Microbiological and Physicochemical Changes in Natural Green Heat-Shocked Aloreña de Málaga Table Olives

11 Páginas; 5 Tablas; 6 FigurasPreserving the highly appreciated natural freshness of Aloreña de Málaga table olives and preventing their progressive darkening during processing is a major challenge. In this work, heat-shocked (60°C, 5 min) fruits were processed according to the three denominations referred to in the Protected Designation of Origen (cured, fresh green, and traditional) and their characteristics compared with those that followed the habitual industrial process (controls). The results revealed that the effects of the heat treatment on the evolution of pH, titratable acidity, salt, sugar, organic acid, ethanol content, texture, and color of fruits as well as on microbial populations (yeasts and lactic acid bacteria) were slight in the case of the fresh green and cured presentations. However, the differences between heat-shocked and its control were remarkable in the traditional process. Notably, the heat treatment favored lactic acid fermentation, retention of the green appearance of the fruits, stability during packaging, and led to the highest sensory evaluation. The metagenomic analysis carried out at the end of the fermentation revealed the presence in all samples of three genera (Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, and Celerinatantimonas) which encompassed most of the sequences. The number of Lactobacillus sequences was statistically higher (p ≥ 0.05) in the case of traditional heat-shocked fruits than in its control.The research leading to these results has received funding from Junta de Andalucía Government through the PrediAlo project (AGR-7755: www.predialo.science.com.es) and FEDER European funds. FA-L wishes to express thanks to the Spanish government for his RyC postdoctoral research contract while VR-G would like to thank ceiA3, Spanish Government, Bank of Santander, IG-CSIC and ‘Aloreña de Málaga’ Olive Manufacturing Association for her predoctoral fellowship. Authors express their gratitude to Dr. Borja Sánchez (IPLA-CSIC) for his invaluable help in the metagenomic analysis.Peer reviewe

Evolutionary-based prediction interval estimation by blending solar radiation forecasting models using meteorological weather types

Recent research has shown that the integration or blending of different forecasting models is able to improve the predictions of solar radiation. However, most works perform model blending to improve point forecasts, but the integration of forecasting models to improve probabilistic forecasting has not received much attention. In this work the estimation of prediction intervals for the integration of four Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) forecasting models (Smart Persistence, WRF-solar, CIADcast, and Satellite) is addressed. Several short-term forecasting horizons, up to one hour ahead, have been analyzed. Within this context, one of the aims of the article is to study whether knowledge about the synoptic weather conditions, which are related to the stability of weather, might help to reduce the uncertainty represented by prediction intervals. In order to deal with this issue, information about which weather type is present at the time of prediction, has been used by the blending model. Four weather types have been considered. A multi-objective variant of the Lower Upper Bound Estimation approach has been used in this work for prediction interval estimation and compared with two baseline methods: Quantile Regression (QR) and Gradient Boosting (GBR). An exhaustive experimental validation has been carried out, using data registered at Seville in the Southern Iberian Peninsula. Results show that, in general, using weather type information reduces uncertainty of prediction intervals, according to all performance metrics used. More specifically, and with respect to one of the metrics (the ratio between interval coverage and width), for high-coverage (0.90, 0.95) prediction intervals, using weather type enhances the ratio of the multi-objective approach by 2%¿. Also, comparing the multi-objective approach versus the two baselines for high-coverage intervals, the improvement is 11%¿% over QR and 10%¿% over GBR. Improvements for low-coverage intervals (0.85) are smaller.The authors are supported by projects funded by Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Spain (PID2019-107455RB-C21 and PID2019-107455RB-C22/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). Also supported by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, project ENE2014-56126-C2-1-R and ENE2014-56126-C2-2-R (http://prosol.uc3m.es). The University of Jaén team is also supported by FEDER, Spain funds and by the Junta de Andalucía, Spain (Research group TEP-220

Desarrollo y evaluación de un sistema interactivo para personas con discapacidad visual

This document presents the experimentation, development and results of testing conducted on a computer application designed for visually impaired people. The interactive system aims to promote some places in the State of Aguascalientes, Mexico, and improve the memory of blind users. The purpose of this article is to describe the construction of the system and the testing conducted to measure the degree of interactivity with blind people. Creating interactivity-focused applications is important since it can improve the degree of technology usage (mobile devices) of people with disabilities. To assess the quality of this type of software, the specifications they should meet need to be established. They involve big screens, adapted keyboards and ergonomics [1] and depend on the type of disability being addressed. Therefore, they should be characterized to determine how to develop them and assess their quality with the degree of interaction obtained. The main contribution of this work is presenting the results of the degree of interactivity of the system when used by blind people and detailing part of the Team Software Process (TSP) defined by Watts Humphrey and adopted for developing the application [2].Lo que se presenta en este documento es una experimentación sobre el desarrollo y los resultados de las pruebas realizadas de una aplicación para computadora, enfocadas a personas con discapacidad visual. Los objetivos del sistema interactivo son: dar a conocer algunos lugares del estado de Aguascalientes, México; y fortalecer la memoria del usuario ciego. El propósito de este artículo es que mediante la construcción del sistema y las pruebas realizadas se da a conocer el grado de interactividad para personas ciegas. El construir aplicaciones con calidad enfocada a la interactividad es importante, ya que, para personas con discapacidad, puede mejorar el grado de uso de las tecnologías (dispositivos móviles). Para determinar la calidad es necesario conocer las características que debe de tener este tipo de aplicaciones, como lo son: pantalla grande, teclado adecuado, ergonomía, entre otras [1], dependiendo del tipo de discapacidad al que se esté refiriendo, es decir, se debe de caracterizar la aplicación para poder determinar cómo desarrollar la aplicación y la medición de la calidad mediante el grado de interacción obtenido. La principal aportación de este trabajo es mostrar los resultados obtenidos del grado de interactividad del sistema al ser utilizado por personas ciegas, así como mostrar parte del proceso de producción de software en el trabajo en equipos definido por Watts Humphrey utilizado para la construcción de la aplicación (TSP) [2]

Elastic scattering and α -particle production in 6 He + 208 Pb collisions at 22 MeV

Experimental results of the elastic scattering of 6He on 208Pb at E LAB=22 MeV, measured at the CRC facility (Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium), are presented, including results on the 4He production channel. These data were taken with full angular coverage and high angular resolution. Both experimental cross sections are compared with continuum discretized coupled channels and distorted-wave Born approximation calculations, where direct breakup and transfer to the continuum processes are considered. The elastic data confirm the absence of the Coulomb rainbow, while the distribution of α particles indicates that such production is mostly generated by transfer to the continuum.MICINN FPA2005-04460 FPA200502379 FPA2006-13807-c02-01 FPA2007-63074 FPA2009-07653 FPA2009-07387 FPA2010-22131-C02-01Junta de Andalucía FQM-4964Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CSD2007-00042Comisión Europea HPRI-CT-1999-0011

Body image concerns and involvement in the type-D personality

Antecedentes: La preocupación por la imagen corporal se relaciona con el trastorno dismórfico corporal. La Personalidad Tipo-D (afecto negativo e inhibición social) repercute sobre la presencia/mantenimiento de enfermedades cardiovasculares. Aunque ambos constructos tienen que ver con el cuerpo y su funcionamiento, no se han hallado estudios acerca de cómo ambas afectan a la salud psicológica. Método. Participantes: 331 universitarios (81,9 % mujeres). Edad media de 21.52 años (DT 3,20). Diseño: transversal ex post facto, una medida, relaciones Anova/Ancova de los factores Personalidad Tipo-D (y componentes), preocupación dismórfica, y género. Instrumentos: Cuestionario de Personalidad Tipo-D (afecto negativo e inhibición social), Cuestionario de preocupaciones dismórficas (DCQ), y Cuestionario de Salud General (GHQ-28): somatización, ansiedad, disfunción social, y depresión. Resultados: Se obtienen relaciones significativas entre las preocupaciones dismórficas y la Personalidad Tipo-D, tanto globalmente como por factores. Se obtiene un patrón diferenciado para estos criterios en función del género. Los varones muestran una conexión de la Personalidad Tipo-D con la somatización, las preocupaciones dismórficas se relacionan con la ansiedad, sin interacción significativa con el género. Conclusiones: La identificación temprana de la Personalidad Tipo-D y las preocupaciones dismórficas pueden ser relevante para la salud física y psicológica por su repercusión sobre enfermedades cardiovasculares y el trastorno dismórfico corporal.Background: Concern about body image is related to body dysmorphic disorder. The Type-D Personality (negative affect and social inhibition) impacts on the presence/maintenance of cardiovascular diseases. Although both constructs have to do with the body and its functioning, no studies were found about how these variables affect to psychological health. Method. Participants: 331 students (81.9% women). Average age: 21.52 years (SD 3.20). Design: crosssectional, ex-post-facto, a measure with Anova/Ancova relations, and three factors: Type-D personality (and components), dysmorphic concern, and gender. Instruments: Type-D Personality Questionnaire (negative affect and social inhibition), dysmorphic concern questionnaire (DCQ), and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28): somatization, anxiety, social dysfunction, and depression. Results: Significant relationships were obtained between dysmorphic concerns and Type-D personality, both overall scores and factors ones. Differentiated pattern is obtained for these criteria with gender. Males show a connection of Type-D personality with somatization, dysmorphic concerns relate to the anxiety, without significant interaction with gender. Conclusions: Early identification of Type-D personality and dysmorphic concerns may be relevant to the physical and psychological health because of their impact on cardiovascular disease and body dysmorphic disorder

Alternative Eco-Friendly Methods in the Control of Post-Harvest Decay of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits

The effectiveness on several fruits by the application of alternative methods against fungi is summarized in the present chapter. Several investigations have reported the efficacy of these technologies for controlling fungal infections. Currently, high post-harvest loses have been reported due to several factors such as inefficient management, lack of training for farmers, and problems with appropriate conditions for storage of fruits and vegetables. Even now, in many countries, post-harvest disease control is led by the application of chemical fungicides. However, in this time, awareness about fungi resistance, environmental, and health issues has led to the research of eco-friendly and effective alternatives for disease management. The pathogen establishment on fruits can be affected by the application of GRAS compounds like chitosan, essential oils, salts, among others; besides, their efficacy can be enhanced by their combination with other technologies like ultrasound. Thus, the applications of these alternatives are suitable approaches for post-harvest management of fruits

p38γ and p38δ regulate postnatal cardiac metabolism through glycogen synthase 1

During the first weeks of postnatal heart development, cardiomyocytes undergo a major adaptive metabolic shift from glycolytic energy production to fatty acid oxidation. This metabolic change is contemporaneous to the up-regulation and activation of the p38γ and p38δ stress-activated protein kinases in the heart. We demonstrate that p38γ/δ contribute to the early postnatal cardiac metabolic switch through inhibitory phosphorylation of glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1) and glycogen metabolism inactivation. Premature induction of p38γ/δ activation in cardiomyocytes of newborn mice results in an early GYS1 phosphorylation and inhibition of cardiac glycogen production, triggering an early metabolic shift that induces a deficit in cardiomyocyte fuel supply, leading to whole-body metabolic deregulation and maladaptive cardiac pathogenesis. Notably, the adverse effects of forced premature cardiac p38γ/δ activation in neonate mice are prevented by maternal diet supplementation of fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation. These results suggest that diet interventions have a potential for treating human cardiac genetic diseases that affect heart metabolism.G.S. is a YIP EMBO member. B.G.T. was a fellow of the FPI Severo Ochoa CNIC program (SVP-2013-067639) and currently is funded by the AHA-CHF (AHA award number: 818798). V.M.R. is a FPI fellow (BES-2014-069332) and A.M.S. is a fellow of the FPI Severo Ochoa CNIC program (BES-2016-077635). This work was funded by the following grants: to G.S.: funding from the EFSD/Lilly European Diabetes Research Programme Dr Sabio, from Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MINECO-FEDER SAF2016-79126-R and PID2019-104399RB-I00), Comunidad de Madrid (IMMUNOTHERCAN-CM S2010/BMD-2326 and B2017/BMD-3733) and Fundación Jesús Serra; to P.A.: Ayudas para apoyar grupos de investigación del sistema Universitario Vasco (IT971-16 to P.A.), MCIU/AEI/FEDER, funding from Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (RTI2018-095134-B-100); Excellence Network Grant from MICIU/AEI (SAF2016-81975-REDT and 2018-PN188) to PA and GS; to J.V.: funding from Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (PGC2018-097019-B-I00), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria grant PRB3 (PT17/0019/0003- ISCIII-SGEFI / ERDF, ProteoRed), and “la Caixa” Banking Foundation (project code HR17-00247); to J.P.B.: funding from Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (PID2019-105699RB-I00, RED2018‐102576‐T) and Escalera de Excelencia (CLU-2017-03); to J.A.E.: funding from Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities MINECO (RED2018-102576-T, RTI2018-099357-B-I00), CIBERFES (CB16/10/00282), and HFSP (RGP0016/2018). RAP (XPC/BBV1602 and MIN/RYC1102). The CNIC is supported by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015-0505). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Instance selection of linear complexity for big data

Over recent decades, database sizes have grown considerably. Larger sizes present new challenges, because machine learning algorithms are not prepared to process such large volumes of information. Instance selection methods can alleviate this problem when the size of the data set is medium to large. However, even these methods face similar problems with very large-to-massive data sets. In this paper, two new algorithms with linear complexity for instance selection purposes are presented. Both algorithms use locality-sensitive hashing to find similarities between instances. While the complexity of conventional methods (usually quadratic, O(n2), or log-linear, O(nlogn)) means that they are unable to process large-sized data sets, the new proposal shows competitive results in terms of accuracy. Even more remarkably, it shortens execution time, as the proposal manages to reduce complexity and make it linear with respect to the data set size. The new proposal has been compared with some of the best known instance selection methods for testing and has also been evaluated on large data sets (up to a million instances).Supported by the Research Projects TIN 2011-24046 and TIN 2015-67534-P from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness

Correction : Chaparro et al. Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain: Large-Scale Epidemiological Study. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2885

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain : Large-Scale Epidemiological Study

(1) Aims: To assess the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Spain, to describe the main epidemiological and clinical characteristics at diagnosis and the evolution of the disease, and to explore the use of drug treatments. (2) Methods: Prospective, population-based nationwide registry. Adult patients diagnosed with IBD-Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) or IBD unclassified (IBD-U)-during 2017 in Spain were included and were followed-up for 1 year. (3) Results: We identified 3611 incident cases of IBD diagnosed during 2017 in 108 hospitals covering over 22 million inhabitants. The overall incidence (cases/100,000 person-years) was 16 for IBD, 7.5 for CD, 8 for UC, and 0.5 for IBD-U; 53% of patients were male and median age was 43 years (interquartile range = 31-56 years). During a median 12-month follow-up, 34% of patients were treated with systemic steroids, 25% with immunomodulators, 15% with biologics and 5.6% underwent surgery. The percentage of patients under these treatments was significantly higher in CD than UC and IBD-U. Use of systemic steroids and biologics was significantly higher in hospitals with high resources. In total, 28% of patients were hospitalized (35% CD and 22% UC patients, p < 0.01). (4) Conclusion: The incidence of IBD in Spain is rather high and similar to that reported in Northern Europe. IBD patients require substantial therapeutic resources, which are greater in CD and in hospitals with high resources, and much higher than previously reported. One third of patients are hospitalized in the first year after diagnosis and a relevant proportion undergo surgery