeared in final form in Journal of Clinical MedicineDouble-barrel flap, vertical distraction and iliac crest graft are used to reconstruct the vertical height of the fibula. Twenty-four patients with fibula flap were reconstructed comparing these techniques (eight patients in each group) in terms of height of bone, bone resorption, implant success rate and the effects of radiotherapy. The increase in vertical bone with vertical distraction, double-barrel flap and iliac crest was 12.5 ± 0.78 mm, 18.5 ± 0.5 mm, and 17.75 ± 0.6 mm, (p < 0.001). The perimplant bone resorption was 2.31 ± 0.12 mm, 1.23 ± 0.09 mm and 1.43 ± 0.042 mm (p < 0.001), respectively. There were significant differences in vertical bone reconstruction and bone resorption between double-barrel flap and vertical distraction and between iliac crest and vertical distraction (p < 0.001). The study did not show significant differences in implant failure (p = 0.346). Radiotherapy did not affect vertical bone reconstruction (p = 0.125) or bone resorption (p = 0.237) but it showed higher implant failure in radiated patients (p = 0.015). The double-barrel flap and iliac crest graft showed better stability in the height of bone and less bone resorption and higher implant success rates compared with vertical distraction. Radiation therapy did not affect the vertical bone reconstruction but resulted in a higher implant failure

Compra e venda: A obrigação legal de transferir a propriedade. Uma atualização esquecida

In the context of a purchase and sale contract, specifically concerning the seller's obligations, the phrase "to give a thing" (Article 1661 of the Civil Code of Uruguay) could imply either the obligation to deliver possession of a good or the obligation to transfer ownership. This has been a subject of debate in doctrinal discussions. Although traditional jurisprudence and doctrine have limited the seller's obligation to delivering possession of the good, a conceptual and contextual review—linked with other named contracts in the same Civil Code and with similar legal transactions created by later special laws, combined with the application of logical-systematic, teleological, and evolutionary interpretation rules—determines that the seller is not only obligated to deliver possession of the good being sold but also to transfer ownership.En el ámbito del contrato de compraventa, y específicamente en el contenido de la obligación del vendedor, el enunciado “dar una cosa” (art. 1661 del Código Civil de Uruguay) podría implicar la obligación de entregar la posesión de un bien o la obligación de transferir el dominio, aspecto que ha sido debatido en el ámbito doctrinal. A pesar de que la jurisprudencia y doctrina tradicional limitan el contenido de la obligación del vendedor al deber de entregar la posesión del bien, una revisión conceptual y contextual vinculada con otros contratos nominados del mismo Código Civil, así como con negocios jurídicos de similar contenido que la compraventa creados por leyes especiales posteriores, sumada a la aplicación de reglas de la interpretación lógico sistemática, teleológica y evolutiva, determinan que el vendedor no solo está obligado a entregar la posesión del bien objeto de la compraventa, sino también a transmitir la propiedad.No âmbito do contrato de compra e venda, e especificamente no conteúdo da obrigação do vendedor, a afirmação “dar una cosa” (dar algo; art. 1661 do Código Civil Uruguaio) poderia implicar a obrigação de entregar a posse de um bem ou a obrigação de transferir a propriedade, aspecto que tem sido debatido no campo doutrinário. Embora a jurisprudência e a doutrina tradicional limitem o conteúdo da obrigação do vendedor ao dever de entregar a posse do bem, uma revisão conceitual e contextual vinculada a outros contratos disciplinados no mesmo Código Civil, bem como a negócios jurídicos de conteúdo semelhante à compra e venda criados por leis especiais posteriores, somada à aplicação de regras de interpretação lógica sistemática, teleológica e evolutiva, determinam que o vendedor não só é obrigado a entregar a posse do bem objeto da venda, mas também a transferir a propriedade

Postlaunch evidence-generation studies for medical devices in Spain: the RedETS approach to integrate real-world evidence into decision making

The Monitoring Studies (MS) program, the approach developed by RedETS to generate postlaunch real-world evidence (RWE), is intended to complement and enhance the conventional health technology assessment process to support health policy decision making in Spain, besides informing other interested stakeholders, including clinicians and patients. The MS program is focused on specific uncertainties about the real effect, safety, costs, and routine use of new and insufficiently assessed relevant medical devices carefully selected to ensure the value of the additional research needed, by means of structured, controlled, participative, and transparent procedures. However, despite a clear political commitment and economic support from national and regional health authorities, several difficulties were identified along the development and implementation of the first wave of MS, delaying its execution and final reporting. Resolution of these difficulties at the regional and national levels and a greater collaborative impulse in the European Union, given the availability of an appropriate methodological framework already provided by EUnetHTA, might provide a faster and more efficient comparative RWE of improved quality and reliability at the national and international levels

Treatment of maxillary hypoplasia in cleft lip and palate: segmental distraction osteogenesis with hyrax device

The objective of this work is to describe a segmental maxillary distraction osteogenesis (SDO) with segmental Lefort I with an inexpensive device.Four patients who presented severe class III and maxillary hypoplasia due to cleft lip and palate sequel were treated. A SDO was performed using a dental-anchored Hyrax device, achieving enlargement of the upper jaw without altering speech, with adequate and stable occlusion. Dental implants in a new formed bone were installed.The authors can conclude that SDO is a good treatment alternative for patients with maxillary hypoplasia. It preserves velopharyngeal function and is a stable treatment, maintaining the overjet achieved with distraction osteogenesis, without changes in posterior occlusion. The open bite generated with tooth-borne devices can be solved with temporary anchorage devices and intermaxillary elastics during consolidation phase. Modified Hyrax device allows expanding and moving forward the maxillary arch, with a low cost

Economic–Financial Assessment of Seawater Desalination Plants in Northern Chile to Reduce Hydric Scarcity and a Proposal for the Environmental and Sustainable Use of Brine Waste by Cultivating the Microalga <i>Dunaliella salina</i> to Produce β-Carotene

Climate change and global warming generate serious consequences and disturbances by drastically modifying historical temperature and precipitation patterns. Water scarcity is one of the most revealing phenomena of these instabilities. This transdisciplinary bibliometric and economic–financial research focuses on analyzing two aspects: first, the feasibility of implementing seawater desalination plants as a solution to water scarcity in northern Chile. Investment and amortization costs of the desalination plants were determined (NPV-IRR-IRP). NPV showed a positive value indicating a recovery of the initial investment and a surplus over profitability. The IRR was higher than the discount rate calculated for NPV, which showed that the investment project was accepted. The IRP indicated that the initial investment of the plant would be recovered in 3.7 years. Second, an innovative and environmentally sustainable solution to the brine (NaCl) waste generated by desalination plants is proposed through the cultivation of Dunaliella salina microalgae tolerant to high brine concentrations to produce β-carotene. The analyzed desalination plants and the sustainable use of brine residues offer interesting economic perspectives to a 10-year projection establishing a surplus over profitability. The SWOT analysis estimates an excellent production of β-carotene through the microalgae and alternatives to the problem of sea pollution by concentrated brine waste

Correction of chin ptosis

Chin ptosis is described as a descent of the soft tissue from the symphyseal region to a position under the lower contour of the mandible. Given its multifactorial causes, treatment must be determined on a patient-by-patient basis. While augmentation of the submental crease is a versatile option for the correction of chin ptosis, this only corrects the soft tissue component. A technical modification to treat dynamic chin ptosis, associated with bone reduction in the mandibular symphysis, is presented here

Modified Le fort III osteotomy: A simple solution to severe midfacial hypoplasia

Purpose: There are multiple conditions that may affect the development of the middle third of the face and with varying degrees of severity. The surgical treatment alternatives for major midfacial sagittal deficiencies consist in Le Fort I, II, or III with conventional osteotomies or with distraction osteogenesis (DO). Both techniques have advantages and disadvantages that should be evaluated specifically in each case. The aim of this report is to present a group of patients with severe hypoplasia of the middle third of the face, with different origins, and their treatment with a Modified Le Fort III osteotomy and distraction osteogenesis, using a minimally invasive surgical approach. Materials and methods: The surgical technique was performed in a group of patients with severe hypoplasia of the middle third of the face, through a transconjunctival approach with lateral canthotomy and a trans-oral approach. The osteotomy consisted of a Le Fort III without the nasofrontal component. A rigid external distractor (RED) type II or internal distractor was installed. The amount of distraction, surgical time, blood loss, and complications were evaluated. Results: A total of 7 patients underwent operation, 5 men and 2 women with an average age of 20.8 (range 11-41) years; 3 patients with Crouzon syndrome, 2 with Pfeiffer syndrome, 1 patient with cleft lip and palate sequel, and 1 with a severe non-syndromic class III. The average follow-up was 3.14 years. All patients achieved stable occlusion without postoperative changes, positive overbite and overjet, without relapse in the skeletal position. The average advancement was 14.7 (+/- 4.07) mm, in 1.1 incisors, and 15.2 (+/- 3.19) in point A. The average time of surgery was 2.78 (+/- 0.64) hours, with an average blood loss of 240 (+/- 48.6) ml. Four patients required a rhinoplasty in a secondary surgery. Conclusion: This technique shows a surgical approach with low morbidity, short surgery time, and low blood loss. It allows optimal resolution of severe hypoplasia of the middle third of the face with longterm stability. It avoids the use of grafts and osteosynthesis material. By not including the nasal pyramid in the osteotomy design, the size, position, and nasofrontal angle in patients with adequate facial balance is maintained. If nasal correction is necessary, a second surgery may be done. In cases of asymmetrical hypoplasia of the middle third, this osteotomy shows great versatility and can be done unilaterally and/or simultaneously combined with other distractions