23,640 research outputs found
Electric current induced unidirectional propagation of surface plasmon-polaritons
Nonreciprocity and one-way propagation of optical signals is crucial for
modern nanophotonic technology, and is typically achieved using magneto-optical
effects requiring large magnetic biases. Here we suggest a fundamentally novel
approach to achieve unidirectional propagation of surface plasmon-polaritons
(SPPs) at metal-dielectric interfaces. We employ a direct electric current in
metals, which produces a Doppler frequency shift of SPPs due to the uniform
drift of electrons. This tilts the SPP dispersion, enabling one-way
propagation, as well as zero and negative group velocities. The results are
demonstrated for planar interfaces and cylindrical nanowire waveguides.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Opt. Let
Effective shell model Hamiltonians from density functional theory: quadrupolar and pairing correlations
We describe a procedure for mapping a self-consistent mean-field theory (also
known as density functional theory) into a shell model Hamiltonian that
includes quadrupole-quadrupole and monopole pairing interactions in a truncated
space. We test our method in the deformed N=Z sd-shell nuclei Ne-20, Mg-24 and
Ar-36, starting from the Hartree-Fock plus BCS approximation of the USD shell
model interaction. A similar procedure is then followed using the SLy4 Skyrme
energy density functional in the particle-hole channel plus a zero-range
density-dependent force in the pairing channel. Using the ground-state solution
of this density functional theory at the Hartree-Fock plus BCS level, an
effective shell model Hamiltonian is constructed. We use this mapped
Hamiltonian to extract quadrupolar and pairing correlation energies beyond the
mean field approximation. The rescaling of the mass quadrupole operator in the
truncated shell model space is found to be almost independent of the coupling
strength used in the pairing channel of the underlying mean-field theory.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure
Structure of krypton isotopes within the interacting boson model derived from the Gogny energy density functional
The evolution and coexistence of the nuclear shapes as well as the
corresponding low-lying collective states and electromagnetic transition rates
are investigated along the Krypton isotopic chain within the framework of the
interacting boson model (IBM). The IBM Hamiltonian is determined through
mean-field calculations based on the several parametrizations of the Gogny
energy density functional and the relativistic mean-field Lagrangian. The
mean-field energy surfaces, as functions of the axial and triaxial
quadrupole deformations, are mapped onto the expectation value of the
interacting-boson Hamiltonian that explicitly includes the particle-hole
excitations. The resulting boson Hamiltonian is then used to compute low-energy
excitation spectra as well as E2 and E0 transition probabilities for
Kr. Our results point to a number of examples of the prolate-oblate
shape transitions and coexistence both on the neutron-deficient and
neutron-rich sides. A reasonable agreement with the available experimental data
is obtained for the considered nuclear properties.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, 2 table
Angular momenta, helicity, and other properties of dielectric-fiber and metallic-wire modes
Spin and orbital angular momenta (AM) of light are well studied for
free-space electromagnetic fields, even nonparaxial. One of the important
applications of these concepts is the information transfer using AM modes,
often via optical fibers and other guiding systems. However, the
self-consistent description of the spin and orbital AM of light in optical
media (including dispersive and metallic cases) was provided only recently
[K.Y. Bliokh et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 073901 (2017)]. Here we present the
first accurate calculations, both analytical and numerical, of the spin and
orbital AM, as well as the helicity and other properties, for the full-vector
eigenmodes of cylindrical dielectric and metallic (nanowire) waveguides. We
find remarkable fundamental relations, such as the quantization of the
canonical total AM of cylindrical guided modes in the general nonparaxial case.
This quantization, as well as the noninteger values of the spin and orbital AM,
are determined by the generalized geometric and dynamical phases in the mode
fields. Moreover, we show that the spin AM of metallic-wire modes is
determined, in the geometrical-optics approximation, by the transverse spin of
surface plasmon-polaritons propagating along helical trajectories on the wire
surface. Our work provides a solid platform for future studies and applications
of the AM and helicity properties of guided optical and plasmonic waves.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Optic
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