Combined effect of magnetic field and hydrostatic pressure on the phase transitions exhibited by Ni-Mn-In metamagnetic shape memory alloy

We present a systematic study of the magnetostructural and magnetic transitions in the prototype metamagnetic shape memory alloy Ni50Mn34.5In15.5 under hydrostatic pressure and combined pressure and magnetic field. Pressure extends the area of stability of the antiferromagnetic martensitic phase. At low magnetic field the pressure derivatives of the Curie temperatures of austenite, TCA, and martensite, TCM, show opposite signs. This fact is described in the framework of the Landau thermodynamic model as arising from a weak long-range antiferromagnetic state of martensite. Two volume magnetoelastic constants were estimated using the experimental values of the pressure derivatives of TCA and TCM. A correlation between the signs of the pressure shifts of TCA, and TCM and the distance between Mn-Mn nearest neighbours is established, which matches the empirical Castelliz-Kanomata diagram. The entropy change at martensitic transformation (MT), ?SMT, grows up when the MT temperature, TM, is approaching TCA under the influence of pressure, but under constant non-zero pressure this dependence is inverse.The financial supports from Ministry of Science, Innovations and Universities (projects MAT2017-83631-C3-3-R and RTI2018-094683-B-C53-54) and from the Basque Government Department of Education (project IT1245-19) are greatly acknowledged

On a new NBUE property in multivariate sense: an application

Since multivariate lifetime data frequently occur in applications, various properties of multivariate distributions have been previously considered to model and describe the main concepts of aging commonly considered in the univariate setting. The generalization of univariate aging notions to the multivariate case involves, among other factors, appropriate definitions of multivariate quantiles and related notions, which are able to correctly describe the intrinsic characteristics of the concepts of aging that should be generalized, and which provide useful tools in the applications. A new multivariate version of the well-known New Better than Used in Expectation univariate aging notion is provided, by means of the concepts of the upper corrected orthant and multivariate excess-wealth function. Some of its properties are described, with particular attention paid to those that can be useful in the analysis of real data sets. Finally, through an example it is illustrated how the new multivariate aging notion influences the final results in the analysis of data on tumor growth from the Comprehensive Cohort Study performed by the German Breast Cancer Study Grou

A characterization of the multivariate excess wealth ordering

In this paper, some new properties of the upper-corrected orthant of a random vector are proved. The univariate right-spread or excess wealth function, introduced by Fernández-Ponce et al. (1996), is extended to multivariate random vectors, and some properties of this multivariate function are studied. Later, this function was used to define the excess wealth ordering by Shaked and Shanthikumar (1998) and Fernández-Ponce et al. (1998). The multivariate excess wealth function enable us to define a new stochastic comparison which is weaker than the multivariate dispersion orderings. Also, some properties relating the multivariate excess wealth order with stochastic dependence are describe

Paraganglioma of Prostatic Origin

Introduction Paragangliomas are usually benign tumors arising from chromaffin cells located outside the adrenal gland. Prostatic paraganglioma is an unusual entity in adult patients, with only 10 cases reported in the medical literature. Case Report A 34-year-old male with a history of chronic prostatitis consulted for perineal pain. On digital rectal examination the prostate was enlarged and firm, without nodules. The PSA level was 0.8 ng/mL and the catecholamines in the urine were elevated. On ultrasound a retrovesical 9 cm mass of undetermined origin measuring was present. A PET-CT scan showed a pelvic lesion measuring 9 cm with moderate increase in glucidic metabolism localized in the area of the prostate. A biopsy of the prostate revealed a neuroendocrine tumor, possibly a prostatic paraganglioma. A body scintigraphy with MIBG I-123 ruled out the presence of metastases or multifocal tumor. A radical prostatectomy with excision of the pelvic mass was performed under adrenergic blockade. One year after surgery the patient is asymptomatic and disease free. Discussion/Conclusions Prostatic paraganglioma is a rare, usually benign tumor, which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of prostate tumors in young males. Its diagnosis is based on the determination of catecholamine in blood and 24-hour urine and in imaging studies principally scintigraphy with MIBG I-123. Diagnostic confirmation is by histopathological study. The treatment consists of radical resection under adrenergic blockade and volume expansion. Given the limited number of cases reported, it is difficult to establish prognostic factors. Malignancy is defined by clinical criteria, and requires life long follow-up

Reforestación con arbustos para favorecer la conectividad ecológica en el Corredor Verde del Guadiamar

Se propone un diseño de restauración ecológica cuya función específica es fomentar la conectividad regional de un agrosistema (que ha sido contaminado con lodos mineros y posteriormente remediado) para múltiples especies de fauna forestal a través del Paisaje Protegido del Corredor Verde del Guadiamar, Sevilla. La propuesta se basa en el principio de aumentar la heterogeneidad espacial de la vegetación a varias escalas, tanto desde el punto de vista estructural como de diversidad de especies, para tratar de facilitar el aumento de especies animales que de ella dependen y la conectividad del conjunto. Para ello se ha diseñado un sistema de plantación de leñosas arbustivas en forma de parches discretos, distribuidos espacialmente en los herbazales regenerados espontáneamente en la zona inundable del río tras el episodio de contaminación y posterior recuperación de los suelos. Se plantean tres cuestiones para contrastar la capacidad real del modelo de reforestación para satisfacer los objetivos de conservación: 1) Comprobar si el diseño y ejecución de la plantación son adecuados para producir una vegetación estructurada, diversa y que ofrezca un hábitat de calidad para las especies de fauna forestal. 2) Comprobar si el aumento de la diversidad florística (en especies leñosas) se refleja en un aumento de la diversidad de especies animales. 3) Comprobar si el cambio en la cantidad y disposición espacial de la vegetación leñosa favorece la conectividad para las especies de fauna forestal. En este trabajo se presentan algunos resultados preliminares obtenidos a varias escalas: a) En una parcela piloto de 15 ha donde se han plantado 14.668 plantas de 16 especies autóctonas sobre la que se ha realizado un seguimiento de su supervivencia y crecimiento durante los tres primeros años. b) Estudios extensivos en zonas de diferente cobertura arbustiva (plantaciones de hace 7-9 años) a lo largo del Corredor Verde del Guadiamar y en fragmentos forestales vecinos. c) Resultados preliminares sobre el uso que están haciendo de estos parches algunas especies de mamíferos, así como de los movimientos de una especie de mariposa entre fragmentos

Reforestación con arbustos para favorecer la conectividad ecológica en el Corredor Verde del Guadiamar

Se propone un diseño de restauración ecológica cuya función específica es fomentar la conectividad regional de un agrosistema (que ha sido contaminado con lodos mineros y posteriormente remediado) para múltiples especies de fauna forestal a través del Paisaje Protegido del Corredor Verde del Guadiamar, Sevilla. La propuesta se basa en el principio de aumentar la heterogeneidad espacial de la vegetación a varias escalas, tanto desde el punto de vista estructural como de diversidad de especies, para tratar de facilitar el aumento de especies animales que de ella dependen y la conectividad del conjunto. Para ello se ha diseñado un sistema de plantación de leñosas arbustivas en forma de parches discretos, distribuidos espacialmente en los herbazales regenerados espontáneamente en la zona inundable del río tras el episodio de contaminación y posterior recuperación de los suelos. Se plantean tres cuestiones para contrastar la capacidad real del modelo de reforestación para satisfacer los objetivos de conservación: 1) Comprobar si el diseño y ejecución de la plantación son adecuados para producir una vegetación estructurada, diversa y que ofrezca un hábitat de calidad para las especies de fauna forestal. 2) Comprobar si el aumento de la diversidad florística (en especies leñosas) se refleja en un aumento de la diversidad de especies animales. 3) Comprobar si el cambio en la cantidad y disposición espacial de la vegetación leñosa favorece la conectividad para las especies de fauna forestal. En este trabajo se presentan algunos resultados preliminares obtenidos a varias escalas: a) En una parcela piloto de 15 ha donde se han plantado 14.668 plantas de 16 especies autóctonas sobre la que se ha realizado un seguimiento de su supervivencia y crecimiento durante los tres primeros años. b) Estudios extensivos en zonas de diferente cobertura arbustiva (plantaciones de hace 7-9 años) a lo largo del Corredor Verde del Guadiamar y en fragmentos forestales vecinos. c) Resultados preliminares sobre el uso que están haciendo de estos parches algunas especies de mamíferos, así como de los movimientos de una especie de mariposa entre fragmentos

Electronic structure of stoichiometric and Ar+-bombarded ZrO2 determined by resonant photoemission

The electronic properties of thermally grown ZrO2 thin films before and after Ar+ bombardment have been studied with resonant photoemission spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation. For stoichiometric ZrO2 thin films the experimental valence-band spectra are in good agreement with the calculated density of states for bulk ZrO2. For both stoichiometric and Ar+-bombarded ZrO2 thin films, resonant photoemission from the valence band was observed when the photon energy was swept through the Zr 4p→4d transition energy. The resonant profile was found to exhibit a maximum at hν=39 eV, followed by a second well-resolved broad maximum around 50 eV. The feature at 39 eV is consistent with resonant enhancement of the Zr 4d states and has been used to identify those regions of the valence band with an important Zr 4d admixture. The results are in good agreement with the calculated Zr 4d partial density of states. The intensity increase observed at hν∼45-50 eV is found to be associated with the nonbonding region of the valence band, although a proper interpretation is needed. In addition, it was found that Ar+ bombardment induces electronic states in the band-gap region and changes in the O 2p valence band. Three distinct emission bands were identified in the band gap as a function of the Ar+ dose. They are associated with the formation of oxygen vacancies and mixed oxidation states due to preferential sputtering of the oxygen atoms. Resonant photoemission of these Ar+-bombarded films demonstrates both the cationic character of the band-gap states and the increase of the cationic contribution to the O 2p valence band.Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología MAT93/0805, MAT94/1039 y PB93-0240Unión Europea ERBCHRXCT 930358 y BESSY-CHGECT93- 002

Genome-wide analysis of porcine backfat and intramuscular fat fatty acid composition using high-density genotyping and expression data

[EN] Background: Porcine fatty acid composition is a key factor for quality and nutritive value of pork. Several QTLs for fatty acid composition have been reported in diverse fat tissues. The results obtained so far seem to point out different genetic control of fatty acid composition conditional on the fat deposits. Those studies have been conducted using simple approaches and most of them focused on one single tissue. The first objective of the present study was to identify tissue-specific and tissue-consistent QTLs for fatty acid composition in backfat and intramuscular fat, combining linkage mapping and GWAS approaches and conducted under single and multitrait models. A second aim was to identify powerful candidate genes for these tissue-consistent QTLs, using microarray gene expression data and following a targeted genetical genomics approach. Results: The single model analyses, linkage and GWAS, revealed over 30 and 20 chromosomal regions, 24 of them identified here for the first time, specifically associated to the content of diverse fatty acids in BF and IMF, respectively. The analyses with multitrait models allowed identifying for the first time with a formal statistical approach seven different regions with pleiotropic effects on particular fatty acids in both fat deposits. The most relevant were found on SSC8 for C16:0 and C16:1(n-7) fatty acids, detected by both linkage and GWAS approaches. Other detected pleiotropic regions included one on SSC1 for C16:0, two on SSC4 for C16:0 and C18:2, one on SSC11 for C20:3 and the last one on SSC17 for C16:0. Finally, a targeted eQTL scan focused on regions showing tissue consistent effects was conducted with Longissimus and fat gene expression data. Some powerful candidate genes and regions were identified such as the PBX1, RGS4, TRIB3 and a transcription regulatory element close to ELOVL6 gene to be further studied. Conclusions: Complementary genome scans have confirmed several chromosome regions previously associated to fatty acid composition in backfat and intramuscular fat, but even more, to identify new ones. Although most of the detected regions were tissue-specific, supporting the hypothesis that the major part of genes affecting fatty acid composition differs among tissues, seven chromosomal regions showed tissue-consistent effects. Additional gene expression analyses have revealed powerful target regions to carry the mutation responsible for the pleiotropic effects.This work was funded by the MICINN project AGL2011-29821-C02 (Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad). We thank to Fabian Garcia, Anna Mercade and Carmen Barragan for their assistance in DNA preparation and SNP genotyping.Muñoz, M.; Rodríguez, MC.; Alves, E.; Folch, J.; Ibañez Escriche, N.; Silió, L.; Fernández, A. (2013). Genome-wide analysis of porcine backfat and intramuscular fat fatty acid composition using high-density genotyping and expression data. BMC Genomics. 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-845S14Lichtenstein, A. H. (2003). Dietary Fat and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Quantity or Quality? Journal of Women’s Health, 12(2), 109-114. doi:10.1089/154099903321576493Jiménez-Colmenero, F., Ventanas, J., & Toldrá, F. (2010). Nutritional composition of dry-cured ham and its role in a healthy diet. Meat Science, 84(4), 585-593. doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.10.029Webb, E. C., & O’Neill, H. A. (2008). The animal fat paradox and meat quality. Meat Science, 80(1), 28-36. doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.05.029Wood, J. D., Enser, M., Fisher, A. V., Nute, G. R., Sheard, P. 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Journal of Animal Science, 90(9), 2883-2893. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4900Uemoto, Y., Soma, Y., Sato, S., Ishida, M., Shibata, T., Kadowaki, H., … Suzuki, K. (2011). Genome-wide mapping for fatty acid composition and melting point of fat in a purebred Duroc pig population. Animal Genetics, 43(1), 27-34. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02218.xGuo, T., Ren, J., Yang, K., Ma, J., Zhang, Z., & Huang, L. (2009). Quantitative trait loci for fatty acid composition in longissimus dorsi and abdominal fat: results from a White Duroc × Erhualian intercross F2population. Animal Genetics, 40(2), 185-191. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2052.2008.01819.xRamos, A. M., Crooijmans, R. P. M. A., Affara, N. A., Amaral, A. J., Archibald, A. L., Beever, J. E., … Groenen, M. A. M. (2009). Design of a High Density SNP Genotyping Assay in the Pig Using SNPs Identified and Characterized by Next Generation Sequencing Technology. 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Garvicins AG1 and AG2 : two novel class IId bacteriocins of lactococcus garvieae Lg-Granada

Funding: This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities, grant number RTI2018-098530-B-I00. The APC was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities, grant number RTI2018-098530-B-I00.Lactococcus garvieae causes infectious diseases in animals and is considered an emerging zoonotic pathogen involved in human clinical conditions. In silico analysis of plasmid pLG50 of L. garvieae Lg-Granada, an isolate from a patient with endocarditis, revealed the presence of two gene clusters (orf 46–47 and orf 48–49), each one encoding a novel putative bacteriocin, i.e., garvicin AG1 (GarAG1; orf 46) and garvicin AG2 (GarAG2; orf 48), and their corresponding immunity proteins (orf 47 and orf 49). The chemically synthesised bacteriocins GarAG1 and GarAG2 presented inhibitory activity against pathogenic L. garvieae strains, with AG2 also being active against Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria ivanovii and Enterococcus faecalis. Genetic organisation, amino acid sequences and antimicrobial activities of GarAG1 and GarAG2 indicate that they belong to linear non-pediocin-like one-peptide class IId bacteriocins. Gram-positive bacteria that were sensitive to GarAG2 were also able to ferment mannose, suggesting that this bacteriocin could use the mannose phosphotransferase transport system (Man-PTS) involved in mannose uptake as a receptor in sensitive strains. Intriguingly, GarAG1 and GarAG2 were highly active against their own host, L. garvieae Lg-Granada, which could be envisaged as a new strategy to combat pathogens via their own weapons.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Estratigrafía del subsuelo y evolución sedimentaria del sector sur de la cuenca terciaria del Duero

This paper describes the main stratigraphic characters of the Palaeogene and Neogene subsurface successions of the southern sector of the Tertiary Duero Basin. Data have been obtained by the analysis of several hundred wells performed in this area. These successions are separated by the Alba-Villoria fault; which acted as a normal fault during the Neogene. The Palaeogene successions develop a wedge geometry thickening towards the northeast and show a complex internal organization with a high degree of lateral and vertical variability making difficult its correlation. They have been interpreted as meandering and braided fluvial channels. The Neogene successions show an mostly lobe geometry emerging from the Alba-Villoria fault and the southern margin of the basin. These coarse-grained lobes change to the east and the northeast into a lutitic realm. The main features of the infilling of the Neogene basin have been illustrated through five coarse detrital percentage maps